我国财产保险公司范围经济效应的实证检验与真伪性分析

我国自1996年实施产寿分业经营以来,保险公司数量急剧增加,财险业务中车险的比重不断上升,呈现出“一险独大”的市场状况。运用超越对数成本函数,对国内20家具有代表性的财险公司2005-2012年的范围经济状况进行检验发现,以保费为基础的检验结果与以总资产为基础的检验结果存在着很大差异,意味着我国财险公司的范围经济效应存在着“真伪性”。对此,通过对财务数据、业务结构、业务规模等数据的分析,鉴别了我国财险公司范围经济效应的“真、伪”性。     

产业结构调整的收入分配效应研究--基于1998-2012年中国省际面板数据模型的分析

产业结构调整作为政府实现宏观发展战略目标的重要调控手段,具有显著的收入分配效应。构建产业结构调整对城乡收入差距影响机理的分析框架,利用中国30个省份1998-2012年的面板数据,运用联立方程模型和内生分布滞后模型,研究产业结构调整的收入分配效应,结果发现：由于产业结构调整与人力资本结构负相关,在即期会强化农村居民在就业市场中的弱势地位,扩大城乡收入差距;在长期,城乡居民根据产业结构调整重塑就业预期,通过调整人力资本投资结构、提升人力资本水平实现职业转换,第5年以后将出现农村居民收入增幅高于城镇居民的格局,形成乡城收入赶超效应,产生缩小城乡收入差距的正面效应。     

Consensus Among Economists—An Update

In this article, the authors explore consensus among economists on specific propositions based on a fall 2011 survey of American Economic Association members. Results are based on 568 responses and provide evidence of changes in opinion over time by including propositions from earlier studies in 2000 (Fuller and Geide-Stevenson 2003) and 1992 (Alston, Kearl, and Vaughan 1992). Propositions focus on microeconomics, macroeconomics, distributional and international topics, as well as pedagogy. Results indicate a movement toward an overall higher level of consensus, mainly because of a drop in the incidence of no consensus. Especially in the area of distributional propositions, economists display an increased concern with income inequality and potential effects on growth. In the area of macroeconomics, current opinions are more similar to those of the 1992 survey than the 2000 survey.     

The key role of intermediaries in Thailand's fresh food distribution system

New overseas retail formats have been entering emerging markets since the late 1990s. Accordingly, research on the advance of transnational retailers into emerging markets has recently flourished, and Thailand, one of the most popular host countries for transnational retailers, has often been examined as a case study. Many of these studies clarify the retail internationalization process and conclude that the new formats are driving the host countries' traditional distribution system toward a fundamental change. Although these studies consider the host countries' circumstances, they do not necessarily pay sufficient attention to specific characteristics of those host countries. In case studies of Thailand, the specific roles of intermediaries throughout the entire retail and distribution system are commonly overlooked. This paper argues that intermediaries continue to play an important role in Thailand's distribution systems, especially in the system of fresh vegetable distribution. This study first explains why earlier studies often attached less importance to the examination of intermediate distribution systems, despite the necessity of considering the roles of intermediaries for a deeper understanding of the impact of new retail formats on the host countries' distribution system as a whole. After discussing the key roles of intermediaries in Thailand's vegetable distribution system, this paper concludes that because modern retailers' involvement, particularly that of transnational retailers, at the agricultural production stage is still limited in Thailand, they often rely on intermediate distributors, such as local assembling wholesalers, coordinator-type intermediaries, and wholesale markets, for the intermediate distribution process.     

基于星上自适应FEC的卫星数据分发

为了解决卫星数据分发系统中雨衰对下行链路的异构性影响,建立了基于再生转发器和多波束技术的卫星数据分发系统简化模型,提出了采用星上自适应分组级FEC（Forward Error Control）的下行链路差错控制方法,针对下行链路的降雨等级自适应选择纠错码率,在不占用上行共享链路的情况下,实现对下行链路差错控制的动态调整,给出了采用RSE码的星上自适应FEC的算法公式,通过MATLAB软件和端到端的FEC技术进行了仿真比较分析,结果表明,当下行链路降雨率小于50%时,网络吞吐率可提高12%~25%。该策略可以为多波束宽带卫星数据分发系统的设计提供参考。     

机载防撞系统干扰限制功能的设计与实现

针对机载防撞系统(TCAS)空对空通信时存在的同步混扰,采用飞机分布因子结合问询功率和问询速率的控制方法,建立了干扰限制的数学模型,给出了TCAS监视功能干扰限制的设计流程。按照DO-185B标准定义的高密度飞机分布环境,采用计算机仿真得到了TCAS干扰限制功能在高密度空域中统计性能,对不同监视区域中TCAS应答机的占用率与DO-185B的设计需求进行比较,验证了设计的干扰限制功能的有效性和实用性。仿真结果表明干扰限制算法能够满足高密度空域中TCAS监视功能的要求,在TCAS干扰限制功能的设计和性能评估方面具有实际应用价值。     

考虑多类型产品新鲜度的生鲜配送路径优化

生鲜产品由于其特殊性,在配送过程中存在损耗。针对不同种类的生鲜产品,差异化新鲜度敏感系数,引入生鲜努力保鲜系数,构建生鲜产品新鲜度函数,同时考虑固定成本、运输成本、制冷成本、货损成本及时间惩罚成本,构建了生鲜配送路径优化模型。设计混合遗传粒子群算法进行求解,验证了模型的合理性及算法的有效性。对比不同的生鲜努力保鲜系数对各项成本的影响,得出综合成本最优的保鲜策略,为生鲜企业末端配送优化提供参考。     

保障功能分化：中国共产党对职业福利的认知与实践逻辑

职业福利是社会保障体系的重要组成部分,中国共产党在综合判断社会、经济发展阶段性特征以及基本社会保障体系构建完成度和保障水平的基础上,对职业福利的认知与实践沿着保障功能分化的逻辑,阶段性、多维度地推进和深化。从建党到计划经济时期,中国共产党将职业福利与公共福利混合为一体来推进,之后在市场经济条件下实现了两者保障功能定位的分化并明确了职业福利的补充保障功能;进而在基本社会保障制度构建完成的基础上,推动职业福利保障功能从微弱补充到实质补充的层次分化;同时协调推进公私部门间的职业保障功能分化进程,从公私分立到公私“可比较”。最终通过对职业保障功能分化的推进,建构起更加可持续的社会保障体系,满足人民对美好生活的需要。     

基于GIS的江西省红色旅游资源空间分布格局分析——以不可移动革命文物为例

保护好、管理好、运用好革命文物,要深入开展革命文物专项调查,加强科学保护,开展系统研究。江西省是红色资源大省和红色旅游的策源地,留下了大量革命文物的红色资源。本研究以江西省的红色资源(国家级与省级的不可移动革命文物)为研究对象,运用GIS空间分析方法定量分析江西省革命文物的空间分布特征。结果表明:江西省革命文物点分布集中,但是点分布较为零散,空间分布整体上呈不均衡态势。要做好江西省红色资源的调研和管理工作,促进红色资源的特色旅游开发,科学地保护好、利用好革命文物等红色资源,弘扬革命文化,传承红色基因,推进革命传统爱国主义教育。