学习能力影响下供应链企业间知识交易的最优合约配置!

在知识买方——供应链中的供应商的学习能力为其私人信息的情况下,知识卖方——制造商通过设计将知识交易量与原材料产品折扣价格相结合的合约菜单来甄别供应商的学习能力类型。在此基础上,建立信息不对称情形下的知识交易模型,通过模型求解得出最优的合约配置,并结合信息对称情形下的基准情形对合约菜单的相关性质进行了分析。最后利用数值算例对上述相关性质进行了说明。     

基于供应商入侵的两级供应链批量博弈及决策

考虑由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的两级供应链,构建了三阶段博弈模型,研究在不对称信息下供应商入侵对零售商订单量及供应商库存量决策的影响。通过设计市场规模阈值及调查市场规模,进而得出每一阶段下供应商和零售商的利润。对3个阶段供应商和零售商利润先后进行比较分析,发现当后一阶段利润大于前一阶段时,供应链成员才会对订单量及库存量进行调整,从而得出在每阶段零售商订单数量及供应商库存数量范围。结果表明,供应商入侵在一定的零售商订单量及供应商库存量范围内可以提高供应链利润。     

Oil price shocks on Indian economy: evidence from Toda Yamamoto and Markov regime-switching VAR

The study investigates the dynamic impact of linear and non-linear specifications of oil price shocks on macroeconomic fundamentals for an oil-importing emerging economy – India – during the period March 1991 to January 2009. The paper deploys extended vector autoregressive (VAR) model of possibly integrated processes proposed by Toda and Yamamoto, which has its advantage of application irrespective of the variables being stationary or cointegrated. The study further estimates two-state Markov regime-switch VAR model to examine regime shift behaviour of the underlying variables and its relationship. The study finds that inflation and foreign exchange reserve are greatly impacted by oil price shocks. The study also confirms that the movement in oil price is exogenous with respect to the movement of India’s macroeconomic variables and the impact of oil price shocks are asymmetric in nature with negative price shocks having more pronounced effect than positive shocks.     

基于信息不对称视角的小微企业融资难博弈分析

小微企业在创造就业机会、维护社会稳定以及活跃市场经济等方面发挥着巨大的作用.但是,由于小微企业经营规模小、自有资产少、抗风险能力差等原因,其很难通过银行等金融机构获得有效贷款.从信息不对称视角分析小微企业的逆向选择和道德风险对银行放贷的影响,结果表明：为解决小微企业融资困境,应加强诚信教育,传播信用知识;搭建信息平台,互通信用信息;提升评级质量,公布评级结果;促进银企沟通,建立服务平台.     

基于产品差异化和规制条件下的斯坦克尔伯格模型研究

本文研究了产品差异化和规制条件下的斯坦克尔伯格模型,认为跟随企业的定价受主导企业定价的影响,但其定价受主导企业定价的影响的敏感程度随行业内跟随企业数量增加而下降.此外,本文还研究了在完全信息和不对称信息条件下政府对主导企业进行不对称规制时,为实现社会福利最大化对其征税的最优税率的确定.     

Uncertainty,the Lemon Problem,Asymmetric Information and Countertrade

Abstract

A review of the International Trade literature suggests that uncertainty caused by the lack of perfect information and/or asymmetric information provides a motivation for countertrade (Hennart, 1990; Mirus & Yeung, 1986; Yavas & Vardiabasis, 1988). After presenting the most prevalent forms and examples of countertrade, this study shows how uncertainty can lead to some of the most common forms of countertrade; counterpurchase, buyback and offset. The paper compares and contrasts two strategies facing the management team of a profit-maximizing firm. The standard neoclassical mathematical model developed and presented shows that countertrade strategy may be superior to standard money-mediated trade strategy when there is uncertainty. Therefore, countertrade (particularly, buyback, counterpurchase and offset) may be a rational response to conditions that restrict standard trade. As such, countertrade can supplement standard money-mediated trade and contribute to the growth of international business.     

金融危机下国企多级委托代理链的思考与建议

拉动内需是金融危机环境下推动经济发展的可行方法,而国有企业在拉动内需环节上起到中坚作用。由此,国有企业的改革再次引起政府和学术界的重视,本文从委托代理的角度,剖析国有企业存在的问题,并对其问题提出了合理化的建议。     

过度投资影响因素的研究综述

过度投资是导致公司投资效率低下的一个重要因素。近年来，关于公司过度投资行为的研究成为公司治理研究领域的一个热点问题．文章主要对近年来国内外关于公司过度投资产生原因的研究文献进行了综述。     

Self-Selection and Optimal Nonlinear Effluent Charges

This paper proposes an optimal nonlinear effluent-charge system forenvironmental pollution control. This system achieves the first-bestoptimum through a self-selecting mechanism under asymmetric information.The proposed system can also control the level of revenues so as to reducethe excess burden of environmental taxation, and discriminate among thepolluters. The paper also compares this system with the conventional lineareffluent-charge system and discusses some economic implications ofimplementing the system.     

Do Monetary Unions Make Economic Sense? Evidence from the Scandinavian Currency Union, 1873–1913

Popular propositions as to what constitutes a successful single currency area are examined by looking at the Scandinavian Currency Union (1873–1913) formed by Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Applying a frequently used indicator of the desirability of monetary union, we study the symmetry of country-specific structural shocks (measured net of the non-Scandinavian influence) in these three countries. It is found that country-specific shocks are not highly symmetric. This conclusion is also supported by the absence of clear-cut differences between the pattern of structural shocks in Belgium and structural shocks in the Scandinavian countries. This suggests that the three Scandinavian countries did not form an optimum currency area during the period 1873–1913.
JEL classification : F 15; F 33; N 13