数字经济、个体能力与农民工工资差异——基于正规就业与非正规就业的多层模型分析

数字经济的技术偏向使其红利产生群体偏向,从而通过个体能力对劳动者工资收入的差异化影响形成并作用于群体的工资差异。从正规就业与非正规就业视角,采用2018和2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据,以农民工为样本,运用多层线性模型分析发现：正规就业农民工比非正规就业农民工具有更高的人力资本及个体能力（认知和非认知能力）,加上劳动力市场存在分割及就业歧视,导致正规就业农民工的工资较高;认知和非认知能力的增强不仅能促进农民工工资增长,而且能强化数字经济的工资增长效应;数字经济发展对正规就业农民工具有更强的工资增长效应,进而会扩大正规就业与非正规就业农民工的工资差异,其中存在“数字经济发展—非认知能力差异扩大—工资差异扩大”的传导路径,但认知能力差异的中介效应不显著。Oaxaca-Blinder分解结果也显示,地区数字经济和个体能力差异都是两类农民工工资差异的来源。因此,在大力发展数字经济的同时,要更加关注数字红利边缘群体的发展,积极帮助非正规就业农民工等弱势群体提高认知能力和非认知能力,并加快构建全国统一的劳动力市场,不断弱化和消除就业歧视。     

Breaking the frame: an analysis of strategic cognition and decision making under uncertainty

This paper reports the findings of two experimental investigations into the efficacy of a causal cognitive mapping procedure as a means for overcoming cognitive biases arising from the framing of strategic decision problems. In Study 1, final year management studies undergraduate students were presented with an elaborated strategic decision scenario, under one of four experimental conditions: positively vs. negatively framed decision scenarios, with prechoice vs. postchoice mapping task orders (i.e., participants were required to engage in cognitive mapping before or after making a decision). As predicted, participants in the postchoice mapping conditions succumbed to the framing bias whereas those in the prechoice mapping conditions did not. Study 2 replicated and extended these findings in a field setting, on a sample of senior managers, using a decision scenario that closely mirrored a strategic dilemma currently facing their organization. Taken together, the findings of these studies indicate that the framing bias is likely to be an important factor in strategic decision making, and suggest that cognitive mapping provides an effective means of limiting the damage accruing from this bias. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基因、认知能力与家庭金融决策——基于文献的分析

基于文献分析发现,基因会影响认知能力,认知能力则从多方面影响家庭金融决策,家庭金融决策又在一定程度上影响经济繁荣。经济繁荣的方式不同,会给自然环境、社会环境带来不同影响,这又会影响基因转录从而影响基因质量。所以,由现代科学文献来看,基因这种人类生理特征与经济发展之间有着密切而重要的关系,其中,认知能力和家庭金融决策是重要的纽带。这不仅有助于加深经济学家对于人类偏好形成的理解,改善金融市场模型,还为经济学家从基因代际传递质量、认知能力水平、家庭金融决策水平、自然和社会环境状况视角预测经济增长、经济波动以及社会发展方向奠定了理论基础。     

认知网中感知时间和功率控制的联合优化机制

针对认知无线网中为了最大化认知用户的吞吐量问题,提出了一种感知时间和功率控制的联合优化机制。该机制保证认知系统在低于一定干扰限制下,将认知用户吞吐量描述成为一个多约束优化问题,从理论上分析了最优功率分配方案与最优感知时间分配方案。根据理论分析结果,设计了联合迭代机制通过确定合适的感知参数从而达到最大化认知用户吞吐量的目的。仿真结果表明：提出的联合优化机制复杂度较低,并且该方案的认知吞吐量性能最接近理论最优方案的性能。     

频控阵特征及应用前景综述

频控阵是近年来提出的一种新体制阵列技术。与传统相控阵不同的是,频控阵通过在不同通道附加很小的频偏,使其波束图在远场成为随位置、角度和时间变化的函数。频控阵这种新波束的特征产生许多新的功能,具有很多独特的应用优势和广阔的发展应用前景。首先介绍了频控阵发展历程和基本原理,然后分析了频控阵技术实现难点,最后指出了频控阵可能的应用和发展方向。     

大学生对互联网金融的认知和使用调查分析——以温州市高校为例

本文以温州市高校大学生为调查对象,通过设计问卷,统计分析了他们对互联网金融的认知和使用情况,得出了大学生对互联网金融的认知有待深入、互联网金融产品的使用范围较窄等结论。     

The impact of affective and cognitive antecedents on negative word-of-mouth intentions

Negative word-of-mouth (WOM), defined as derogatory information disseminated from person to person and aimed at defaming a product, highlighting a product complaint, and/or highlighting unsatisfactory service experiences, influences consumer behavior and can harm a company’s image. The present study was conducted to ascertain the impact of affective antecedents (negative emotions) and cognitive antecedents (distrust) in the intent of negative WOM. A proposed theoretical model was employed to analyze the effect that perceived injustice had on negative WOM and how this effect was mediated by emotional and cognitive aspects. The research was a pre-experimental design – one treatment leading to one observation – with 252 students. Through an OLS regression and mediation analyses, we found an indirect link between perceived injustice and negative WOM intent, which was mediated by negative emotions and distrust. Contributing to the field of marketing studies, this paper fills an investigative gap regarding affective and cognitive antecedents as mediators of negative WOM. The results suggest that marketing managers should create mechanisms to allow consumers to express their negative emotions and rebuild their trust in order to avoid the spread of negative WOM.     

认知方式差异与英语阅读的因材施教

个体差异是影响教学活动的一个重要因素。在学习过程中共性和个体差异之间寻求一种合理、有效的途径一直是教学研究的重要内容。教师应了解学生的认知方式及其特点并因势利导,以提高学生英语阅读能力。     

Exploring new product portfolio management decisions: The role of managers' dispositional traits

Product strategy links to new product development (NPD) through new product portfolio management (NPPM). This dynamic decision process addresses the strategy implementation questions of identifying which new product ideas to pursue and their relative priorities. Despite the importance of NPPM in implementing product strategy, firms exhibit substantial performance-affecting differences. We investigate one potential source for such differences by examining the impact of managers' dispositional factors as a possible explanation. Using a case study research method, we examine differences in NPPM strategies and managers' revealed dispositional traits across three divisions of a single conglomerate firm operating in different business-to-business markets. Based on our analysis, we offer propositions relating managers' dispositions to NPPM strategy: analytic cognitive style is associated with balance, ambiguity tolerance is associated with strategic fit, and leadership style is associated with the relative weights applied to each dimension.     

Destination image differences between visitors and non‐visitors: a case of New York city

This note discusses the influences of previous visits on tourists' destination images. The cognitive and affective images of New York City (NYC) appear to change in certain directions after visiting. The results also found that city images have a significant influence on tourists' visit intention. However, previous visits to NYC did not play any moderating effect between destination images and visiting intention. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.