Paradoxical side effects of green advertising: how purchasing green products may instigate licensing effects for consumers with a weak environmental identity

Abstract

Research into green advertising has mainly investigated how green appeals can enhance product attitudes, sales, and brand image. But what happens after people have purchased a ‘green’ product advertised in a green ad? In two experiments, we show that purchasing a green product may have paradoxical post-purchase effects, such that it may lower intentions to engage in subsequent environmentally friendly behaviour (a so-called licensing effect). Importantly, our results show that these post-purchase effects are moderated by environmental identity: only people with a weak environmental identity show these paradoxical post-purchase licensing effects, people with a strong environmental identity are more likely to continue behaving in an environmentally friendly way.     

Workplace Marginalization: In the Group but Out of the Loop

New-entry employees expect to be involved rather than to be marginalized. This paper proposes a model to examine the process through which employees can be exempt from marginalization in their organization as a “political arena.” We argue that an employee, in order not to be marginalized, would like to perform high-quality in-role and extra-role behaviors and also develop good guanxi with his/her immediate supervisor. Moreover, the effects of employee efforts and guanxi on workplace marginalization are moderated by the organization political climate. Two studies were performed to examine the hypothesized model. The pilot study employed a sample of civil servants to develop and validate the measurement of workplace marginalization. The main study collected matched data from 343 employees, 662 of their colleagues, and 343 immediate supervisors. Results of hierarchical linear modeling analysis show that employee job performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and supervisor-subordinate guanxi are negatively related to workplace marginalization. In addition, the negative relationship between guanxi and workplace marginalization is stronger in firms with less organizational politics than those with intensive politics.     

民营企业职业经理人的生存环境和角色认知

由于复杂的市场环境,民营企业发展大多经过了特殊历程,民营企业家也由于其自身和环境的原因,有着独特的价值观念和视角,在股权相对集中的民营企业中,企业对职业经理人是一种阶段性的利用,老板与职业经理人的关系实际上是一种各取所需,各自为了前程和事业的利益关系。职业经理人往往只是民营企业主在智力和能力上的补充,而不是企业经营管理的主宰。职业经理人只有正确认知并认同自己的角色,充分发挥协调能力,恪尽职守,对自己的职位负责,做到股东利益第一,不介入股东之间的矛盾,才能在民营企业中逐步适应并求得生存和发展。     

Are Corporate Career Development Activities Les Available to Female Than to Male Expatriates?

Despite the growing interest in female expatriates, few empirical studies have focussed on corporate career development activities available to women. Given the faltering corporate support for female business expatriates in general, one may presume that such organizational activities are less available to women than to men. To test this proposition, a large number of Western female and male business expatriates assigned to Hong Kong responded to a mail survey. Controlling for differences between the two gender groups, three significant gender differences were found, all indicating a lower availability of these corporate activities to women than to men, partially supporting expectations. These corporate career development activities were fast track programs, individual career counseling and career planning workshops. Implications of these findings for globalizing firms as well as for their female employees are discussed in detail.     

组织职业生涯管理对知识员工的影响研究

组织职业生涯管理作为企业激励人才、留住人才的重要手段,在我国还没有引起足够的重视。本文以知识员工的需求特征为出发点,运用组织支持理论分析了组织职业生涯管理对知识员工的心理和行为可能产生的影响。     

旅游安全标识系统的概念、特征、功能价值及设计管理研究

安全是人类生存和发展最基本的前提条件。旅游安全标识系统作为旅游公共服务系统的重要组成部分,在旅游安全防范、旅游安全教育、旅游资源保护等方面起着非常重要的作用。从旅游安全标识系统的概念、特征、功能价值及设计管理等方面入手,对旅游安全标识系统进行理论探讨,以更好地发挥旅游安全标识系统的功能和效益,为旅游业科学健康、安全有序的发展提供富有价值的管理载体。     

试论中职院校的就业指导课程体系的建设

各类学校扩招导致毕业生增加,就业压力日益增大,因此学生就业指导工作的重要性日益明显。如何为他们在就业过程中提供帮助、指导、培训,如何让他们更好地走进社会,为自己找到准确的职业定位,这些都是学生就业指导课程需要深刻思考的问题。     

民办高职思政理论课建设的新理念：以学生职业生涯可持续发展为本

民办高职院校思想政治理论课建设,应确立起以学生职业生涯可持续发展为本的理念。这不仅是＂以人为本＂教育理念的体现,与高校思想政治理论课教学目标具有内在统一性,而且反映了职业教育的本质要求,更有助于民办高职人才培养目标的实现。     

品牌同一性概念辨析

品牌同一性与品牌识别是两个不同的概念。品牌同一性是品牌识别的起点,品牌识别是定义品牌同一性的目的。品牌同一性和品牌形象、品牌标识、品牌个性、品牌定位等概念既有联系又有区别。     

大学生择业倾向调查:性别与学历的比较

ZHANG Xiu-mei;LIU Hai-tao(Jiamusi University,College of Science,Jiamusi 154007,Heilongjiang,China)