食品质量安全供应链规制研究:以乳品为例

在现有的质量规制政策下,食品质量安全事故频繁发生的原因是强制性公共规制难以有效地介入食品供应链的质量生产过程。对供应链生产过程的公共规制失灵,为被规制者以质量手段谋求利益最大化留下了充分的对策性空间。由供应链核心厂商实施的私人质量规制,以其信息成本优势、对策性行为少和规制的可持续性,能够有效地弥补公共规制对供应链的质量规制空白。     

经济学视角下治理食品安全问题的对策

食品安全是严重的社会问题,其产生的根源主要在于食品市场存在严重的信息不对称。虽然近年来我国更加重视对食品安全的治理,同时也加强了政府对食品安全的监管,但是单纯依靠政府的监管并不能从根源上治理和解决食品安全问题。所以,要在继续加强政府监管力度的基础上,进一步提高政府监管的技术,还要借助全社会的力量以构建全方位的食品安全监管体系。     

Consumers' reactions to food scares

In the past decade many food hazards appeared (i.e. bacteria of Escherichia coli, dioxins in pork). When information about food hazards is announced, many concerns about food product arise. As a result consumers stop buying the kind of food in which hazard appears, which makes losses to the food producer. In this study, the results of survey are presented. The survey was conducted among 712 respondents in the southeast Poland. Respondents were asked about the source of information they prefer to be informed about the food hazard, their reactions to food hazard and their ways to protect themselves from food hazards in case of food scares. On the basis of the results, it was found that the main sources of information they prefer are television (85.4% of indications) and the Internet (61.4% of indications). Moreover, when a food hazard appears and consumers are informed about this fact their first reaction is to check if they have bought this product, and 30% of respondents declared that they would not buy this product again. To make sure that a particular food product is safe, consumers buy products they know (70.5% respondents). The answers varied on the socio‐demographic characteristics of respondents.     

团队反思、团队心理安全感对团队创新的影响——一个被中介的调节效应模型检验

团队反思对团队产出的影响不是简单的直接作用,而是被一些情境变量调节,具有权变性。研究引入团队心理安全感和团队知识共享两个中间变量,探讨其中的中介和调节效应,建立团队反思与团队创新关系的被中介的调节效应模型。通过企业工作团队及其主管的配对问卷调查,收集变量数据,对建构的理论模型进行统计检验。结果显示,团队心理安全感对团队反思与团队创新的关系具有调节作用;团队心理安全感对团队反思与团队知识共享的关系具有正向调节效应;团队知识共享对团队心理安全感与团队创新的关系具有完全的中介效应,在团队反思与团队心理安全感交互影响团队创新关系中起部分中介作用。在统计分析的基础上进一步提出对管理实践的启示和未来研究展望。     

食品安全监管现状分析

食品安全问题是公众关注的焦点问题,本文研究不同国家的食品安全监管模式以及国内餐饮服务业食品安全监管现状,并给出解决我国食品安全问题的建议。     

强化食品管理安全预警的思考

食品是人类构成社会的物质基础的重要一环,食品安全是事关国计民生的重大社会问题,关系到经济稳定和社会和谐。因此,如何完善食品管理,建立高效、时效、有效的食品安全预警系统,深化食品质量安全监督管理体制改革,是一项十分必要且刻不容缓的工作。     

关于我国目前食品安全问题的思考

本文旨在解读我国当前的食品安全问题并提出一些的看法,文章包括食品安全为何成为热点话题、食品安全问题为何日益严重、关于更好地解决食品卫生问题的建议三个方面。食品卫生与广大民众的生活息息相关,政府和人民都应对此问题持续关注。     

Driving under the influence of alcohol in Cali,Colombia: prevalence and consumption patterns, 2013

This study's goal was to establish the prevalence of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) and alcohol consumption patterns among drivers in Cali, Colombia, in 2013. A cross-sectional study based on a roadside survey using a stratified and multi-stage sampling design was developed. Thirty-two sites were chosen randomly for the selection of drivers who were then tested for blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and asked to participate in the survey. The prevalence of DUI was 0.88% (95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 0.26%–1.49%) with a lower prevalence when BAC was increasing. In addition, a higher prevalence was found during non-typical checkpoint hours (1.28, 95% CI ?0.001%–0.03%). The overall prevalence is considered high, given the low alcohol consumption and vehicles per capita. Prevention measures are needed to reduce DUI during non-typical checkpoints and ongoing studies are required to monitor the trends and enable the assessment of interventions.     

农村食品安全问题的法律应对

城市食品安全问题还没有彻底解决,农村食品安全问题又开始凸显。很多在城市消失的假冒伪劣食品堂而皇之地进入了农村市场,正日益威胁着广大农村人口的生命健康,对农村经济发展和社会稳定十分不利。主要原因有市场失灵、监管缺失、惩处力度小、农民法律意识淡薄等。为此要从加强执法力度、大力宣传法律、组建监督人员等方面入手,保证农村食品安全。     

推进利率市场化进程亟待完善金融安全网建设

“十二五”规划明确指出,我国将稳步推进利率市场化改革。关系金融稳定的金融安全网三道防线一审慎监管、最后贷款人制度、存款保险制度的建立与完善,成为深化利率市场化改革的重要保证。文章指出,应从完善宏观审慎管理框架、明确央行最后贷款人职责和加快建立存款保险制度这三个方面完善金融安全网建设,有规划、有步骤、坚定不移地推进利率市场化改革。