国有企业法人治理结构初探

文章认为,国有企业改革是中国经济体制改革的重点、热点和难点,其中关于国有企业法人治理结构问题无论在理论还是在实践上更引人关注,国有企业法人治理结构是国有企业现代化企业制度得以建立的核心,是国有企业组织机构现代化、法治化的关键,而目前我国国有企业法人治理结构存在诸多缺陷,如股权过度集中、董事会运作失范、监事会监督机制弱化、对企业经营者激励不足、约束不力等等,建立科学合理的法人治理结构已经迫在眉睫了。     

西方公司治理模式的比较及其在我国的选择

文章首先从公司治理的理论渊源及其内涵入手,进而论述了西方发达国家两种不同的公司治理模式并对其进行了比较,在此基础上,笔者结合我国的具体国情,借鉴西方公司治理的经验,认为我国公司治理模式的最佳选择是利益相关者模式。     

美英德日银行公司治理比较

本文通过对美英德日银行公司治理的比较，发现治理的目标的一致性，即通过发挥管理和监督功能，来实现公司价值的最大化或股东价值的最大化。但由于法律制度、资本市场、政治体制的差异，各国银行公司治理结构模式又不尽相同。本文试图在进行比较研究的基础上，为我国银行改善公司治理提供启示和借鉴。     

Capital Mobility, Agglomeration and Corporate Tax Rates: Is the Race to the Bottom for Real?

Based on a data set for 19 OECD countries for the period 1981–2001,we estimate the impact of FDI on corporate tax rates, wherechanges in FDI are a measure for changes in capital mobility.So far the literature has been concerned with the related butrather different question as to the sensitivity of FDI to taxrates. Our article takes an opposite perspective and asks whatthe impact of capital mobility is on corporate tax rates. Indoing so, we explicitly take the role of agglomeration intoaccount. In theory, core countries can afford a higher tax ratecompared to peripheral countries. In our estimation strategy,we instrument capital mobility to deal with reverse causality.The main conclusion is that increased international capitalmobility, measured by FDI flows, implies a lower corporate taxrate. But we also find that agglomeration matters: core countrieshave a higher corporate tax rate than peripheral countries.If there is a race to the bottom, it seems that it is more realfor some countries than others. (JEL code: H25)     

The effects of internal and external sources of justice on employee turnover intention and organizational citizenship behavior toward clients and workgroup members

Abstract

Organizational justice research tends to focus on the effects of fair treatment from organizations or supervisors on employee attitudes and behaviors. Thus, there is a dearth of research on the effects of fair treatment attributable to other parties that employees interact with at work such as coworkers and clients. Controlling for organization-focused and supervisor-focused justice, results from our field study of employees working in a healthcare organization demonstrate that perceptions of client-focused fairness uniquely predicts supervisor ratings of employees organizational citizenship behavior toward clients and that perceptions of workgroup-focused justice uniquely predicts organizational citizenship behavior toward workgroups. Further, we find that client-focused justice perceptions uniquely predict employee turnover intention.     

All in the family or public? Law and appropriative costs as determinants of ownership structure

We examine how the legal protection of outside shareholders and the appropriative costs that they induce influence the incentives for private firms to go public. A higher degree of protection of shareholders can increase the appropriative costs associated with the conflict between managers and shareholders. To counteract this effect the managers/owners increase the share of the firm they retain so that, overall, higher protection of outsiders increases the likelihood of going public. In addition, we examine how the share of funds raised used to finance the firm affects both appropriative costs and the decision to sell.For helpful comments we thank participants at the conference on Corporate Governance at UC Irvine (February 2002), seminar participants at the Athens University of Economics and Business, and worskshop participants on the New Organization of Labour at the 2002 CESifo summer Institute in Venice. Skaperdas gratefully acknowledges support from a grant for Research and Writing from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.     

论法律制度对公司治理的影响

文章认为良好的公司治理是现代市场经济和金融市场健康运作的微观基础,研究治理具有重要意义,由于公司治理是公司自治和法律规制的统一,法律有介入公司治理的必要,鉴于公司治理的法律环境包括外部和内部法律环境,文章针对我国目前公司治理法律环境的现状提出了完善对策。     

公司创业理论的演化背景及其理论综述

20世纪90年代以来，在国际化和强调创新的新竞争环境中，公司创业理论已经成为战略管理研究和创业学研究的前沿课题之一，也是公司实践中的热点话题。但众多复杂的原因使公司创业理论的研究形成了异常庞杂的体系、流派、甚至相互冲突的观点，这往往使涉足该领域的研究者们望而却步。本文分析总结了公司创业理论的演化背景，从公司创业的研究范畴、定义、研究内容、研究范式等方面梳理、总结了公司创业理论的发展脉络与最新研究现状，以期有助于我国公司创业理论的研究。     

公司治理的均衡分析

治理公司的目的在于实现治理收益的最大化。笔者结合对内、外治理机制的分析,提供一个关于公司治理收益最大化的均衡模型,并指出实现这一收益最大化的可能途径。通过对国际上有代表性的公司治理模式及其运营效率的比较,以及对日本和德国公司治理最新动向的考察,我们认为,公司外部治理及其机制非常重要。     

企业文化变革的制度透视与经济学分析

本文从新制度经济学的视角出发，把企业文化视为非正式制度，以其基本理论为基础，对企业文化内涵及其变革进行了分析和研究，为企业文化变革提供了理论依据。