The impact of cognitive age on Internet use of the elderly: an introduction to the public policy implications

Despite the growth of the Internet, one area that has not really been discussed is the elderly's use of the Internet. Given the rapid growth of this population as well as the potential the Internet holds for them, it is a subject worth consideration. However, seniors cannot be defined simply by their chronological age, but by their cognitive age. This paper discusses the impact of cognitive age of a national random sample of American elderly consumers on their Internet use. The results suggest that those seniors with a younger cognitive age use the Internet more than those seniors with an older cognitive age. Additionally, seniors with a younger cognitive age have more social contact off‐line (but not online) than those seniors with an older cognitive age. Finally, in terms of demographic variables, chronological age is positively associated with cognitive age and women report a younger cognitive age than men. These results suggest that for policy makers interested in increasing the participation of seniors, they can utilize the Internet to reach those who are younger in terms of cognitive age; however, they will not be able to reach all seniors in this manner and they need to utilize the Internet as a complementing media to their traditional communication sources.     

Three approaches to teaching business ethics

The question on what the purpose of teachingbusiness ethics should be, never fails todivide opinion. In this article three basicpositions taken with regard to this questionare distinguished. They are the cognitivecompetence, the behavioural competence and themanagerial competence positions. Once the coreof each these positions has been identified,the ontological presuppositions underlying eachof them is retrieved. It is then argued thatthese three positions and their accompanyingpresuppositions should not be regarded as rivalpositions, but as complementary approaches inteaching business ethics. Finally the teachingstrategies required by each of these threepositions are discussed.     

文本·隐喻·认知：灯谜的认知语言学研究

灯谜作为中国文学的样式之一,具有悠久的历史和研究价值。从认知语言学的角度来看,汉语灯谜文本中蕴涵着特有的隐喻手法,包括语音隐喻、拟形隐喻、语义隐喻和语法隐喻。对汉语灯谜的认知是灯迷制作者、猜射者、迷面、迷目和迷底五个方面因素动态综合作用的过程,是“五位一体”的认知机制。     

行为金融述评：渊源、定位与在中国的研究

由于标准金融学的理性人假设和有效市场假说的缺陷,行为金融以心理学和行为学为基础,提出有限理性和非有效市场,来解释金融市场的异象,这是对标准金融学的强有力挑战。标准金融学和行为金融学之间的差异是研究目标不同。标准金融学描述经济个体的最优决策行为,而行为金融描述的是真实决策行为。文章综合了国内外的研究文献,对行为金融的渊源和定位作出综述,并提出目前行为金融的研究框架内容和在中国的研究展望。     

Requirements for Skill,Training and Retraining in the Mexican Food and Drink Industry

The Mexican food and drink industry has been producing for a more standardized consumer market. The influence of North American and European habits on Mexican traditional habits is very strong, and this population is rapidly coming to be part of the global market. The traditional Mexican foods and drinks are being processed by Mexican and American companies, including new formulas of low calories of healthy diet At the same time, the changes in the food and drink industry requires training in the management of the new biotechnologies and the aspects of business administration and vocational-technical education, in order to increase their competition with its processed products in the internal and also the international markets, through efficiency and quality.     

国土空间系统认知理论与规划改革构想

研究目的：提出国土空间系统认知理论以及完善空间规划管理体制,创新空间规划协调机制,重构空间规划编制框架的构想,探索统一编制、部门落实、层次清晰、功能明确、上下衔接的空间规划体系。研究方法：创新空间系统认知理论,借鉴国际空间规划经验与理念,结合中国空间规划改革试点实践,梳理已有空间规划研究成果,系统提出空间规划管理体制、协调机制、编制体系创新路径。研究结果：(1)设立空间规划委员会,搭建统一的规划组织和协调平台,建设完善空间规划信息云平台、规划专家数据库、规划法律体系和执法系统等功能性平台,探索建立“空间规划统一编制,分部门落实”的规划管理新模式;(2)创新空间规划职能协调机制,跨部门、跨区域、跨行政层级协调机制和空间规划与公民权利协调机制,提出协调不同行业、不同区域和行政层级以及不同规划主体之间空间利用冲突的新思路;(3)按照国家“一级政府、一个规划,一张蓝图”的总体要求,提出国家、区域、县域三级空间规划编制体系,分别突出其空间保护、空间协调和空间管制功能,搭建“全国规划重保护,区域规划谋发展,县域规划促落实”的国土空间管护新制度。研究结论：空间规划体系改革的核心在于全面提升空间系统认知能力,创新规划思维和体制机制,建议群策群力、协同攻关,立足试点实践,借鉴国际经验,强化自主创新与集成,加快完善空间规划理论、技术、制度、法律体系,为构建“美丽、和谐、繁荣”的国土空间大格局提供支撑。     

Understanding sustainable development flexibility: An information perspective

Although flexibility has been considered critical in responding to uncertainty in a business environment, few studies have explored firms' flexibility in sustainable development. To understand the nature of firms that can respond better to uncertainty in their sustainable development practices, this study defines sustainable development flexibility and investigates the mechanism underlying its formation. The study proposes a conceptual framework on the interactions of managers' environmental attitude and cognitive style, as well as firms' information integration on sustainable development flexibility. A questionnaire survey was developed to test the corresponding hypotheses, and 241 valid responses were received from middle- and top-level managers in Chinese firms. The results show that (a) the higher the manager's environmental attitude, the higher the firm's information integration and greater sustainable supply chain flexibility, and (b) the more intuitive the manager's cognitive style, the greater the impact of environmental attitude on sustainable development flexibility.     

轻度认知障碍的危险因素

轻度认知障碍是指介于正常衰老与阿尔茨海默病之间的过渡阶段,有轻度的记忆力损害,但其他功能保持完好。文章对轻度认知障碍的危险因素进行综述。     

船舶应急操纵状态下人的可靠性分析方法

根据影响船员人因可靠性的因素,构建船舶应急操纵状态下人因可靠性评估指标体系;然后通过借鉴CREAM方法的分析思想,构建船舶应急操纵状态下的人员可靠性评估模型。最后,将此方法应用于某运营于国际航线的干散货船舶进行应急状态下船舶操纵人因可靠性分析,分析结果表明该方法简单易行,结果合理,很适合于当前评估船舶应急作业状态下的人因可靠性。     

核心-边缘理论在区域旅游规划中的运用

核心－边缘理论为区域旅游规划提供了建构区域旅游空间结构系统的认知模型。运用这种空间结构模型，在进行旅游资源的区域整合，景区土地利用功能配置与都会城市旅游圈层构造，以及促进区域旅游联动发展方面可取得满意的实践成果，核心与边缘地区应该是一种平等竞争，优势互补，合作互嬴的空间关系，发展核心，带动边缘，是区域旅游发展的重要战略兴措，发展中地区要注意培育旅游核心区，形成旅游创新活动基地，带动边缘区域发展，壮在整个区域的旅游竞争力。