森林资源价值核算中重复计算的经济学讨论

森林资源价值核算是国内林业经济学界重要的研究领域之一,但有些核算结果言过其实,得不到社会的广泛认同。理论上的原因在于,现有核算所依据的经济学基础庞杂而混乱,导致了大量的重复计算。从混淆成本与收益、功能与效益、总收益与边际收益、中间产品与最终产品、直接收益与间接收益等8个方面揭示导致重复计算的理论误区,并提出基于森林的绿色GDP核算中应注意的问题。     

Constructing a legitimate history: crisis,legitimacy, and the atlantic schools of Business Conferences

The Atlantic Schools of Business (ASB) conference is one of the longest running academic business conferences in Canada. It continued without the structure of an organizing committee for 34 years. In its 35^th year, however, a formal structure was adopted. The adoption of formal structure provides an opportunity to look critically at the change process from various perspectives. This paper takes three interrelated approaches: reviews of archival material to provide context; surveys of ASB membership to ascertain individual perceptions of the organization's purpose; and interviews with key individuals involved in the change process to examine the decision to formalize. Our analysis shows that perceived organizational crisis and a search for enhanced legitimacy can precipitate isomorphism and exclude alternative avenues for change. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Error or absurdity? A non-cognitive approach to commodity fetishism

Abstract

Karl Marx presented his theory of commodity fetishism as an explanation of the mysterious appearance of social relations in a system of commodity production as natural phenomena. The standard interpretation of this as a failure to perceive capitalist social relations correctly depends on a particular modern sense of ‘natural’. If classical political economy and Marx used ‘natural’ in the Aristotelian sense, commodity fetishism appears quite differently: not as a cognitive error but rather as a manner of living under commodity production, one that is not wrong but absurd, the word fetishism tying commodity production to pre-Enlightenment, preliterate peoples.     

哈耶克诘难、权威转变与经济成长:中国分权式改革的逻辑

中国的分权式改革一定是做对了什么才产生了我们见到的经济奇迹,那是什么呢?中国的分权式改革从事实上回应了哈耶克诘难,即信息和知识的分散性使得计划体制不可能实现其理想状态。通过经济上放权让利和政治上的集权,调动社会各阶层的能动性,使得权威和信息相匹配,形成了有效的层级分工创新体制,从而实现经济成长。由于分工的深化和经济活动的扩展,经济分权体现出必然性。在这一过程中,每一个分立的个体都凭借个体知识在分工体系中分享收益,因而实现了共享式的发展,从自由的角度看,个体的自由也得到了极大的扩展。如果要释放更多的经济增长潜力,进一步的改革是必需的。