A new millennium and a new Journal for Injury Control and Safety Promotion

Youth violence continues to be a serious and too prevalent problem in the United States. There is increasingly compelling evidence that the exceptionally high levels of mortality are linked to access to guns by youth. There is also evidence that youth violence occurs in multiple forms and that these differing forms call for different prevention strategies. Some youth violence is situational, some is best understood within its relationship context, some occurs as part of a predatory criminal activity, and some seems to be the result of serious psychopathology. This paper provides a review of the current understanding of the epidemiology of youth violence in the United States, applies a developmental-ecological perspective to risk, reviews the empirical support for differing prevention approaches, and suggests practice, research, and policy implications of this knowledge base.     

Bicycle-related injuries: Injury,hazard, and risk patterns

Abstract

This paper provides the results of a U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) study to determine the circumstances involved in bicycle-related injuries treated in U.S. hospital emergency rooms. It also includes information from a CPSC exposure survey of the U.S. population of bicycle users and their patterns of bicycle and helmet use. Together, these data were used to identify and evaluate risk factors currently associated with bicycle use in the United States

Risk models identified factors specifically associated with injuries to children and to adults. Children were at particular risk of injury, and appeared to be especially vulnerable to head injury. In addition, the risk of injury for children was significantly increased when riding in non-daylight conditions. For both adults and children, there was a higher risk of injury on streets than in such areas as bike paths or unpaved surfaces. While some problems associated with bicycle assembly, operation, and maintenance were observed, the data did not suggest that any mechanical remedy is likely to reduce injuries substantially.     

自动抠像技术与互动感应技术结合运用

在计算机信息处理技术快速发展的时代,我们通过现代计算机技术可以实现抠像技术、体感互动技术、图像实时处理技术的完美结合。既提高资源的利用效率,又增加了互动性、娱乐性。     

扭剪型高强螺栓和大六角头高强螺栓抗滑移系数试验的对比

扭剪型高强螺栓和大六角头高强螺栓均可运用于钢结构的连接。通过抗滑移系数试验发现在同一试验条件下,扭剪型螺栓因为预拉力值大可以获得更大的抗滑移载荷,从而提高钢结构连接的可靠性和安全性。此外,扭剪型高强螺栓在施工性能上也要优于大六角头高强螺栓。     

广东煤系地层公路边坡病害机理分析及防治对策——以京珠北高速K18+170～+275边坡为例

本文以京珠北高速K18+170～+275边坡为例,通过位移监测、理论分析、工程类比等方法对广东煤系地层的特点及病害机理进行了研究分析,并提出相应的防治对策,为煤系地层高边坡病害治理提供了可借鉴的工程经验。     

PLC在连铸坯火焰切割系统中的应用

本文介绍了PLC在火切机自动控制系统中的应用,通过合理的硬件选择和软件设计,达到了可以控制火切机的夹紧缸夹紧,割枪点火,切割及切割小车的返回等工作状态,可以实现自动化过程控制。     

对新时期高校选配教师担任兼职班主任的思考

高校教师是高等教育的主力军,加强和改进大学生思想政治教育是当前高等教育一项重要而紧迫的任务。要充分发挥广大高校教师教书育人的职能,要求全员参与教育,选配高校教师担任兼职班主任是新时期加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的有效手段和时代发展的需要,也是提升高校教师综合素质的需求和教书育人紧密结合的有效措施。     

乘用车前隔板总成零件设计开发概述

车身开发设计是整车开发设计工作的重要组成部分,文章通过介绍某车型白车身前隔板总成零件的开发过程,进一步探讨车身零件开发通用流程和规范     

CFG桩+泡沫混凝土解决软基桥头跳车的联合应用研究

为了减小路桥过渡段的差异沉降,缓解软土地区的桥头跳车问题,提出了一种采用CFG桩复合地基联合换填泡沫混凝土加固软基的方案。依托实际工程案例,采用有限元软件MIDAS GTS/NX建立了CFG桩复合地基工况模型与原始工况模型,检验了CFG桩复合地基的有效性,然后建立了CFG 桩联合台后换填泡沫混凝土方案的模型进行固结沉降分析,并验证了两者联合应用的优越性。研究结果显示：1）CFG桩复合地基对于软基的加固效果显著,其工期沉降比原始工况减少了18.32 cm;2）CFG桩复合地基加固软基时,台后换填泡沫混凝土使桥台与路面的台阶型差异沉降相较于台后普通路基填土工况减小了0.72 cm,对于桥头跳车问题的治理效果良好;3）模拟结果与工程实测沉降数据对比误差极小,说明了有限元模拟的可靠性。研究结果有效解决了常见的桥头跳车问题,方案具有更安全、环保、可靠的特点,可为软土地区的路桥过渡段工程提供一定的理论参考与借鉴。     

论司马光的理财思想

为了解决北宋时的财政危机,许多有识之士提出了增加财政收入以达到富国强兵的目的措施,其中司马光的理财思想较为典型。司马光的理财思想主要有:开源观即广开税源渠道,大力发展农业生产,发挥商品流通作用;节流观即减损浮冗省用之,节省冗费当自贵近为始;人才的任用观即任用称职的人才,注重人才的理财能力。司马光的理财思想可谓深刻精辟,至今仍有重要的参考价值。