Agent-Based Facilitation of Water Allocation: Case Study in the Drome River Valley

The purpose of the 1992 French Water Act is to encourage negotiation and dialogue among local stakeholders within a framework which is very similar to a patrimonial approach. Potential use of models in such post-normal approaches is analyzed. Two kinds of models are compared: one is agent-based, the other follows a more classical approach. They are compared according to their contributions as negotiation support tools. This comparison is based on a specific collective decision process dealing with water allocation at the sub-basin scale, in which authors are involved. Both are used to support collective decision processes through simulation of resource use dynamics. Agent-Based Models entail the broadening of spatial information of actors in the process, revealing inter-connected topics not taken into consideration earlier. This makes it possible to remain relevant, despite the sometimes rapidly evolving stakes. The central point of this paper is the implementation, within a practical application, of theories advocating the use of ABM as a collective decision support system. This application promotes a better understanding of the kind of support ABM provides and the way it does so. This is brought about more by re-framing the discussion and modifying the representation of the system on the part of the stakeholders than by providing specific agreements.     

The Decomposition of the Corporate Body: What Kant Cannot Contribute to Business Ethics

Kant is gaining popularity in business ethics because the categorical imperative rules out actions such as deceptive advertising and exploitative working conditions, both of which treat people merely as means to an end. However, those who apply Kant in this way often hold businesses themselves morally accountable, and this conception of collective responsibility contradicts the kind of moral agency that underlies Kant’s ethics. A business has neither inclinations nor the capacity to reason, so it lacks the conditions necessary for constraint by the moral law. Instead, corporate policies ought to be understood as analogous to legal constraints. They may encourage or discourage certain actions, but they cannot determine a person’s maxim – which for Kant is the focus of moral judgment. Because there is no collective intention apart from any intentions of the individual agents who act as members of the corporation, an organization itself has no moral obligations. This poses a dilemma: either apply the categorical imperative to the actions of particular businesspeople and surrender the notion of collective responsibility, or apply a different moral theory to the actions of businesses themselves. Given the diffusion of responsibility in a bureaucracy, the explanatory usefulness of collective responsibility may force business ethicists to abandon Kant’s moral philosophy.     

农村土地集体所有制对劳资关系形成的积极影响及启示

农村土地集体所有制作为一种"普照的光",使中国劳资关系形成跨越了残酷的原始积累阶段,避免了劳资关系发展初期易发的尖锐冲突,使中国劳资关系伴随着工业化城市化进程协调发展。社会主义公有制不仅需要而且可以与市场经济相结合,并使市场经济的作用得到有益发挥。必须坚定不移走社会主义道路,积极发挥社会主义基本制度的优势,更好更快地推进中国现代化进程,实现中华民族伟大复兴。     

市民化过程中土地退出 问题与制度改革的新思路

本文认为市民化过程是一个综合性的、全局性的系统工程,仅仅依靠户籍制度改革是不能解决问题的,还必须同步推进土地制度改革。本文从农村集体成员定义角度提出了解决土地制度改革和户籍制度改革的新思路。本文的观点是,把静态集体成员变为动态的集体成员,就能同时解决市民化过程中农村的衰落和农民工有偿退出承包地的双重困境。     

虚拟团队交互记忆系统对团队绩效的影响!——任务复杂性的调节作用

利用对45个虚拟团队的调研数据,通过相关分析和回归分析,探讨了虚拟团队的虚拟性对交互记忆系统的影响、交互记忆系统的各维度对团队绩效的影响及任务复杂性对两者间关系的调节作用。研究结果显示:虚拟团队的虚拟性和交互记忆系统之间存在相关关系;虚拟团队交互记忆系统的3个维度(专长度、可信度和协调度)对团队绩效具有较强的预测作用;任务复杂性对交互记忆系统与团队绩效的关系产生负向调节作用。     

享年次高的诺贝尔奖得主——新制度经济学大师罗纳德·科斯

1991年诺贝尔经济学奖得主、英国和美国(双重国籍)经济学家和法学家罗纳德·科斯是交易成本理论、科斯定理和科斯猜想的首创者,法律经济学和新制度经济学的开山鼻祖,产权理论和产权经济学的奠基人,他开启了产权理论、法律经济学和新制度经济学三个领域的研究方向。科斯是国际经济学界的泰斗级大师和巨匠,他在阐述经济组织产生的原理、交易成本分析以及推动法学、经济史和组织理论的发展方面作出重要贡献,发展了新古典经济学,开创了现代企业理论。科斯一生都关切和热爱中国,一直密切关注着中国的经济改革,其经济理论和深邃思想对中国的经济改革影响巨大而深远。     

Unconditional distributions obtained from conditional specification models with applications in risk theory

Bivariate distributions, specified in terms of their conditional distributions, provide a powerful tool to obtain flexible distributions. These distributions play an important role in specifying the conjugate prior in certain multi-parameter Bayesian settings. In this paper, the conditional specification technique is applied to look for more flexible distributions than the traditional ones used in the actuarial literature, as the Poisson, negative binomial and others. The new specification draws inferences about parameters of interest in problems appearing in actuarial statistics. Two unconditional (discrete) distributions obtained are studied and used in the collective risk model to compute the right-tail probability of the aggregate claim size distribution. Comparisons with the compound Poisson and compound negative binomial are made.     

人民币汇率收益率及收益波动率长记忆性特征研究

论文利用经典R/S分析法和ARFIMA模型对人民币汇率收益率序列及收益波动率序列的长记忆性进行了研究。结果表明人民币汇率收益率及收益波动率均存在长记忆性,且波动率序列的长记忆性特征明显强于收益率序列。     

基于利益相关者集体选择的企业所有权形成机理推演

企业所有权形成是利益相关者集体选择的结果，需经历两次集体选择过程。第一次集体选择是所有社会成员对“企业”这种经济主体所有权共识的普选过程，即宏观层面选择，其结果是形成对所有企业所有权都具有约束力的法律、法规或者规章制度等；第二次集体选择则是在第一次集体选择形成的正式规则框架下，由特定企业的利益相关者对特定企业所有权所进行的集体选择，即微观层面选择，其结果是形成多样化的所有权结构。