Joint location-inventory problem with differentiated service levels using critical level policy

This paper analyzes the design of a distribution network for fast-moving items able to provide differentiated service levels in terms of product availability for two demand classes (high and low priority) using a critical level policy. The model is formulated as a MINLP with chance constraints for which we propose a heuristic to solve it. Although the heuristic does not guarantee an optimal solution, our computational experiments have shown that it provides good-quality solutions that are on average 0.8% and at worst 2.7% from the optimal solution.     

On the use of RFID in the management of reusable containers in closed-loop supply chains under stochastic container return quantities

This paper studies a closed-loop supply chain that uses containers for transporting products from a supplier to a retailer. At the retailer, used containers are collected and returned to the supplier. The supplier inspects returned containers, and either repairs and reuses or disposes them. This paper studies the case where the fraction of containers that are returned to the supplier is stochastic, and where an RFID system can be used to support the tracking of container positions in the supply chain. The use of RFID leads to improved information on the return of containers and better return predictability as well as higher return rates, which we model as an increase in the mean return rate of containers and a reduction in return variance. The paper first develops a mathematical planning model for this scenario, and it then studies how the use of RFID impacts the performance of the system. In addition, it analyzes under which conditions the use of RFID is economical, and in which situations traditional container systems should be preferred.     

浅析架桥机在工程施工中的安全技术应用

本文根据架桥机的结构特点和使用状况,分析引起危险因素的原因,提出预防事故发生要采取的安全措施和相应办法。     

业绩补偿承诺与分类转移盈余管理——基于借壳上市公司的经验证据

基于2009—2019年签订业绩承诺协议的借壳上市公司数据,检验以扣非净利润作为承诺条款的业绩补偿承诺对标的企业分类转移盈余管理的影响。研究发现,以扣非净利润作为盈利目标的标的企业在承诺期内存在明显的分类转移盈余管理行为,其中业绩完成率与分类转移盈余管理之间呈倒U型关系,高管控制能力起到了正向调节作用。进一步研究发现,标的企业在承诺期内可以通过分类转移盈余管理来调高公司的核心业绩水平;当以扣非净利润作为业绩承诺项目时,承诺期内的真实盈余管理与分类转移盈余管理之间存在替代效应。研究结论既可以拓展业绩补偿承诺经济后果和盈余管理影响因素的相关研究,也能够为监管机构规范重大资产重组中的业绩承诺和盈余管理行为提供政策参考。     

Political cost influences on income smoothing via extraordinary item classification

Until 1990, Australian managers could classify recurring gains and losses outside the normal operations of the firm as either operating or extraordinary items. The results of this study indicate that managers of companies with highly unionised workforces, and therefore subject to labour-related political costs, attempted to affect the probability of wealth transfers by smoothing reported net operating profit via the classification of those recurring gains and losses. The degree of management ownership is associated with classificatory smoothing but interest coverage is not, indicating differential contracting influences.     

装备经费预算项目优先级排序评价模型研究

针对装备经费预算编制工作中预算项目优选排序的难点问题,构建了装备经费预算项目优先级排序综合评价指标体系;基于灰色理论,设计了装备经费预算项目优先级排序评价模型。所建立的模型为装备经费预算编制工作提供了可行的决策技术方法,有效增强了装备经费预算编制的科学性、公正性和透明度。     

我国电子商务立法的几个前沿问题

电子商务对经济增长方式带来巨大变革的同时,也对传统社会关系下的诸多民商事、经济、行政以及刑事立法的调整提出了挑战。在新形势下,需要关注我国电子商务立法的前沿问题,及时作出立法指引。近些年,我国电子商务立法已经取得了初期成果,需要在此基础上,对我国电子商务交易基本环节的前沿立法空白作出补缺,关注电子商务个人信息保护、消费者权益保护、电子商务征税等发展中的空白问题,及时作出应对。     

应用动态规划优选投资项目方案

该文结合实例，主要讨论了层混型方案的决策问题，试图在分析传统解法的基础上，指出其存在的不足，并提出应用动态规划的方法来进行投资项目的优选。     

零售商价格折扣策略下的易腐产品报童模型研究

古典报童模型没有考虑易腐产品短周期的销售特点,基于价格折扣和销售时间限定因素该文研究了两级供应链中如何最大化零售商期望利润的问题。模型假设需求函数满足均匀分布,并引入需求价格弹性计算折扣下的订货量变化,利用迭代法求解最优折扣数量下零售商的最佳订货量。最后通过数值运算进一步讨论了易腐产品的需求价格弹性的影响因素。     

音视频类电子设备的确认检验项目探讨

针对音频、视频类产品的定期产品确认检验项目进行阐述,分别对实施细则所规定的七个项目的试验进行了试验方法探讨,探讨的内容分别为标记和使用说明、防触电保护的结构、接触电流测试、抗电强度和绝缘电阻试验、接地电阻试验、直插式电源适配器插头试验,并总结试验结果与判定方法。