基于三螺旋理论的瑞典政产学合作模式研究

高效的创新体系是瑞典保持国家创新能力和国际竞争力的主要原因,而政产学网络化合作模式是瑞典创新体系的核心环节。在瑞典政产学合作模式下,政府起着创新引领作用,企业起着创新主体作用,大学和研究机构起着创新执行作用,政府、企业和大学相互作用,共同合作,实现三螺旋式上升发展。在我国创新体系建设中,要进一步明确我国政府指导性与服务性的双重角色定位,重视企业的创新主体作用,实现人才培养格局的多元化并完善科技成果转化机制。     

环境规制对产业结构的作用机理研究

利用1998年-2014年全国各省的面板数据,通过理论分析与联立方程模型的构建,实证研究了环境规制对产业结构调整的作用机理。研究发现:环境规制对产业结构的调整存在倒逼机制和空间异质性,即提高环境规制强度能够促进产业结构的调整,中部效应最明显,东部次之,西部效应不明显。因此,从全国的角度来讲,国家应采取科学合理的环境经济手段,适当提高环境规制程度,发挥其对产业结构调整的促进作用;从区域的角度来讲,地方政府应根据本区域的环境状况和经济发展状况,制定相应的环境规制政策,发挥其最大效用,增加社会福利。     

乡村度假旅游产品开发探讨

乡村度假旅游在我国还是一个新生事物,但发展势头却比较迅猛,逐渐成为乡村旅游发展的宠儿。目前国内关于乡村度假旅游产品的开发研究还比较缺乏。文章在对发展乡村度假旅游意义探讨的基础上,分析总结了目前国内外乡村度假旅游产品的几种主要类型及发展动向,探讨了这类产品的市场需求及特征。最后在分析乡村度假旅游产品要素的基础上,对乡村度假旅游产品开发模式进行了深入探讨。     

基于扩招下的创业教育模式及有效路径

分析了当前我国大学生创业教育的现状及其主要问题,如创业模式单一,创业教育课程体系不完整等等。提出了我国开展大学生创业教育的模式及有效路径,即提升创业教育的师资水平,正确的引导、合理的设计教师的绩效体系,完善大学生创业教育的课程体系,建立健全大学生创业教育的投资机制等,以期为扩招下大学生创业教育的开展提供有益的思考。     

Trade Costs,Trade Balances and Current Accounts: An Application of Gravity to Multilateral Trade

In this paper we test the well-known hypothesis of Obstfeld and Rogoff (NBER Macroeconomics Annual 7777:339–390, 2000) that trade costs are the key to explaining the so-called Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. Our approach has a number of novel features. First, we focus on the interrelationship between trade costs, the trade account and the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. Second, we use the gravity model to estimate the effect of trade costs on bilateral trade and, third, we show how bilateral trade can be used to draw inferences about desired trade balances and desired intertemporal trade. Our econometric results provide strong support for the Obstfeld and Rogoff hypothesis and we are also able to reconcile our results with the so-called home bias puzzle.

电子商务专业人才培养模式的探索

本文提出电子商务专业＂工学并行、岗能一体、校企融合＂的人才培养模式,并给出了具体的实施方案和建议。通过人才培养模式的构建,希望建立一个合理的、完善的、高效的人才培养体系,为高职电子商务专业建设和改革提供具有参考意义的人才培养思路。     

外汇储备对我国物价水平的影响——基于协整检验与误差修正模型的分析

协整和格兰杰因果检验结果表明,我国外汇储备与物价水平存在协整关系,且外汇储备是物价水平的格兰杰原因,表明外汇储备增加将对通货膨胀形成压力。但从误差修正模型的检验结果看,我国外汇储备对物价水平的影响在短期内较为有限,其主要原因是我国央行短期内进行大量的外汇冲销操作。因此,我国需要采取有效的措施来缓解通胀压力,如加大央行公开市场业务操作、改革外汇管理体制、适当放宽汇率浮动幅度以及合理使用我国现有外汇储备等。     

Respondent direct experience and contingent willingness to pay for new commodities: a switching endogenous interval regression analysis

Most environmental economists argue that direct experience with the good being valuated, or with similar goods, is a precondition for providing valid willingness to pay (WTP) responses to contingent valuation questions. Two questions are posed in this article. The first is whether previous use experience of a resource (Séné nature reserve) similar to that being valuated (future nature reserves) and located in the same geographical area (Gulf of Morbihan) impacts on WTP. The second is whether accounting for the endogeneity of direct experience matters in the estimation of WTP. We find that respondents who have not experienced the Séné nature reserve provide value estimates that are statistically comparable to that of respondents who have experienced it. Our assumption is that respondents have acquired sufficient and adequate experience of future nature reserves from the questionnaire that experience obtained by experiencing the Séné nature reserve was not necessary for making a valid value formulation. Hence, aggregation of WTP estimates to obtain a total valuation of the future nature reserves is reasonable over the full target population. In addition, our results show that direct experience is endogenously determined; but controlling for the endogeneity has a marginal effect on WTP estimates.     

一种项目采购模式的博弈分析

本文试图用经济学理论 (主要是博弈与信息经济学的理论 )来分析目前工程项目建设中采用的一种工程设备、材料的采购模式。文章首先提出这种模式的内容与特征 ,然后就制度内各参与方 (主要为业主、承包商、供货商 )之间的博弈进行分析 ,分不完全信息博弈、完全信息博弈两种情况来分析这种采购制度下达到的均衡。     

Playing the synthesizer with Canadian data: Adding polls to a structural forecasting model

Election forecasting has become a fixture of election campaigns in a number of democracies. Structural modeling, the major approach to forecasting election results, relies on ‘fundamental’ economic and political variables to predict the incumbent’s vote share usually a few months in advance. Some political scientists contend that adding vote intention polls to these models—i.e., synthesizing ‘fundamental’ variables and polling information—can lead to important accuracy gains. In this paper, we look at the efficiency of different model specifications in predicting the Canadian federal elections from 1953 to 2015. We find that vote intention polls only allow modest accuracy gains late in the campaign. With this backdrop in mind, we then use different model specifications to make ex ante forecasts of the 2019 federal election. Our findings have a number of important implications for the forecasting discipline in Canada as they address the benefits of combining polls and ‘fundamental’ variables to predict election results; the efficiency of varying lag structures; and the issue of translating votes into seats.