Measuring Production and Irrigation Efficiencies of Rice Farms: Evidence from the Punjab Province,Pakistan

We employ a non‐parametric approach, data envelopment analysis, to estimate the technical and irrigation efficiency of rice farms in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. We use a cross‐sectional dataset of 80 rice growers, including 45 tube‐well owners and 35 water buyers. Mean technical efficiency scores show that tube‐well owners and water buyers are operating at fairly high efficiency levels, indicating that access to technology is not a major constraint. However, irrigation inefficiency is pronounced, with water buyers being more inefficient than tube‐well owners. A bootstrap truncated regression is used to investigate the determinants of technical and irrigation efficiency. We suggest that groundwater management policies should be designed to address efficiency enhancing factors such as knowledge of crop water consumption requirement, better credit opportunities, outreach extension services and training programs.     

高速公路路面裂缝的养护模式初探

本文结合某省高速公路实际状况,针对高速公路养护过程中出现的一系列新问题,着重阐述了高速公路早期裂缝养护的重要性,并对养护模式改革进行简要的探索。     

Performance implications of knowledge and competitive arousal in times of employee mobility: “The immutable law of the ex”

This article elaborates on extant literature on employee mobility by focusing on how the movement of personnel between competitors affects their competitive positions. Our mixed‐methods study of 402 head‐to‐head encounters from the English Premier League (2000–2005) reveals that transferred players improve the performance of the recipient team in head‐to‐head encounters against the donor. We also provide evidence that competitive arousal, as triggered by anger and pressures for proving loyalty to the recipient organization, as well as knowledge of the donor team's routines, explain the superior performance of transferred players. These results question the traditional view that organizational routines are not transferable through employee mobility. They also move beyond a prior emphasis on the negative effects of emotional states such as anger and competitive arousal, highlighting how these can occasionally be beneficial. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

新形势下如何做好电力系统通信工作

文章论述了做好电力系统通信工作应具备的条件、目前电力企业及电力系统通信工作情况、电力系统通信工作的主要方法,并针对目前电力企业存在的主要问题,提出了做好电力系统通信工作的相应对策。     

“以医促养”还是“以养促养 ”:医疗保险与养老金的健康绩效比较

CLHLS2014年数据的结构方程模型估计结果显示,养老金收入能显著提高老年人的主观健康,并且主观健康还能显著增进生理健康。路径模型进一步检验发现养老金能通过显著改善受访者的居住条件、水果摄入量、及时就医、经济状况等途径来提高老年人的生理健康。而医疗保险支出与老年人主观健康、生理健康之间都呈显著负相关关系。相比医疗保险支出,养老金能带来更正面更积极的健康绩效,且促进老年人健康的途径更为丰富。实证结果说明,相比“以医促养”,“以养促养”的老年人健康绩效更优。本文建议我国从以疾病治疗为中心转为依托养老金购买养老服务,提高老年人生活质量的健康保障体系。     

Note on the applicability of the VCG mechanism to capacitated assignment problems and extensions

For the allocation of heterogeneous items, it is known that the buyers-are-substitutes condition is necessary and sufficient to ensure that a pricing equilibrium can yield the same allocation and payments as the VCG mechanism. Furthermore, concavity of the corresponding transferable utility TU-game guarantees that this VCG outcome can also be achieved by an ascending price auction. We show that concavity, and hence the buyers-are-substitutes condition, holds for the TU-game of the assignment problem with general capacities. Therefore, the VCG mechanism is supported by a pricing equilibrium which can also be achieved by an ascending auction. We also show that the buyers-are-substitutes condition, and hence concavity, does not hold anymore for very natural and straightforward extensions of this problem. This shows that the necessity of the substitutes property is a considerable restriction on the applicability of the VCG mechanism.     

论市场的上层组织及其功能

论文认为市场的上层组织的建立既是成熟市场经济体制的标志,也是发展中国家和转型国家市场化进程中的一个"坎".市场上层组织具有生产性、风险转移和前瞻性三大功能,而有效率的产权制度和法治化社会是建立市场上层组织的两个基本条件.     

天津市商贸流通领域电子商务发展条件及对策分析

本文分析了天津商贸流通领域电子商务发展现状,包括现实基础和面临的问题,借鉴国内外电子商务发展经验,结合天津商贸流通领域电子商务建设,提出了若干发展建议。“十二五”期间,商贸流通领域电子商务的快速发展,必将在创新商务模式、降低商务成本、整合商务资源、开拓市场、健全产业链、带动创业就业等方面发挥作用,促进发展方式转变,从而实现经济社会又好又快发展。     

Chinese dietary culture influences consumers' intention to use imported soy‐based dietary supplements: an application of the theory of planned behaviour

The over‐saturated dietary supplement (DS) market in developed countries such as the US spurs the need for foreign market expansion, and the Chinese market provides a great potential for the foreign soy‐based DS industry. This study examined Chinese consumers' intention to use imported (US‐made US‐brand) soy‐based DS based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Two alternative models were also examined in which Chinese dietary culture variables, including soyfoods favourability and dining‐out sociability, as well as their interactions with attitudes, were integrated into the TPB model. A cross‐sectional, self‐administered survey was conducted with a sample of 215 subjects (137 females; 78 males) in Shanghai, China. The TPB variables attitude, subjective norm, perceived behaviour control and behavioural intention, as well as the Chinese dietary culture variables: soyfoods favourability and dine‐out sociability were measured. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the three models. The statistical results indicated that all three models were statistically significant to predict intention (Model 1: R² = 0.473, P < 0.001; Model 2: R² = 0.505, P < 0.001; Model 3: R² = 0.525, P < 0.001). The results also showed that attitude, perceived behavioural control, and dine‐out sociability were significant (positive) determinants of intention. Soyfoods favourability acted a significant (negative) moderator of the relationship between attitude and intention. Subjective norm had no significant impact on intention. In conclusion, the TPB model was useful to predict Chinese consumers' intention to use imported soy‐based DS, but not all the TPB components weighed significantly in exploring DS consumption in China. The selected Chinese dietary culture variables were much more important predictors than subjective norm. This study makes a significant contribution in the application of the TPB model and in market strategy development for imported dietary supplements in China.     

数据库在汽车产品数据管理中的应用

文章通过汽车产品数据结构、产品数据信息分类、产品数据维护策略分析汽车产品数据管理理念,阐述数据库在汽车产品数据管理中的应用,并介绍产品数据管理系统界面信息。