乡村社会二元规则系统的共存与博弈——以外嫁女的村民资格为例

近年来,围绕外嫁女的村民资格,产生了很多冲突,有的甚至诉诸司法程序。在冲突中,维权的外嫁女,与以村委会为代表的其他村民,分别依据不同的规则系统为自己辩护,即国家正式的法律制度与乡村社会的父系传统。前者源于现代工业文明,后者源于中国传统的农业文明,它们的并存,型塑了中国社会,尤其是乡村社会秩序的基本特征。     

Patent Protection, Transnational Corporations, and Market Structure: A Simulation Study of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

This study examines the role of patent protection on the behavior of transnational corporations and market structure in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The method of analysis is the calibration of a theoretical model to firm-level data from two therapeutic groups of the Indian pharmacy market, and a simulation analysis asking the hypothetical question of what the market structure would be if India granted patent protection to pharmaceutical products. The model developed for the simulation analysis explicitly accounts for the complex demand structure for pharmaceutical goods that results from the presence of therapeutic substitute drugs, and product differentiation among chemically equivalent drugs.     

市场流通法的法律地位及立法方向

市场流通法是指为了流通整体的安全与效率,以流通过程中发生的人与人之间的经济利益关系为调整对象的法律规范的总和。市场流通法是作用于特定社会经济生活领域的法律,它不同于传统部门法的分类标准,是以特定经济领域为标准进行划分的结果。按照市场流通法调整的社会关系类型,市场流通法属于经济法的范畴,是经济法的特别法。制定市场流通法有助于解决我国市场流通领域存在的流通秩序混乱、流通成本过高、流通管理低效等问题。我国应当充分发挥行业协会了解市场的优势,制定一部适应市场需要、具有较高法律位阶的市场流通法。     

How do bankruptcy laws affect entrepreneurship development around the world?

How do bankruptcy laws as formal institutions affect entrepreneurship development around the world? Do entrepreneur-friendly bankruptcy laws encourage more entrepreneurship development at a societal level? We posit that if bankrupt entrepreneurs are excessively punished for failure, they may give up potentially high-return but inherently high-risk opportunities to start new businesses. Amassing a cross-country database from 29 countries spanning 19 years (1990-2008), we find that lenient, entrepreneur-friendly bankruptcy laws are significantly correlated with the level of entrepreneurship development as measured by the rate of new firm entry.     

改革开放30年来中国票据市场发展历程回顾

该文首先回顾我国票据市场所经历的推广使用、制度建设和快速发展三个阶段,以及1994年以来我国票据市场发展的主要特征;在此基础上文童进一步分析了我国票据市场发展中存在的主要问题,认为我国票据市场的发展还存在信用基础薄弱、市场主体缺位、品种单一、法规滞后、市场分割明显等问题;进而指出我国票据市场的发展可借鉴英国、日本的市场模式,发挥政府引导和市场调节的各自优势,逐步形成一个稳健有序的票据市场,传递中央银行货币政策。