基于V&V模型的专用飞机维修工具研制管理

从飞机维修工具定义和分类出发,分析专用飞机维修工具需求来源,并基于飞机研制周期的V-V模型给出专用飞机维修工具的研制管理模型,使专用飞机维修工具研制管理与飞机研制管理密切相结合,便于主制造商在专用飞机维修工具的研制管理。     

基于状态的测控设备维护决策方法

为解决定期预防性维护存在的弊端,提出了基于状态的测控设备维护决策方法,并参照OSA -CBM标准,构建了适用于测控系统的维护决策系统。通过对状态监测、故障诊断、性能评 估、状态预测等关键技术的研究表明,该方法切实可行,可进一步提升测控设备维护管理水 平。     

Does computer-based training impact maintenance costs and actions? An empirical analysis of the US Navy’s AN/SQQ-89(v) sonar system

The United States Navy decided in the early 2000s to replace traditional, instructor-led schoolhouse training with computer-based training (CBT). While employing CBT may produce gains in knowledge acquisition and lower costs for repetitive, low-skill work, there is a lack of empirical evidence whether these benefits exist for more highly skilled Navy operations. Anecdotal evidence suggests that CBT failed to sufficiently prepare new sailors for sophisticated systems’ maintenance and operation. To determine the validity of this evidence, we examine how CBT has affected the AN/SQQ-89(v) sonar. We empirically analyse whether the Navy’s introduction of CBT significantly altered fleet maintenance costs, actions and training requirements, by assembling a unique data set of ships, locations, personnel, maintenance costs and maintenance actions. Controlling for the Navy’s plan to man the system, the number of authorized billets and the number of personnel on board, we find that CBT adversely impacts costs, actions and maintenance hours for the sonar system.     

Framing risks in a safety‐critical and hazardous job: risk‐taking as responsibility in railway maintenance

In risk management research, risk‐taking is mostly treated as deviation that calls for improved risk communication. I argue, however, that risk‐taking should be seen as expressing a rationale of its own; thus, improving safety requires that this rationale be adequately understood and that the conditions that reproduce risk‐taking be changed. This argument is supported by an ethnography of railway maintenance in Sweden. Railway technicians are charged with maintaining the railway infrastructure to support safe and punctual trains, an assignment that exposes them to occupational hazards. The technicians' claim of occupational responsibility for transportation safety risks is framed by two notions in occupational discourse: first, the safety‐critical nature of their tasks, and second, the notion of service to the general public. Technician interdependence in achieving occupational safety requires mutual responsibility in the team. Technicians justify occupational risk‐taking, claiming it is sometimes needed to achieve production goals given the available time and resources and the manageability of the risks taken. Finally, I stress the need for technicians to change their frames of reference and for employers to assume responsibility for reducing the need for risk‐taking.     

多产品生产系统的生产与预防维修综合计划优化模型

生产与维修是制造业最重要的活动并共用企业设备资源,因此合理协调二者关系是企业控制成本的关键。使用时间延迟维修模型模拟设备老化和维修过程,将某一特定的计划周期等分成若干个生产阶段,考虑每个阶段的生产、库存、延期未交货、不合格产品成本、故障维修活动,以及周期性的预防维修活动,建立总成本模型。通过对案例进行分析阐明此模型,旨在求解出最佳预防维修间隔时间和各阶段各产品产量,得出最佳的生产和维修综合计划。     

基于残值视角的PPP项目特许权期决策研究

模式在我国应用前景广阔,合理的特许权期对PPP项目的成功运作至关重要。本文在已有研 究的基础上,根据PPP项目价值的波动规律,将PPP项目价值波动分解为磨损造成的价值下降 与维护引起的价值上升两个方面,从项目残值必须符合预期的角度,分析PPP项目的维护投 入,进而构建考虑残值的PPP项目特许权期决策模型。研究表明：（1）项目的报废率与建设 成本正相关,与经济寿命期负相关;（2）社会资本对PPP项目的维护投入随着运营时间逐渐 增加,且与建设成本负相关、与经济寿命期正相关、与特许权期负相关;（3）当社会资本 的投资回收速率较低或期望报酬率较高时,政府应制定较长的特许权期;（4）较长的特许 权期对社会资本增加建设投资具有激励效果。本研究旨在为政企双方进行合理特许权期的决 策提供新的角度与方法。     

农户参与农地整理项目后期管护意愿与行为悖离——来自安徽省寿县的实证分析

研究目的：厘清农户参与农地整理项目后期管护意愿与行为悖离的显著影响因素、因素间层次关系及关联关系,为完善农地整理项目长效利用机制提供决策参考。研究方法：以安徽省寿县的334户农户为调查样本,基于“动机—机会—能力”理论分析框架,建立二元Logistic模型对悖离的影响因素进行检验,并借助解释结构模型识别系统关键因素及层次关系,依据奥尔森集体行动理论诠释因素间关联关系。研究结果：（1）农户3个维度13个因素是悖离的显著影响因素,其中,能力维度的显著因素总体影响最弱,机会维度的显著因素总体影响最强。（2）导致悖离的深层因素是农户年龄、受教育程度与非农业收入比例等禀赋异质性。（3）奥尔森集体行动理论进一步诠释了农户禀赋异质性从深层根源上影响了治理结构形式与激励措施的绩效,农业龙头企业与专业合作组织等“小组织”更能促成农地整理项目后期管护的集体行动。研究结论：不同层次关系因素导致了农户后期管护意愿与行为悖离。建议从增加农户就地非农就业机会与收入、提高政府后期管护角色地位、推进农地流转等入手,助推农户意愿转化为实际行动。     

Capital reduction case law decisions and the development of the capital maintenance doctrine in late-nineteenth-century England

Incorporation with limited liability enabled companies to ‘lock-in’ their financial capital’ and then invest in the long-term, highly specific investments on which the modern industrial economy would be based. The level of benefit varied from country to country, according to the way that the concept of capital lock-in, or maintenance, was defined in the legal systems concerned.

In the UK, the concept was not well defined in early company legislation and challenges were raised through the courts during the late nineteenth century. Some of these, the ‘dividend cases’, have been quite widely considered in the literature but direct reductions of share capital, or capital reduction schemes, have received far less attention, even though they raised fundamental issues concerning long-term dividend positions, the accounting treatment of accumulated losses, depreciation and asset values and had important effects on the development of the capital maintenance doctrine and on shareholder class rights.

The purpose of this paper is to question whether this literature adequately captures judicial influences on the development of the capital maintenance doctrine in England during the latter part of the nineteenth century, given the limited attention that has been paid to date to the leading capital reduction cases.     

关于高校教学仪器设备维修管理工作的探讨

如何改进高校教学仪器设备维修管理工作的体制与机制,以提高仪器设备管理的综合效率,是当前高校仪器设备维修管理工作的重要问题。文章就仪器设备管理工程中维修计划、后勤保障、维修组织等问题进行探讨,以寻求高校仪器设备维修管理工作的有效方法。     

构建中国家用电器顾客满意度测评指数的设想——以长虹空调为例

顾客满意度状态与企业利润率之间有着密切的联系,因此,提高顾客满意度正逐渐成为许多企业的重要经营目标。本文对家用电器中的空调进行调查分析,确定顾客满意度的各项指标和权重,建立一个测评设想。