企业业务流程再造的转变关键

企业要成功实施BPR计划,应该确立组织理论、改造方式、变革范围等3个关键转变的思路,才能有效地规避可能失败的风险。     

从酸刺村看宁夏南部山区人口发展问题

人口过快的增长是制约宁南山区经济发展的关键所在.科技扶贫是以人为本的扶贫,有利于经济发展和人口素质的提高.本文通过对宁南西吉县酸刺村的调查分析来论述宁夏南部山区的人口发展问题.     

浅谈成人高等教育的“劣币驱逐良币”现象

在成人教育发展过程中,由于个别高校不顾师资和办学条件,以牺牲教学质量为代价,片面追求办学规模和办学收益,由此形成的“示范效应”造成了成人教育的“劣币驱逐良币”现象.这种现象对成人教育发展的危害是十分巨大的,必须采取切实有效的措施予以纠正和规范.     

Endogenous Growth Cycles in Continuous Time

The endogenous dynamics of a closed constant returns multi-market economy are examined in which agents face downward sloping demand. The trigger for growth in this model is a technological change that warrants costly adjustment in input quantities by agents. In the resulting dynamic game, relative prices within markets remain constant. Consequently, all own price elasticities are constant. In markets characterized by lower cost of capital the unique outcome is collusion in which agents do not incur adjustment cost and there is no adoption of new technology. But in other markets a unique non-cooperative equilibrium exists in which agents do incur the cost of adopting the new technology. Only three specifications of adjustment costs are feasible. Output increases along an S-shaped time path with or without a non-explosive cyclical component.     

Cognitive Theory and Moral Behavior: The Contribution of F. A. Hayek to Business Ethics

This paper shows how business ethics as a concept may be approached from a cognitive viewpoint. Following F. A. Hayek's cognitive theory, I argue that moral behavior evolves and changes because of individual perception and action. Individual moral behavior becomes a moral rule when prominently displayed by members of a certain society in a specific situation. A set of moral rules eventually forms the ethical code of a society, of which business ethics codes are only a part. By focusing on the concept of "limited" or "dispersed knowledge" that underlies the cognitive approach, I show that universal ethical norms that should lead to defined outcomes cannot exist. This approach moreover shows the limits of deliberate rule-setting. Attempts to deliberately impose universal ethical rules on societies may turn out to be harmful for societal development and lead to an abuse of governmental power.     

Ethical Dilemmas in Performance Measurement

In this article we discuss the ethical dilemmas facing performance evaluators and the "evaluatees" whose performances are measured in a business context. The concepts of role morality and common morality are used to develop a framework of behaviors that are normally seen as the moral responsibilities of these actors. This framework is used to analyze, based on four empirical situations, why the implementation of a performance measurement system has not been as effective as expected. It was concluded that, in these four cases, unethical behavior (i.e. deviations from the ethical behaviors identified in the framework) provided, at least to some extent, an explanation for the lower than expected effectiveness of the performance measurement procedures. At the end of the paper we present an agenda for further research through which the framework could be further developed and systematically applied to a broader set of cases.     

Measuring the Implementation of Codes of Conduct. An Assessment Method Based on a Process Approach of the Responsible Organisation

More and more organisations formulate a code of conduct in order to stimulate responsible behaviour among their members. Much time and energy is usually spent fixing the content of the code but many organisations get stuck in the challenge of implementing and maintaining the code. The code then turns into nothing else than the notorious "paper in the drawer", without achieving its aims. The challenge of implementation is to utilize the dynamics which have emerged from the formulation of the code. This will support a continuous process of reflection on the central values and standards contained in the code. This paper presents an assessment method, based on the EFQM model, which intends to support this implementation process.     

教育创新与考试改革

加快教育制度创新,建立以人为本、适应学生多样化自主发展需要的教学管理体制,是当今教育改革的方向。本文在对"一页开卷"所引发的争议进行综述的基础上,阐明了"一页开卷"作为一种教育思想和考试理念创新的实践意义,指出"一页开卷"的改革必然会有一个逐步完善的过程。     

日本名门企业改革及其背景分析——日本版“企业支配”的确立

自90年代后半期起,日本的名门企业为摆脱平成萧条的困境,适应新时代的要求,陆续开始了以确立日本版“企业支配”为主的大改革。它们引进外部董事,展开OB、技术出身经营者经营,实行经营与执行分离,构建能力人事制度,推行IT融合战略,关注股东利益最大化,提价企业伦理。这次改革被称为“宣告传统型制造业大国的终结,向软件化水平先进的新制造业过渡的号炮”,背景复杂,值得研究与借鉴。     

“默示同意”：合理博弈与不完善制度——郑百文重组过程中表决规则的经济学分析

当主持者对表决方式有选择余地时,那么他会根据自己的偏好,直接或间接影响表决结果,这是无法避免的,是在现有制度下的一种合理博弈,是有效的。如果他本身就是博弈的一方,则更会充分利用这种影响。而主持人对议案内容的偏好是广泛存在的,不可能通过消除偏好来消除影响。但是如果加强民主和监督,使主持者的选择余地尽可能缩小,即他只能选择社会承认的最优的“公平”规则才符合他自己的成本－－收益平衡,那么这样就使个人的最优选择与社会的最优选择一致,提供了制度上的改进办法。而在未有更高程度的民主和更有效的监督制度之前,只能容忍在现有制度内的博弈行为。所以,只有通过进一步加强民主和健全法制,进行表决规则的制度建设,才有可能得到更优化和更真实的表决结果。