Delphi: A brief look backward and forward

In response to a request by the guest editors, we have set down our thoughts regarding the evolution of Delphi, beginning with our immersion in the subject in the late 1960s and concluding with some rumination about its future. Our focus is on the changing roles of Delphi. Most importantly, with the profound impact of the internet on organizational and community planning systems, it will foster a new age of participation through communication, coordination, and collaboration.     

National culture, networks and ethnic entrepreneurship: A comparison of the Indian and Chinese immigrants in the US

This paper uses a combination of national cultural frameworks and social capital theory to explain the formation and management of entrepreneurial ventures among immigrant communities. The varying rates of venture formation and performance among different ethnic groups points to the role that the different dimensions of culture play in how immigrants use their social networks to start such firms. We use the specific example of the Indian and Chinese communities in the US to demonstrate this effect and explain how businesses created by members of these communities could have potentially different ways of starting and operating that can be directly traced to the differences in cultural orientation of their owners. What emerges can be summarized as: (a) different immigrant communities have different ways of accumulating and using social capital in starting and managing their ethnic ventures; (b) these dissimilarities manifest themselves in variations in the motives for forming these ventures, human resource practices and termination rates; and (c) that these variations can partly be explained by the differences in their respective national cultures.     

模块化生产网络的治理:一个分析框架

在全球化生产背景下,模块化生产网络面临复杂的环境,从而带来一系列的风险.文章针对模块化生产网络中的关系风险、绩效风险和嵌入性风险,提出了一条网络治理的分析路径.它主要包括治理环境、治理模式、治理机制和治理目标,其中治理模式有紧密型治理和松散型治理,治理机制包括合同治理和关系治理,治理目标主要是防止机会主义,提高运作绩效和消除锁定效应.沿着这线索,文章构建了一个模块化生产网络治理的系统分析框架.     

Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media

Traditionally, consumers used the Internet to simply expend content: they read it, they watched it, and they used it to buy products and services. Increasingly, however, consumers are utilizing platforms—such as content sharing sites, blogs, social networking, and wikis—to create, modify, share, and discuss Internet content. This represents the social media phenomenon, which can now significantly impact a firm's reputation, sales, and even survival. Yet, many executives eschew or ignore this form of media because they don’t understand what it is, the various forms it can take, and how to engage with it and learn. In response, we present a framework that defines social media by using seven functional building blocks: identity, conversations, sharing, presence, relationships, reputation, and groups. As different social media activities are defined by the extent to which they focus on some or all of these blocks, we explain the implications that each block can have for how firms should engage with social media. To conclude, we present a number of recommendations regarding how firms should develop strategies for monitoring, understanding, and responding to different social media activities.     

“仁政”:生存政府保障论——战国、秦官社经济体制下的农民道德政治经济学及赋税原理研究之二

战国、秦官社农民道德政治经济学的核心要求是生存政府保障论。也就是说,民之生存应由政府来保障,亦即政府的职责应是以保障民之生存、规避风险为重要指归。农民对政府的评价体系是生存第一。能保障社民生存,使之脱离生存困境的就是好政府。因此,孟子"仁政"的价值标准就是道德经济观。     

毛泽东经济思想略论

毛泽东经济思想指导中国革命根据地的经济建设、新民主主义经济建设和社会主义经济建设取得了巨大的成就。毛泽东经济思想的核心是人民主体经济;毛泽东经济思想的出发点是国家意志经济;毛泽东经济思想的立足点是独立自主、自力更生的原则。     

以信息态为基础的精神经济研究——以古玩经济为示例

以古玩经济为示例证明,信息态是历史的运动状态与过程,是二元价值容介态经济的源泉、基础、灵魂,是经济发展方向的动力源;物质经济与精神经济是“水溶性”关系;人们对物质经济的需要是有限的,对精神经济的需要是无限的;大力发展精神经济,是经济发展方式的转变合乎经济发展方向的新信息趋势.     

政府预算资金优先配置绩效审计探讨

优先性是预算资金配置的基本要求。预算资金是否优先配置应是我国政府预算资金绩效审计首先关注的问题。我国开展政府预算资优先配置审计,能推动事后审计向事前审计的转轨,使审计成为资源配置的杠杆。政府应改变预算审计组织方式,由易到难地推进优先配置审计。     

防御性现实主义:进攻性现实主义时代的悲剧

作者旨在回答一个重要的问题:防御性现实主义在进攻性现实主义时代的命运如何?这个问题可以分解为两个小问题:进攻性现实主义时代下的防御性现实主义国家面临哪些生存压力?这些生存压力对防御性现实主义国家会造成哪些影响?作者认为,在进攻性现实主义时代,防御性现实主义国家面临五种生存压力:防御性现实主义国家是进攻性现实主义国家进攻的诱因;防御性现实主义国家经常遭遇进攻性现实主义国家的攻击;防御性现实主义国家被进攻性现实主义国家包围;防御性现实主义国家几乎无法和进攻性现实主义国家合作;防御性现实主义国家的军力通常在整体上或在关键指标上落后于进攻性现实主义国家。在这些生存压力之下,防御性现实主义国家的生存质量堪忧,在重要的物质利益和国家的自主性两项指标上的表现难如人意。作者采取了案例分析的方法,以中国宋朝和波兰为例,论证了进攻性现实主义时代的防御性现实主义困境。     

产业集群的自我否定与跨网络学习——以浙江温州低压电器产业集群为例

我国本土产业集群在经过一段时间的高速发展后,围绕＂锁定＂存在的诸多矛盾和潜在风险等问题都逐渐暴露出来,而产业集群升级始终不能很好解决,并成为困扰我国实践和理论的一个棘手问题;文章在辨析产业集群内外双重锁定的基础上,指出升级仅适合集群发展初级阶段时的内部＂锁定＂,而集群发展到高级阶段并面临外部＂锁定＂时,往往不能突破而陷入＂升级悖论＂;基于跨网络学习的视角,本文认为集群只有彻底自我否定,并融入跨国企业网络,才能突破来自内外的双重锁定,获得学习和知识溢出的机会;最后,结合我国浙江温州低压电器产业集群案例,分析在面临跨国公司竞争压力下,本土产业集群如何融入跨国企业网络,并寻求新的发展机会的学习路径。