Retail career attractiveness to college students: Connecting individual characteristics to the trade-off of job attributes

This study examines how U.S. business college students evaluate the attractiveness of potential job opportunities by making trade-offs among important job attributes. Using a conjoint approach, we examine the relative importance of industry type, starting salary, five-year salary, training, benefits, and work-life balance in job choice decisions. We also examine the effects of job applicants' career expectations and core competencies on their job choice determinants. An analysis of 162 business students' evaluations of 27 job profiles indicates that five-year-salary outweighs all other attributes. Their career expectations and core competencies have a substantial influence on their ensuing job choice. We suggest recruitment strategies to target recent college graduates with consideration of individuals' different career expectations and core competencies.     

保险公司诉讼与诉讼预期相关性研究

近年来我国保险诉讼案件增势不减,有的历经一审、二审,有的还要再审。从媒体披露的结果看,保险公司无论作为原告还是被告,似乎都是胜少败多。本文通过对北京某人寿保险股份有限公司2005年～2008年诉讼、诉讼预期数据的实证调研,探讨保险公司诉讼预期是否实现及实现程度,在此基础上提出更理性、更具可操作性的建议。     

Corporate bond market interdependence: Credit spread correlation between and within U.S. and Canadian corporate bond markets

This study investigates the correlation and interdependence between and within the U.S. and Canadian corporate bond markets. The empirical framework adopted allows credit spreads to depend on common systematic risk factors derived from structural models and incorporates dynamic conditional correlations (DCC) between spreads. Results show that there is a surprisingly weak correlation between the two markets in normal times. However, during crises, there is a sudden and strong increase in the correlation between U.S. and Canadian credit spreads. The analysis of credit spread correlation within each market also shows an unusual increase in credit spread correlations between sectors and between risk classes in the U.S. during the 2007–2009 global financial crisis. This increase persists over the post-crisis period. By contrast, in Canada, credit spread correlations between sectors remain remarkably stable over time, suggesting an interdependence of credit spreads within the Canadian market.     

How entrenched managers beat earnings expectations before and after SOX

This study investigates the relationship between managerial entrenchment and how firms meet or beat earnings forecasts. It further examines whether this relationship changes before and after the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX). We find that, in the pre-SOX era, entrenched managers meet or exceed analyst forecasts more often than their unentrenched counterparts when analysts’ initial forecasts are high. This is mainly due to the drop in analysts’ consensus rather than earnings management. These results nearly disappear in the post-SOX era.     

The house price determination process: Rational expectations with a spatial context

Applying the rational expectations hypothesis, this essay models the current value of a house as the conditional expectation of the discounted stream of housing services accruing to the owner of the house. The value of housing services is determined by neighborhood effects as well as the physical attributes of the property itself. In the existing hedonic literature, future transactions have not been utilized to describe neighborhood effects. The rational expectations asset pricing model in this study accounts for expected future neighborhood effects as well as observed current neighborhood effects. The reduced form of the rational expectations model is a spatial autoregressive (SAR) model with two spatial lags. After employing the generalized method of moments (GMM) in estimating the spatial asset pricing model, I find that both expected future transactions and prior transactions in the neighborhood are significant. The inclusion of expected future transaction prices in the neighborhood takes into account the influence of expected changes in the community and factors these potential changes into the current house price. This is consistent with forward-looking households. The forward-looking model generates superior out-of-sample prediction performance relative to both the conventional hedonic model without considering neighborhood effects or the standard spatial hedonic model including only past transactions.     

投资者的异质预期对IPO抑价的影响

针对IPO抑价中的有意抑价和无意抑价问题,运用行为金融理论,在以机构投资者利益最大化推导出机构投资者需求函数的基础上,研究了散户和机构投资者的同质和异质预期对IPO抑价的影响,并进行抑价进行比较分析。研究表明:机构投资者具有有意抑价的激励;当机构投资者与散户对新股价值不存在分歧时,IPO抑价中只有有意抑价,而无无意抑价;当机构投资者与散户对新股价值存在分歧时,分歧越大,IPO抑价越高,而抑价中的有意抑价不变、无意抑价增大。     

ON TWO APPROACHES TO COHERENT RISK CONTRIBUTION

We compare two approaches to the coherent risk contribution: the directional risk contribution is defined as where ρ is a coherent risk measure; the linear risk contribution ρ^l(X; Y) is defined through a set of axioms, one of which is the linearity in X . The linear risk contribution exists and is unique for any ρ from the Weighted V@R class. We provide the representation for both risk contributions in the general setting as well as in some examples, including the MINV@R risk measure defined as where X₁, … , X_N are independent copies of X .     

汇率变动与贸易余额——基于政策干预和预期因素的模型分析和实证研究

文章重点讨论了政策干预下的汇率走势,以及预期因素作用下进口商和消费者的行为模式,在假定马歇尔—勒纳条件成立,汇率变动完全传递给贸易品价格的条件下,研究了汇率变动和贸易余额的关系。认为在政策干预和汇率走势形成稳定预期的条件下,汇率升值不但不能减少贸易逆差,反而扩大贸易逆差,反之反是。文章通过一系列实证检验和对比研究,发现上述作用机制在2005年7月至2008年6月的中美贸易中能够较好地成立。     

战略联盟组织的稳定性、组织治理与信用约束机制

本文运用博弈论的分析框架分析了战略联盟组织不稳定性的原因在于战略联盟组织的中间组织性质所导致的战略联盟组织对机会主义行为约束的弱化,进而揭示了战略联盟组织稳定的关键在于组织内成员的博弈支付结构和博弈者对未来的预期。在此基础上,从组织治理结构的角度提出了稳定战略联盟组织应建立有效的信用约束机制的结论,阐述了这一机制的目标和内容,并针对我国战略联盟组织所面临的问题提出了相应的对策。     

基于资本管制下的汇率预期与贸易收支的实证研究

本文基于我国资本管制的现状,将汇率预期变量引入贸易收支决定的模型中,对我国贸易收支的影响因素进行实证分析,发现人民币汇率预期与我国贸易收支相互影响,人民币升值预期促使贸易顺差扩大,而顺差扩大又进一步加剧升值预期,形成累积效应,因此,在当前金融危机在全球不断扩散,市场对人民币出现贬值预期的背景下,应采取积极的措施以防止投机资本通过贸易渠道撤离,从而避免对我国贸易收支和宏观经济稳定产生不良影响。