农户参与用水者协会的诱因探析

面对日益严峻的水资源短缺形势，改善水资源管理方式引起了国际社会的广泛关注，农民用水者协会在这一背景下应运而生。发展农民用水者协会离不开农户的参与，了解农户参与或不参与用水者协会的原因，对于用水者协会的发展和政府部门制定相关政策具有十分重要的意义。文章采用问卷调查法，以内蒙古三个旗、县、区的农户为调研对象，对农户加入用水者协会的诱因进行了研究，并提出了促进农民用水者协会持续发展的建议。     

Spatial and sectoral characteristics of China’s international and interregional virtual water flows – based on multi-regional input–output model

This paper provides a systematic analysis of spatial and sectoral characteristics and changes in virtual water flows associated with China’s interregional and international trade based on the China interregional input–output tables of 2002 and 2007. The results show significant improvement in water use efficiency between 2002 and 2007. However, the general spatial patterns and sectoral components of virtual water flows have more or less remained during the period. Almost all Chinese provinces are net exporters of virtual water in international trade. In interregional trade, the dominant direction of virtual water flow is from peripheral provinces to eastern coastal provinces. The agricultural sector plays an important role in shaping this direction and has significant impacts on water uses in exporting provinces, some of which are water scarce. The results of this study clarify some confusions concerning mismatches between regional water endowments and virtual water trade within China and with other countries.     

蒙山县茶山水库供水工程设计

文章简述了蒙山县茶山水库供水工程设计、运行的基本情况。设计运行实践证明,茶山供水工程的建成对于蒙山县经济社会的发展起着举足轻重的作用。     

水土分算与合算对盾构隧道管片受力的影响

本文旨在以某地铁盾构隧道管片设计为背景,通过ANSYS有限元软件对不同情况下盾构隧道管片受力进行数值模拟,分析水土分算与合算对盾构隧道管片受力的影响。     

特殊气候条件下水利水电砼施工的质量控制要点——以三峡水利枢纽工程为例

21世纪，我国将成为世界头号水电大国和强国。而我国在研究新型混凝土及掺和料，包括纤维混凝土、新型外加剂、防渗止水材料的科技开发等方面，也将走在世界前列。文章结合三峡水利枢纽工程的成功经验，就特殊气候条件下砼施工的质量控制提出自己的见解。     

Water Rich, Resource Poor: Intersections of Gender, Poverty, and Vulnerability in Newly Irrigated Areas of Southeastern Turkey

The provision of water for drinking and irrigation is often assumed to alleviate poverty, though results are likely to be mixed for different individuals. This paper examines the intersections of gender poverty, livelihoods, landlessness, and related considerations in the context of large-scale water development in Turkey’s Southeastern Anatolia region, particularly exploring what such an analysis allows for an understanding of variable and differentiated effects of ongoing changes. Findings suggest that certain populations experience enhanced vulnerabilities, and considerable losses, in addition to any gains and benefits of ongoing changes (particularly the landless, poor, some women, and those who previously engaged in animal husbandry). This discussion contributes to a growing gender and water literature, arguing for an intersectional analysis that understands gender as necessarily conditioned by poverty, livelihoods, and other factors. Further, I argue for the need to further enrich analyses of differentiated benefits and vulnerabilities of water-related changes through consideration of geographic, spatial, and place-specific dimensions.     

医院水电管理中的节能减排工作

目前，如何最大限度地节约水电的开支已成为医院后勤管理工作的挑战性问题。医院应积极响应并贯彻落实国家有关节能减排的方针政策，进一步提高员工节约水电的意识，采取多项节水节电措施，为节能减排工作作出应有的贡献。     

运用FLAC2D程序对某隧道突水事故机理的探讨

岩溶突水是山区隧道和矿山巷道工程建设中常见的地质灾害之一。某隧道建设工程为深埋岩溶隧道，隧道大部经过碳酸盐岩地区，局部发育软弱夹层，地质条件复杂程度和施工难度较大。文章通过对工程实例进行分析，并结合地质条件，建立一个以开挖面为隧道边界的纵断面地质模型，然后运用FLAC程序进行数值建模，模拟研究，得到一个岩溶突水形成、发展、发生的过程，初步揭示了该隧道岩溶突水的规律及特点，对类似地质条件的工程建设具有借鉴意义。     

Presumptions of linearity and faith in the power of centralised decision‐making: two challenges to the efficient management of environmental water in Australia

Water policy in the Murray‐Darling Basin continues to be dominated by the trade‐offs between agricultural and environmental interests. This has recently been played out with the acrimonious debate that circumscribed the release of the Guide to the Murray‐Darling Basin Plan. In this paper, we argue that too much emphasis has been placed on the volume of held water as an indicator of environmental benefit. We also contend that there is an attendant presumption of linearity in the relationship between volumes of held water and environmental benefit which could lead to perverse outcomes. A second problem is that there is too much enthusiasm for contemplating the solutions to water management problems as residing primarily at the federal level of government. These factors stand to ultimately limit the efficient delivery of environmental objectives.     

水处理剂在电厂循环水中的应用

当今世界节水已成为最为紧迫的事情之一,选用经济适宜的水处理剂,用于水循环系统是非常重要的。水处理剂的正确选用不仅可以提高水的浓缩倍率,达到节水的目的,还可以延长水循环系统设备的使用寿命。