Becoming familiar with eternal anonymity: how sperm banks use relationship marketing strategy

The article focuses on donor profiles as a major marketing tool of the fertility industry and proposes some theoretical insights into sperm banking and sperm consumption, using a content analysis of 135 extended sperm donor profiles and a visual analysis of 36 baby photos in nine sperm banks. Theorizing sperm consumption is inspired by Grönroos' conceptualization of relationship marketing (RM). Contrary to conventional logic, I show how RM itself has become a product on its own, rather than a business strategy: while the sperm consumer is invited through anonymously written narratives to become an active prosumer by encoding and decoding parts of the donor's identity, the imaginary relationship with the donor constitutes the core product. Since donor profiles are purchased as a complementary service product, sperm banks activate identity construction among the donors by asking them to provide lengthy essays; donors produce polyphonic narratives and therefore participate in a Bakhtinian mask parade.     

高校培养校友捐赠行为分析

高校校友是高校募集资金的主要来源。高校挖掘校友潜力,必须从提升实力,加强形象宣传,提高声誉及培养捐赠风气两方面着手。     

无偿献血者发生献血反应的原因分析与护理体会分析

目的探讨无偿献血者出现献血反应的原因以及相关的护理对策。方法随机选取2012年8～12月我站献血的无偿献血者1500例无偿献血资料中抽取500例次的资料,进行咨询调查。结果在500例次无偿献血者中发生反应者为9例,反应率为1.8%,其中由心理原因导致的6例,占总献血反应人数中的66.67%。结论心理因素是无偿献血者发生献血反应的主要原因,通常见于初献血者,医务人员应针对各种发生献血反应的原因在献血进行前中后的不同时段进行献血全过程护理。     

‘Someone else’s blood’: directed blood donation for neonatal transfusion and parental perceptions of risk

In Canada, parents can give blood exclusively for their child’s transfusion, a process known as directed donation. This qualitative study aimed to understand parents’ perceptions in seeking to provide blood for their newborn. Ten parents whose preterm children were cared for in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of one Canadian hospital were interviewed. The beliefs and experiences of parents with regard to directed donation were analyzed with reference to their understanding of the risks and benefits of this form of transfusion. Interview data revealed that parents had little knowledge or understanding of the medical benefits and risks of directed donation and based their decision to seek this type of transfusion largely on emotional grounds. In addition, despite their preference for directed donation, most infants whose parents were interviewed in this study, for practical reasons could not be given this type of transfusion. This may have magnified risk perceptions of non‐directed transfusions. Parents need to be better informed about the medical risks and benefits of directed donation and the actual likelihood that their child will be able to receive this type of transfusion.     

政治关联、慈善捐赠与政府补助*--来自中国亏损上市公司的经验证据

文章以2009－2012年中国亏损上市公司作为研究样本,运用社会网络理论,分析和检验了高管的政治关联对亏损企业通过慈善捐赠行为获得政府补助的影响。研究结果表明：第一,有政治关联的亏损企业比无政治关联的亏损企业更容易出于获取政府支持而进行慈善捐赠,高管的政治关联广度相对于其政治关联深度对亏损企业慈善捐赠的正向影响更大,同时高管的地方政治关联相对于其中央政治关联对亏损企业慈善捐赠的正向影响也更大;第二,基于“利益互惠”的原则以及对企业积极履行社会责任的鼓励,政府通常会倾向于对进行慈善捐赠的企业给予更多的补助;第三,相对于无政治关联的亏损企业,有政治关联的亏损企业的慈善捐赠能够帮助其获得更多的政府补助,相对于中央政治关联,地方政治关联对亏损企业通过慈善捐赠获得政府补助的“支持效应”更加明显,同时政治关联广度更宽的亏损企业也通过慈善捐赠获得了更多的政府补助。文章的研究结论深化了对中国亏损上市公司慈善捐赠的动机及其经济后果的认识,为相关部门规范企业慈善行为也提供了有益的启示。     

浅析企业公益性捐赠的税收政策

《企业所得税法》对公益性捐赠税前扣除比例的规定,在一定程度上提高了企业对公益性捐赠的积极性,为企业履行社会责任、促进社会和谐进步起到推动作用。本文从有关公益性捐赠的税收政策出发,借鉴国外先进国家的经验,对我国公益性捐赠的税收政策进行了分析,提出了完善促进公益性捐赠的相关税收政策的建议。     

个人捐赠何以可为:慈善信息与组织信任的作用机制研究

捐赠作为慈善事业发展的基石,对社会发展和社会的良性运行具有重要意义。本文在实证调查基础上,运用OLS回归方法分析了慈善信息、组织信任与个人捐赠行为三者之间的关系。研究发现:慈善信息的获取对捐赠行为具有积极影响,其中通过新兴媒介获取慈善信息的影响远远大于通过传统媒介获取信息的影响;慈善信息的获取不仅直接影响个人的捐赠行为,而且可以通过慈善组织信任度这个中介变量间接影响个人捐赠行为。     

网络捐款模式探究

近年来,网络和慈善事业飞速发展的,网络捐款凭借快速、方便的特点,已逐渐成为重要的捐款途径。本文通过对网络捐款基本模式进行分析,发现其存在信息发布分散、监管缺失、信息反馈缺乏针对性等问题。针对上述问题,借鉴第三方B2C电子商务模式,提出了第三方网络捐款模式并对其进行了详细介绍。     

企业异质性、自愿捐赠与商会的本质:一个假说

本文利用异质自愿捐赠模型扩展了商会本质的讨论。商会可以视为大企业内部治理与外部网络拓展相互替代的结果。异质性程度高的行业,商会较容易围绕"骨干"企业成长起来。企业规模越同质,自愿捐赠形成的商会规模趋于下降,随着企业数目增多偏离社会福利最优的程度也将越大。异质性条件下的商会网络的物理架构更偏向于星型网,进而,这将给商会的政治经济社会学意义评价带来困难。     

Guilt Appeals and Prosocial Behavior: An Experimental Analysis of the Effects of Anticipatory Versus Reactive Guilt Appeals on the Effectiveness of Blood Donor Appeals

This study investigates the effectiveness of guilt-arousing communication in promoting prosocial behavior. By analyzing the distinct effects of anticipatory versus reactive guilt appeals, we contribute to the discussion of guilt appeals as drivers of prosocial behavior, especially blood donation. Research on persuasive communication provides the theoretical basis of our study and we validate our hypotheses by means of two 2?×?2 factorial between-subjects designs. We find that anticipatory rather than reactive guilt appeals are more effective in generating prosocial action tendencies. Compared to noninformational reference group influences, messages endorsed by members of informational reference groups yielded more favorable attitudinal responses. Besides their significant main effect, two-sided messages reinforce the favorable impact of anticipatory guilt appeals. The study concludes with practical implications for nonprofit organizations and public blood donor services as well as avenues for future research.