Policy aspects of driver support systems implementation: results of an international Delphi study

Driver support systems are generally assumed to contribute to public traffic goals. However, much uncertainty exists about their future: technology development, market introduction and impacts on driver and traffic behaviour. An international Delphi study, collecting expert opinions on these issues, is describe this paper. In three rounds opinions were collected from 50 experts from USA, Japan and Europe. The article focuses on market introduction, driver behaviour, general barriers and policy options.     

Control-based optimization approach for aircraft scheduling in a terminal area with alternative arrival routes

This paper presents an optimization approach for dynamically scheduling aircraft operations and supporting air traffic controllers in both determining and implementing operationally feasible landing and departure times at an airport. The mixed integer linear programming model proposed incorporates air traffic control infrastructure in terms of route network, introduces the concept of alternative approach routes and is designed to generate an output that can be converted into effective advisories for executable flight commands. It shows reasonable computational times for obtaining the optimal solution and delay reductions of up to 35% with practical size instances from Sao Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport.     

Hazmat facility location and routing analysis with explicit consideration of equity using the Gini coefficient

This paper develops a model to analyze facility location and routing decisions in the context of hazardous materials transportation. A novel aspect of this model is the explicit consideration of equity using the Gini coefficient, an established computation to evaluate equity. To solve the model, we develop a method that combines Lagrangean relaxation with column generation and illustrate that method using a realistic case study. We present a case study of hazardous material railway transportation with consideration of social horizontal equity categorizing the population by household income.     

农村外出子女通讯联系能改善父母精神健康吗

通讯联系在维系家庭亲情关系中扮演着重要角色,而现代通讯技术逐渐成为代际间沟通的主要方式,可能会对父母的精神生活与福利产生重要影响.本文在农村子女持续外流和现代通讯技术快速发展的背景下,基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS) 2013年和2015年数据,从理论和实证两方面深入分析农村外出子女通讯联系对父母精神健康的影...     

Marketing’s role in multi-stakeholder engagement

In 2019 the CEOs of more than 180 of the largest U.S. firms signed a statement of corporate purpose indicating that corporations are responsible for providing economic benefits to all stakeholders, not just shareholders. Although stakeholder theory states that there are several stakeholders (internal and external) whose continuing participation affects a firm’s sustainability and long-term profitability, the marketing literature has focused primarily on customer engagement. This research argues for a broadened focus by marketing scholars and introduces a stakeholder engagement framework based on a triangulation approach including a systematic review of marketing research from a stakeholder perspective, the results of a survey of 254 editorial review board members from top marketing journals, and business case examples. The framework identifies three dimensions of firms’ stakeholder engagement strategies (stakeholder recognition, support, and dialogue) linked to stakeholder responses (stakeholder contribution to the firm or retaliation) that ultimately influence firm performance (financial, reputation, and risk). Two core propositions of multi-stakeholder engagement provide a foundation for a detailed future research agenda for marketing.     

逆作法钢管柱后插法钢套管与液压千斤顶组合定位施工技术

为解决大直径超长钢管柱后插精准定位施工存在的问题,对钢管柱施工定位进行研究。通过采用全回转钻机安放钢套管,起钻进护壁和千斤顶回顶时的支撑作用。针对大直径钢管柱灌注桩身混凝土后插施工,采用在钢管柱中下部设置4个对称的液压千斤顶回顶护壁钢套管,并根据在柱顶实时超声波仪的偏差检测数据,进行定位协同测控调节,达到施工速度快、定位精度高、综合成本低的效果,形成相应的施工技术。     

谁更有利于中国的农村减贫——基于财政支农、城镇化两类途径的实证研究

借助中国省际动态面板和静态面板模型探讨财政支农与城镇化对农村减贫的影响,研究发现：中国的农村减贫得益于财政支农工具与城镇化战略的交互协同效应,但城镇化进程对农村减贫的促进效益更强;财政支农投入中的扶贫性投入和就业城镇化、空间城镇化更有利于东部地区农村脱贫,而综合性开发支出和人口城镇化水平则在中西部地区更具农村减贫的拉动效果;虽然我国的农村贫困存在明显的"棘轮效应",但随着财政分权、农业经营规模和农村医疗教育及技术水平的提高,农村贫困发生率会得到相应抑制。     

儒家文化与人的精神支柱的构筑

精神支柱是青年人成长进步的基石和现代化建设的精神动力。儒家文化是中国人构建精神支柱的渊源。要继承传统文化的优秀成果,摈弃它与时代相悖的方面,以构筑我们今天的精神家园。     

政府财政支持对企业R＆D投入的激励问题研究——基于委托代理框架的博弈分析

委托代理关系下的信息不对称使得政府面临着企业R＆D投入的博弈难题。基于对博弈动机的分析,政府财政支持与企业R＆D投入的博弈过程可分为事前不完全信息博弈和事后不完美信息博弈两个阶段,其中事前博弈是通过建立收益矩阵来讨论双方的策略选择,事后博弈是政府在约束条件下设计契约合同来激励企业遵守承诺,刺激R＆D支出。分析表明,当创新型企业的信号成本较低,或者原始创新与二次创新的R＆D补贴率差别明显时,企业具有较大的积极性进行逆向选择,而且,政府对创新型企业的税率优惠幅度随着企业的努力成本增大而降低。因此,政府需要通过加强人力资本的投资力度、建立健全监督问责机制、完善政府与创新型企业的契约合同、完善知识产权保护法等措施来降低博弈成本,提高R＆D的投入产出率。     

金融支持煤炭资源型城市经济升级转型探析——以陕西韩城市为例

2012年以来,受国内经济下行压力、替代能源和进口煤炭等因素影响,全国煤价持续下跌,煤炭资源型城市亟待升级转型.本文以韩城市为例,分析了煤炭产业对煤炭资源型城市经济的影响及金融支持煤炭资源型城市增强可持续发展能力、加快结构调整和产业升级利弊因素,并有针对性的提出了金融支持煤炭资源型城市经济升级转型的对策建议.