Moderating effect of capital intensity on the relationship between leverage and financial distress in the U.S. restaurant industry

During the recent and ongoing economic turmoil, countless businesses have been facing financial distress and many have filed for bankruptcy. This issue is especially critical for the restaurant industry due to restaurants’ sensitivity to economic fluctuations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the financial distress issue in the U.S. restaurant industry. In particular, the study examines a moderating effect of capital intensity on the relationship between a firm's leverage and degree of financial distress. The dataset includes publicly traded U.S. restaurant firms during the period 1990–2008. The study measures the degree of financial distress by modified Z-scores, and findings suggest a positive moderating effect of capital intensity on the relationship between leverage and financial distress.     

西方职业生涯成功研究现状及展望

西方职业生涯成功的研究主题主要集中在3个方面：一是职业生涯成功的衡量标准;二是职业生涯成功的结构与机制;三是职业生涯成功的管理保障。西方职业生涯成功的研究虽取得了丰富的成果,但受时代与环境变化的影响,也面临众多的问题。本文基于近年来的文献,分别从以上3方面介绍西方职业生涯成功的研究进展,分析了研究中存在的问题,最后总结了未来的研究方向。     

公司治理与财务困境关系研究综述

财务困境也称财务危机或财务困难,是公司治理中应注意避免发生的问题。从理论的角度分析公司治理与财务困境的关系,并从股权结构、董事会特征、经理层激励等方面回顾国内外学者对公司治理与财务困境关系的研究,发现公司治理结构对财务困境有着显著影响。     

高职大学生职业生涯规划的误区及纠正策略

随着高等职业教育的不断发展,高职教育为各行业的一线岗位输送了大批应用型、实践型人才.从职业生涯规划的视角把脉这一群体,发现存在自卑心理普遍、职业意识不强和择业目标不明确等诸多误区,剖析误区背后的深层原因,提出正确归因、设置合理的目标体系、及早进行职业规划等建议对策,以期提升高职生的就业率和职业发展能力.     

我国中小企业财务困境的原因及对策分析

中小企业作为我国企业的重要组成部分，提供了大量就业机会，创造了巨大的社会财富，但由于存在财务控制不严、资泰结构不舍理、融资困难、缺乏管理经验和危机意识、财务人员素质不高、领导法制意识淡薄等方面的问题，使得中小企业经常陷入财务困境甚至破产。因此，中小企业必须采取有效措施来促进自身的发展。     

Tourism occupations,career profiles and knowledge

This paper summarizes the approach and main findings of a research study undertaken by the Tourism Society into occupations, career profiles and knowledge requirements of professionals engaged in tourism. It outlines the main stages in the research program, including the identification of a body of knowledge about tourism, the development of an occupational classification, and a survey of professionals employed in tourism. It then presents and comments on findings covering occupational classifications, career profiles and knowledge requirements, making particular reference to the implications for tourism education. The study is very much a pioneering work in this field and it is confined to the experiences of the United Kingdom.     

Sound Money and Sound Financial Policy

Anna Schwartz has long promoted a policy of stable money. She also has advocated sound financial policy. The financial environment, according to her work, is strongly influenced by the degree of aggregate price stability. In this article historical evidence for the U.S. is presented that shows a strong association between aggregate price movements and measures of financial distress. Even in an environment of aggregate price stability in the face of shocks, however, a monetary authority should follow the financial policies of a lender of last resort as advocated over a century ago by Walter Bagehot—to promote adequate funds to allay the public's demand for means of payment in the face of a real financial crisis. Other circumstances involving asset market reversals that Schwartz calls pseudo crises should not be the subject of the monetary authorities' actions.     

差序式领导何以促进员工职业成长？职业呼唤的调节作用

随着社会经济的发展,个体更加重视职业生涯体系建设,领导行为这一影响员工职业生涯发展的组织因素被越来越多地探索.基于自我决定理论和个体?情境交互理论,本文探讨了差序式领导对员工职业成长的作用机制.采取三波次时跨一年的问卷调查,收集了432个有效研究样本.实证研究发现:差序式领导正向影响员工职业成长;差序式领导通过组织自尊和工作重塑对员工职业成长产生正向影响,即组织自尊和工作重塑在差序式领导和员工职业成长关系间具有多重中介作用;职业呼唤能够调节组织自尊和职业成长的关系,职业呼唤对工作重塑和职业成长的正相关关系同样发挥调节作用;职业呼唤正向调节组织自尊和工作重塑的中介作用.     

Career Patterns of Supply Chain Executives: An Optimal Matching Analysis

This exploratory study analyzes the careers of 307 supply chain executives (SCEs). Motivated by career theory, our findings create new knowledge about the educational backgrounds and career paths that lead to SCE positions. Based on an optimal matching analysis, we are able to distinguish among six career patterns for SCEs. They differ in terms of the individuals’ previous professional experience, educational background, and the time they needed to arrive in an executive position. By characterizing the backgrounds and career paths of SCEs, we show that supply chain management (SCM) is truly a cross‐functional profession. Our findings suggest that previous staff responsibility appears to be a more important hiring criterion than extensive SCM experience. While 56% of the executives had prior staff responsibility, only 12% of the cumulated careers were actually spent inside the SCM function.     

Exploring supportive and developmental career management through business strategies and coaching

The shift toward individualistic career management requires a supportive and developmental career approach. Using coaching practices as a manifestation of such an approach, this study reports on coaching and other career practices that are part of supportive and developmental career management in a Belgium sample (n = 154). Three other types of career management were identified as well. Supportive and developmental career management was most present in organizations that had a past or current prospector strategy, and was the least present in past or current defenders. The type of business strategy organizations indicated to pursue in the future did not have an influence on the type of career management they currently had. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.