财务软件操作中常见问题解析——以金蝶KIS标准版为例

结合教学实践，分析金蝶KIS标准版财务软件的主要功能模块——系统维护及系统初始化设置模块、账务处理模块以及工资管理、固定资产管理、出纳管理等存在的常见操作问题，便于广大初学者熟练掌握会计软件。     

农村民间金融问题与对策探究

农村民间金融的存在弥补了正规金融在农村金融活动中的"缺位",是对正规金融的一种有益补充,在农村经济发展和社会主义新农村建设中发挥着重要作用,但其在发展过程中存在着诸多问题。因此,分析了农村民间金融存在的主要问题,并提出了完善的对策。     

论王世杰与抗战时期的中共问题——以《王世杰日记》为中心

王世杰是新政学系的重要人物，思想属自由主义范畴。抗战时期国民党内对中共问题形成两派意见，王世杰认为不能使用武力对付共产党，应寻求政治途径，国民政府必须改良政治，实行资产阶级自由主义政治制度。为此，他不断游说蒋介石和国民党党内人士，提出政治解决办法，调和国共矛盾，缓和两党关系。正是由于他的坚持和努力，国共之间进行了较长时间的谈判，国民党中央全会通过了政治解决中共问题的决议。尽管此主张并未取得具体的、实质性结果，内战未能避免，但为赢得一定的国内和局、争取抗战胜利发挥了实际作用，这是应该承认的。     

高职院校信息化建设中存在的问题和对策

随着经济的逐步发展,高职院校示范性建设也在不断加速改进,各个院校的老师学生人数在快速增加,新的建筑,新的设备以及新的应用也在迅猛的增长,教育也越来越要求信息化。这一情况促使学校要开始建立多层次,创新型以及开拓思维性的教育模式,要不断的提高创办学校质量与效益,促进科技研究水平,提高培养的人才的全面素质,才能更好地适应信息社会所需要的各种全面型的人才,而要实现这一目地,没有信息化数字化的校园,是很难实现的。但是,就目前实际情况而言,我国高职院校信息化建设之中仍旧存在着较多的问题,而解决这些问题,探究最佳方案,已经成为高职院校信息化建设之中首要解决的问题,是重中之重。     

Benefits of in-vehicle consolidation in less than truckload freight transportation operations

Researchers and public agencies have proposed consolidation policies as an alternative to increase truck payload utilization and mitigate externalities produced by freight transportation. Understanding and enhancing the economic mechanisms that lead to freight consolidation can ease the implementation of these strategies, increase profits for shippers and carriers, and reduce freight-related negative externalities. An important mechanism that has recently been studied for cost reduction in the freight industry is combinatorial auctions. In these auctions, a shipper invites a set of carriers to submit bids for freight lane contracts. Carriers can bid for individual lanes or bundles of them according to their operational characteristics. These bids are constructed considering direct shipments (Truckload operations) and several biding advisory models have been proposed for this purpose. However, there are economies of scale that can be achieved if shipments are consolidated inside vehicles, which have not been explored in the construction of competitive bids. This paper investigates such benefits and provides insights on the competitiveness and challenges associated to the development of consolidated bids (suitable for Less-Than-Truckload operations). Consolidated bids are constructed using a multi-commodity one-to-one pickup-and-delivery vehicle routing problem that is solved using a branch-and-price algorithm. The numerical experiment shows that non-consolidated bids are dominated by consolidated bids, which implies that this type of operation can increase the likelihood of a carrier to win auctioned lanes, while increasing its profits margins over truckload companies (non-consolidated bids), and keeping the reported benefits that combinatorial auctions represent for shippers.     

《坛经》中的教学艺术初探——读禅悟教之一

《坛经》中蕴含着丰富的教学艺术资源,主要有巧譬妙喻、诗化偈颂、反诘导悟、默传意会、机锋问答和随方解缚等,有些对今天的教学仍具有重要的启示意义。     

Reformulating Environmentally Constrained Traffic Equilibrium via a Smooth Gap Function

Various government laws have recently been enacted to alleviate the environmental deterioration of transportation systems. Environmental constraint is a valid means to explicitly reflect various environmental protection requirements imposed by the government. In this paper, we examine the environmentally constrained traffic equilibrium problem (EC-TEP), which is a fundamental tool for modeling and evaluating environmental protection requirements. Specifically, we provide an equivalent reformulation for the EC-TEP. The proposed reformulation adapts the concept of gap function to simultaneously reformulate the nonlinear complementarity conditions associated with the generalized user equilibrium conditions, environmental constraints, and conservation constraints as an equivalent unconstrained optimization problem. This gap function reformulation has two desirable features: (1) it can handle a general environmental constraint structure (linear or nonlinear; link-based or area-based) and a general link and route cost structure, enhancing the modeling adaptability and flexibility; (2) it is smooth and unconstrained, permitting a number of existing efficient algorithms for its solution. A gradient-based solution algorithm with a self-regulated averaging stepsize scheme is customized to solve the reformulated unconstrained optimization problem. Numerical examples are also provided to demonstrate the modeling flexibility of the proposed EC-TEP reformulation.     

A strategic approach to improve sustainability in transportation service procurement

This paper focuses on the procurement of full truck-load transportation service with the view to ensuring sustainability in transport logistics. The carrier assignment problem (CAP) involved in truck load contract auction is studied using a complete enumeration method and heuristic approach. Performance of both methods is compared in terms of solution quality and computational time based on the results of sample problems considered. Also, the impact of combinatorial bidding on reducing empty haul in real world case is analyzed and environmental sustainability is achieved through reduction in carbon foot print.     

论高等院校的校园文化建设

高等院校的校园文化不仅在高校自身发展中有着极其重要的地位和作用,而且对推动社会文化的进步产生积极而深刻的影响.高校应把校园文化建设纳入总体规划,加强组织领导;齐心协力,形成合力;营造良好氛围;培育学校特色与时代特征;重视校训的作用.     

中小企业融资困难的原因分析与对策探讨

困扰我国中小企业发展的融资问题一直未能得到缓解,原因是多方面的,本文在分析了信贷机制不对接、直接融资不畅通、担保不足和政策扶持不强等原因的基础上,通过总结其他国家扶持中小企业的经验做法,提出加快解决我国中小企业融资难题的多种措施,包括建立专门的政策机构、完善现有的法律制度、拓展政府服务职能、创新融资手段等。