情感计算与数字经济高质量发展的知识图谱分析

情感的识别和理解是类人智能机器的核心功能之一,并在数字经济高质量发展过程中发挥着愈发重要的作用。现阶段,针对人的情感做出智慧、灵敏、友好反应的计算系统正在多领域实现应用,计算机的拟人化程度不断提升,带来了人机共存社会交互模式的创新变革,形成了新的需求增长点,对经济社会发展产生了巨大的拉动作用。文中系统阐释情感计算与消费转型升级、制造业数字化转型、数字经济治理的关系。通过中国知网检索CSSCI期刊中关于“情感计算”与“数字经济”在2014—2021年发表的文献,发现近年来发文量呈现显著增长态势,研究的重心从核心技术驱动逐步转向应用场景驱动,更加侧重于问题导向和需求导向。从情感计算与数字经济高质量发展的内在逻辑出发,总结了通过情感计算技术和应用,有效促进中国数字经济高质量发展的政策建议。     

Decision analytics mobilized with digital coaching

The context to be addressed is the digitalization of industry and industrial processes. Digitalization brings enhanced customer relationships and value‐chain integration, which are effective instruments to meet increasing competition and slimmer margins for productivity and profitability. Digitalization also brings more pronounced requirements for effective planning, problem solving and decision making in an increasingly complex and fast‐changing environment. Decision analytics will meet the challenges from the growing global competition that major industrial corporations face and will help solve the problems of big data/fast data that digitalization is generating as a by‐product. A mantra is appearing in business magazines – that powerful, intelligent systems will be effective tools for the digitalization of industrial processes – but much less attention appears to be paid to the fact that users need advanced knowledge and skills to benefit from the intelligent systems. First, an effective transfer of knowledge from developers, experts and researchers to users (including management) will be needed; second, the daily use and operations of the systems need to be supported, as automated, intelligent industrial systems are complex to operate. We look at this transfer as knowledge mobilization and will work out how the mobilization can be supported with coaching; this coaching needs to be digital, as human coaches are both scarce and too expensive to employ in large numbers.     

Cloud computing in high tech startups: evidence from a case study

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on the implementation of cloud-based systems in startups to answer how and why hi-tech startups use cloud computing, an overlooked question to date. Thus, referring to an extended version of Ross and Blumenstein [2015. “Cloud Computing as a Facilitator of SME Entrepreneurship.” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 27 (1): 87–101] framework, encompassing issues of context and culture following Spanò et al. [2019. “Context, Culture and Control: A Case Study on Accounting Change in an Italian Regional Health Service.” Journal of Management and Governance. doi:10.1007/s10997-019-09458-0], we analyse cloud adoption in startup firms and rely upon a case study of an Italian hi-tech startup. The case study allowed us to tap into the main issues relating to cloud implementation that is increased opportunities, reduced costs, scalability, access to global markets, and access to international venture capital. The results offer interesting insights to the literature on cloud computing, and also have some managerial implications in that they better unfold the effects played by context and culture.     

Scheduling multimedia services in cloud computing environment

Currently, security is a critical factor for multimedia services running in the cloud computing environment. As an effective mechanism, trust can improve security level and mitigate attacks within cloud computing environments. Unfortunately, existing scheduling strategy for multimedia service in the cloud computing environment do not integrate trust mechanism when making scheduling decisions. In this paper, we propose a scheduling scheme for multimedia services in multi clouds. At first, a novel scheduling architecture is presented. Then, We build a trust model including both subjective trust and objective trust to evaluate the trust degree of multimedia service providers. By employing Bayesian theory, the subjective trust degree between multimedia service providers and users is obtained. According to the attributes of QoS, the objective trust degree of multimedia service providers is calculated. Finally, a scheduling algorithm integrating trust of entities is proposed by considering the deadline, cost and trust requirements of multimedia services. The scheduling algorithm heuristically hunts for reasonable resource allocations and satisfies the requirement of trust and meets deadlines for the multimedia services. Detailed simulated experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed trust scheduling scheme.     

STATISTICS IN THE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

This survey paper gives an impression of the main ways in which statistics is used in disciplines such as sociology and psychology. After an introductory section 1 the negative image of social science research is discussed in section 2. Section 3 is devoted to the enormous influence of modern computing facilities. Measurement of human behaviour has its specific problems (section 4). The use of linear and log–linear models is the topic of section 5. Latent variables are a basic concept for social and behavioral scientists, both in some linear models (section 6) and in item response theory (section 7). In the next section multidimensional and optimal scaling techniques are mentioned, and a selection of other topics is the content of section 9. Some general remarks on the generalizability claim of statistical methods constitute the final section. Because of space limitations and priority considerations, the author has decided to write a paper about topics and not about individual research contributions. For this reason there is no list of references (it would take several pages) and no painful split of all Dutch authors into those mentioned and those omitted. In general the Dutch research community has made quite a few major contributions to the area discussed in this paper.     

用ICT管理坦桑尼亚高等教育机构的海量信息

高等教育机构网络的计算环境有其独特性和复杂性,像坦桑尼亚这样的发展中国家,由于其社会经济问题,信息和通信技术(ICT)的发展水平还比较低,如何管理坦桑尼亚高等教育机构的信息是值得探讨的问题,中国高校的校园智能卡管理模式是一个可以借鉴的方法。文章探讨借鉴中国高校的信息化管理方法来实现坦桑尼亚高校管理的信息化。     

An optimisation method for complex product design

Designing a complex product such as an aircraft usually requires both qualitative and quantitative data and reasoning. To assist the design process, a critical issue is how to represent qualitative data and utilise it in the optimisation. In this study, a new method is proposed for the optimal design of complex products: to make the full use of available data, information and knowledge, qualitative reasoning is integrated into the optimisation process. The transformation and fusion of qualitative and qualitative data are achieved via the fuzzy sets theory and a cloud model. To shorten the design process, parallel computing is implemented to solve the formulated optimisation problems. A parallel adaptive hybrid algorithm (PAHA) has been proposed. The performance of the new algorithm has been verified by a comparison with the results from PAHA and two other existing algorithms. Further, PAHA has been applied to determine the shape parameters of an aircraft model for aerodynamic optimisation purpose.     

利用云计算建立进出口信息管理系统的探讨

本文建议国家相关主管部门建立基于云计算的进出口信息管理系统，按照国家对进出口信息系统管理的要求，将整个进出口企业、报关报检代理、海关、检验检疫、外汇管理部门、口岸办等各相关进出口职能部门的内部与外部数据库连接起来，随时掌握数据并实时更新，以利于进出口相关各个部门之间共享进出口的各项信息、密切合作，加强对进出口业务的管理，促进我国进出口贸易的发展。     

A survey of software adaptation in mobile and ubiquitous computing

Driven by the vast proliferation of mobile devices and ubiquitous computing, dynamic software adaptation is becoming one of the most common terms in Software Engineering and Computer Science in general. After the evolution in autonomic and ubiquitous computing, we will soon expect devices to understand our changing needs and react to them as transparently as possible. Software adaptation is not a new term though; it has been extensively researched in several domains and in numerous forms. This has resulted in several interpretations of adaptation. This survey aims to provide a disambiguation of the term, as it is understood in ubiquitous computing, and a critical evaluation of existing software adaptation approaches. In particular, we focus on existing solutions that enable dynamic software modifications that happen on resource constrained devices, deployed in mobile and ubiquitous computing environments.     

借金融云之力构建智慧城市和国际金融中心

智慧城市建设是加快推进上海实施＂创新驱动、转型发展＂战略的重要手段。本文在简要介绍上海推进智慧城市建设三年行动计划的基本目标以及云计算专项重点内容基础上,论述了构建金融云的重要意义、技术关键、对智慧城市和国际金融中心建设的作用,提出了相关对策。