Corporate Governance: A Critical Survey of Key Concepts,Issues, and Recent Reforms in the US

This paper critically surveys basic corporate governance concepts and theories, assesses recent international empirical support of theories, and analyzes the impact of major, recent corporate governance reforms in the US. Comparing representative economies identifies the essential features of different corporate governance systems. Therefore, the corporate governance structures of a few countries (England, US, Germany, and Japan) are explored. In second part of the paper, some emergent issues of corporate governance such as the impact of block holders and emergent market regulatory changes are assessed. Finally, the effectiveness of the Sarbanes-Oxley act is evaluated.     

Adaptive two-treatment two-period crossover design for binary treatment responses

Adaptive designs are sometimes used in a phase III clinical trial with the aim, of allocating a larger number of patients to the better treatment. In the present paper, we use some adaptive designs in a two-treatment two-period crossover design where the treatment responses are binary. We use some simple designs to choose between the possible treatment combinations AA, AB, BA or BB. The goal is to use the better treatment a larger proportion of times. We calculate the allocation proportions to the possible treatment combinations and their standard deviations. We also study related inferential problems. Related asymptotics are derived. The proposed procedure is compared with some possible competitors. Finally, we use real data to illustrate the applicability of our proposed design.     

3种移动闭塞模式下列车延迟传播规律的研究

介绍了移动空间闭塞、移动时间闭塞、完全移动闭塞3种移动闭塞模式,模拟讨论了3种模式下的列车延迟传播现象及其规律。模拟结果表明,在相同的初始延迟时间下,完全移动闭塞模式晚点列车总数最少,总的列车晚点时间最小;移动空间闭塞模式晚点列车总数最多,总的列车晚点时间最大。     

森林旅游景区旅游规划模式研究—基于休闲旅游的视角

休闲旅游驱动森林旅游景区旅游规划模式演进。“三析五构”旅游规划模式注重社会发展导向,包括旅游环境分析、旅游资源评析和休闲旅游市场分析的“三维一体”系统评析,以及包含旅游规划理念体系、旅游规划目标体系、旅游功能区划体系、休闲旅游产品体系和旅游支持体系的“五位一体”体系构建。以南京牛首山森林公园为例对此模式进行了实证研究。     

Markov switching quantile autoregression

This paper considers the location‐scale quantile autoregression in which the location and scale parameters are subject to regime shifts. The regime changes in lower and upper tails are determined by the outcome of a latent, discrete‐state Markov process. The new method provides direct inference and estimate for different parts of a non‐stationary time series distribution. Bayesian inference for switching regimes within a quantile, via a three‐parameter asymmetric Laplace distribution, is adapted and designed for parameter estimation. Using the Bayesian output, the marginal likelihood is readily available for testing the presence and the number of regimes. The simulation study shows that the predictability of regimes and conditional quantiles by using asymmetric Laplace distribution as the likelihood is fairly comparable with the true model distributions. However, ignoring that autoregressive coefficients might be quantile dependent leads to substantial bias in both regime inference and quantile prediction. The potential of this new approach is illustrated in the empirical applications to the US inflation and real exchange rates for asymmetric dynamics and the S&P 500 index returns of different frequencies for financial market risk assessment.     

安徽省农村剩余劳动力转移的外化阻滞研究

农村剩余劳动力有序地转移,是国民经济健康发展和社会稳定的基础,文章对现阶段安徽省农村劳动力转移特点进行分析的基础上,从城乡居民收入差距问题、农村劳动力进城住房问题、从业环境问题、工作和生活保障问题等方面,指出农村剩余劳动力实现"迁徙式"转移的外化阻滞,并针对问题,提出相应的对策措施。     

回转式电晕放电架的结构设计

电晕处理机是一种应用非常广泛的塑料薄膜表面处理设备,放电架是其主要组成部分。针对放电架结构的特点,介绍了一种放电架总体结构的设计方法,并对其主要组成部件的结构设计进行了详细的论述。这种放电架采用回转式结构,利用气缸推动回转组件运转,提高了放膜的方便性和安全性。     

需求因素与全球价值链形成——兼论发展中国家的“结构封锁型”障碍与突破

从需求因素视角入手,探析全球价值链的形成机制以及相关国家竞争力的来源,是在全球化背景下,认清发达国家与发展中国家之间的全球价值链分工体系以及俘获型"结构封锁"价值链治理关系形成的关键所在。通过对发达国家与发展中国家在不同层次需求市场的控制能力和本土企业自主创新能力的交互作用机制分析,本文解析了由于对需求控制能力的不同所导致的四种国家发展模式,并以四国(地区)为例深入探析了发达国家对发展中国家俘获型"结构封锁"关系的形成机制及其主要手段。在此基础上指出中国本土企业如何利用本土市场需求结构空间的转换与逐步高度化,突破发达国家俘获型"结构封锁型"价值链治理关系"陷阱"的策略选择。     

降低环境风对火电厂空冷换热效率影响的措施

该文使用数值模拟方法研究了在夏季高温环境中降低环境风对空冷火电厂换热效率影响的几种方法。数值模拟给出了这些方法改善空冷换热效率的数值结果,特别指出增加位置合适的固壁挡风墙可以改变空冷火电厂周围高速气流的流向,降低环境风对空气冷凝器不利影响;而将这些固壁挡风墙换为阻力因子合适的多孔挡风墙,可以减少冷凝器底部风机的热回流,从而进一步提高空气冷凝器的换热效率。所得的定量结论可以在电厂改造和设计空冷系统时作为参考。