香奈儿品牌形象对消费者购买意愿的影响分析

中国消费者为现阶段全球最大的奢侈品消费群体。自香奈儿进入中国市场以来,因其高贵、优雅、简约的设计风格受到中产阶级以上女性消费群体的欢迎和喜爱。在奢侈品行业中,品牌形象作为企业重要的无形资产,成为了品牌竞争的另一领域。基于上述背景,论文以“香奈儿品牌形象对消费者购买意愿的影响分析”为选题,以贝尔模型为研究基础,使用问卷调查法获取数据,运用SPSS 19.0统计软件对数据进行处理分析,并结合消费者行为学相关理论,研究品牌形象的不同变量对于消费者购买行为产生的影响。     

价值链成本管理模式在高新技术制造业的应用

随着高新技术制造业的不断发展,作为技术密集型的高新技术制造业对于成本管理的标准越来越高。企业竞争不只是某个环节的竞争,确保每个环节的成本控制、提高整个价值链的综合竞争力才能使企业拥有更强的竞争力。基于价值链的成本管理模式成为企业提高市场竞争力的一大利器。论文分析了价值链成本管理模式的理论和特征,以及现今理论的应用和结果,提出使用新型成本管理模式所要面临的困难与挑战,并对此提出部分建议。     

绿色维修技术在汽车处理中的应用价值

随着我国经济的快速发展,人们的生活质量得到改善,汽车保有量逐年递增。汽车修理工作的重要性日益突显,甚至成为影响社会发展的主要因素。在汽车修理工作中,一是要合理选择汽车维修技术;二是要重视汽车的危害因素,如环境污染。所以工作人员应该合理应用绿色维修技术,减少污染问题的出现。论文主要阐述在汽车处理中绿色维修技术的应用价值,仅供参考。     

Are gold,USD, and Bitcoin hedge or safe haven against stock? The implication for risk management

This study investigates whether gold, USD, and Bitcoin are hedge and safe haven assets against stock and if they are useful in diversifying downside risk for international stock markets. We propose a combined GO-GARCH-EVT-copula approach to examine the hedge and safe haven properties of gold, USD, and Bitcoin. We then examine the attractiveness of these assets in reducing stock portfolio risk by using downside risk measures estimated by the proposed approach and other competing models. We also evaluate the relative performance of the proposed model in reducing downside risk with the competing models. The findings of the study indicate that the USD is the most valuable hedge and safe haven asset closely followed by gold, while Bitcoin is the least valuable. It is also observed that the proposed combined approach performs best in reducing the portfolio downside risk. The findings of this study are of significance for portfolio managers and individual investors who wish to protect the portfolio value during market turmoil.     

Using technology to improve the management of development impacts on biodiversity

The mitigation hierarchy (MH) is a prominent tool to help businesses achieve no net loss or net gain outcomes for biodiversity. Technological innovations offer benefits for business biodiversity management, yet the range and continued evolution of technologies creates a complex landscape that can be difficult to navigate. Using literature review, online surveys, and semi-structured interviews, we assess technologies that can improve application of the MH. We identify six categories (mobile survey, fixed survey, remote sensing, blockchain, data analysis, and enabling technologies) with high feasibility and/or relevance to (i) aid direct implementation of mitigation measures and (ii) enhance biodiversity surveys and monitoring, which feed into the design of interventions including avoidance and minimization measures. At the interface between development and biodiversity impacts, opportunities lie in businesses investing in technologies, capitalizing on synergies between technology groups, collaborating with conservation organizations to enhance institutional capacity, and developing practical solutions suited for widespread use.     

Socioeconomic predictors of forest use values in the Peruvian Amazon: A potential tool for biodiversity conservation

Conservation is a crisis discipline requiring rapid action with limited funds. This study examines the potential of socioeconomic variables to predict forest use values. If natural resource use can be predicted from socioeconomic data, conservation planners could rapidly identify and focus conservation programs on the sectors of local populations that most intensively utilize local flora and fauna. Families in three communities in the northern Peruvian Amazon were surveyed over a 6-month period. Data were collected on use of flora and fauna from six locally determined use categories (food, medicine and poisons, wood, weavings, adornments, and “other”) in forest types of three age classes (fallow fields—very young forests, young secondary forests, and old secondary forests). Forest use values were the dependant variables calculated in $/ha/year. Socioeconomic variables included: age, education, family size, residence time, land worked, land owned, number of fishing nets, chickens, pigs, cows, and/or mules owned (all proxies for productive assets), and level of ecological knowledge (ability of informants to correctly identify forest species and answer basic questions about their biology). Ordinary least square multiple regressions were run independently for each forest type. Regressions were also run separately for the two most valuable use categories, food and wood. Low R² adjusted values (all < 0.3) reflect the difficulty in predicting human behavior due to confounding variables and complex interactions. Residence time and a household's community of residence were the most significant predictors of forest use values. Households in Vista Alegre, the community with the highest density of people and smallest landholdings per household, extracted the highest value of forest products per hectare. The longer a family stayed in any community the higher the value of forest goods they extracted. If families that lived in an area longest are the most intensive extractors of forest products, they should be a major focus for conservation programming. In addition, the higher value of products extracted from forests by some families may make them more open to strategies seeking to protect long-term viability of the resources they utilize. The importance of residence time also indicates that planners need to account for changes in the resource use patterns of stakeholders over time.     

客户知识的关键维度及其管理过程

客户知识成为企业维持持续竞争优势的关键资源。理解客户知识的内涵和关键维度是企业进行客户知识管理的前提和基础，论文结合不同行业企业的实践经验，提出客户知识应包括四个关键维度：用于客户的知识、来自客户的知识、关于客户的知识和共同创造的知识，并针对每个雏度分析了企业当前运用的管理方法，基于此．界定了客户知识管理的概念，构建了客户知识管理的过程模型，为企业有效进行客户知识管理提供参考。     

Is capital a collusion device?

Summary. We examine how irreversible capital reduces the possibility of a duopoly to sustain implicit collusion by grim strategies, when the product is homogenous and firms compete in quantities. Compared with the case of reversible capital, there are two countervailing effects: Deviation from an existing collusion is less attractive, because capital once installed causes costs forever. But the punishment will also be less severe due to the high capacity the deviating firm can build before punishment starts. The last effect dominates, meaning that the commitment value of capital is negative for all firms. If capital is irreversible, collusion breaks down for realistic magnitudes of interest rates. Received: April 30, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2001     

Preferences in the Future

Environmental economics has been much occupied with the discount rate, which is the value of future costs and benefits relative to present costsor benefits. But at least as important is the question of whatshould be discounted, that is, what the value of those future environmentalbenefits is to future generations. This paper analyzes the role for futurepreferences and discusses the state of knowledge. I argue that theappropriate discount rate is the market one, and that the real problemis determining future willingness-to-pay. This approach makes clearerthe connection between discounting and the valuation debate.This paper focuses on two features that have been prominent in that debate:existence value and reference dependence. I argue that thereis a vital connection between the two constructs and that this link yieldsimportant implications for future willingness-to-pay.