INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS IN INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS

The analysis of income distribution (ID) has traditionally been of prime importance for economists and policy-makers. However, the standard input–output (I–O) model is not particularly well equipped for studying current issues such as the consequences of decreasing access to primary inputs or the effects of specific redistributive policies. This paper addresses this gap in the existing literature. We propose that IDs can excellently be studied by restructuring the I–O relations. A new coefficients matrix is defined, the so-called augmented input coefficients matrix. This matrix is the sum of the intermediate input coefficients matrix and newly constructed matrices of sector-specific input coefficients that represent the existing distribution of income. We show that shifts in the distribution can be modelled by attributing weights to these matrices and vary these according to system-specific rules. Numerical illustrations based on the existing literature are given throughout the paper.     

The existence of sampling designs with preassigned inclusion probabilities

Summary The question of the existence of a sampling design realizing given preassigned inclusion probabilities is treated. The question can be fully answered in the case of inclusion probabilities of first order. If the inclusion probabilities of second order are given it is shown why necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a corresponding sampling design can be derived only in very special cases.     

试论国有企业创新

针对当前企业标捉化工作缺乏整体性 ,从而难以发挥其基础作用和企业整体功能这一现象 ,本文结合企业实例 ,运用层次分析法对企业管理标准体系进行优化 ,使企业的标准化工作能在分清轻重缓急的条件下有序地开展 ,以强化企业基础工作、为现代企业管理理论和方法的应用提供必要的     

秩幂等矩阵的特征

如果n阶方阵A满足秩(A2)=秩(A),那么称A为秩幂等矩阵.利用线性代数的方法研究秩幂等矩阵的性质,得到了秩幂等矩阵的一些充要条件,揭示了秩幂等矩阵A的值域、核子空间与线性空间Pn的联系.     

标准化与矿产资源循环利用问题探讨

文章阐述了循环经济及循环经济的三个基本原则 (“3R原则”) ,论证了循环经济与传统经济的区别以及标准化在循环经济中的重要作用 ,提出了通过加强标准化工作 ,进一步推进循环经济发展的一些建议和相关的措施。如加快法规体系建设、采用国际标准和国外先进标准、加强标准化工作、信息化网络化建设等     

基于现代设计方法学的平面研磨机设计

针对现有大回转半径平面研磨机整机重、效率低的问题,采用现代设计方法学为指导,给出了平面研磨机的黑箱模型和整机功能的形态学矩阵,依据形态学矩阵设计了多工位、大回转半径平面研磨机系统方案,并讨论了主要的研磨参数.     

一阶常系数线性齐次微分方程组的两种解法

一阶常系数线性齐次微分方程组其中的求解,一般有两种解法。第一种,归结为求矩阵A的特征值和特征向量,微分方程组(1)的解的一般结构完全由代数问题的解所决定。第二种,归结为求矩阵A的Jordan标准形,从而可以写出,由其中为可逆矩阵,求出即为方程组(1)的解。     

SWOT分析法在职业生涯决策中的运用

人一生要变化多次职业，面临多次选择，因此很多人都会感到职业决策困难。本文介绍了现代企业战略管理中常用的SWOT分析法及SWOT矩阵的含义，论证了SWOT分析在个体职业生涯决策过程中运用的可行性，并且详细讲解了在职业生涯决策过程中使用SWOT分析的具体步骤，最后针对SWOT分析方法的不足提出了相应的对策。     

Estimation of the scale matrix of a multivariate t-model under entropy loss

This paper deals with the estimation of the scale matrix of a multivariatet-model with unknown location vector and scale matrix to improve upon the usual estimators based on the sample sum of product matrix. The well-known results of the estimation of the scale matrix of the multivariate normal model under the assumption of entropy loss function have been generalized to that of a multivariatet-model. The paper is based on the first author’s unpublished Ph.D. dissertation ‘Estimation of the Scale Matrix of a Multivariate T-model’, University of Western Ontario, Canada. Present address: School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.     

Economic Integration: Systemic Measures in an Input–Output Framework

Countries are linked through trade and for their mutual benefits they often group together. Consequently, trade blocs are formed in some form or another, examples of which are the EU, EFTA, ASEAN, NAFTA, and SAARC. Depending upon the form and the nature of the grouping, trade relations among countries obviously vary across the trade blocs. The pattern and the volume of trade of the participating countries are different and thus cause different impacts on the growth and development of the countries concerned. Also, the nature of integration changes over time. To examine the strength of integration within trade blocs, systemic measures of integration hitherto not available are formulated in an input–output framework. The measures are used, as a case study, to assess the inter-temporal variations in the degree of integration of SAARC.