对阻碍环渤海地区发展障碍的重新认识

对通常认为的阻碍环渤海地区经济发展的几个问题,通过相关数据分析论证,提出：①环渤海地区更多的是地理区域概念,政府推动和学者呼吁缺乏内在的基础和动力。②在一定程度上,阻碍环渤海地区的发展问题之一是缺乏经济的龙头。但京津合作成功后能够在多大范围内发挥龙头作用,取决于其经济核心的能量和它所提供的服务内容。振兴环渤海地区的主要作用在于其对中西部和东北地区发展的带动作用。③与祈望政府协调相比,加快环渤海地区发展的关键是加快政府职能的改革,提高政府工作效率,改善投资软环境,以聚集更多有活力的企业。     

地方政府经济竞争下的企业负担——来自上市公司的经验证据

本文基于分权体制下政企之间的两阶段动态博弈模型以及在此基础上构建的计量模型,将地级市之间经济竞争程度与A股非金融类上市公司数据相匹配,验证了地方政府经济竞争程度与企业实际税负之间的关系。研究结果表明,当地方政府所面临的经济竞争程度越激烈时,其辖区内上市公司的实际税负越低。进一步分析发现,地方政府经济竞争对辖区企业的减税效应存在显著的地区、产业和所有制异质性;分位数回归发现,辖区企业处于不同税负强度时,地方政府经济竞争的减税效应也存在明显差异。在当前减税降费、让利于企的新时代背景下,本文的研究对落实减税降费政策和规范横向竞争中地方政府行为具有启示意义。     

A practical solution to the problem of ultimate ruin probability

Abstract

It was the Swiss actuary Chr. Moser who, in lectures at Bern University at the turn of the century, gave the name “self-renewing aggregate” to what Vajda (1947) has called the “unstationary community” of lives, namely where deaths at any epoch are immediately replaced by an equivalent number of births. It was Moser too (1926) who coined the expression “steady state” for the stationary community in which the age distribution at any time follows the life table (King, 1887). With such a distinguished actuarial history, excellently summarized by Saxer (1958, Ch. IV), it behoves every actuary to know at least the definitions and modus operandi of today's so-called renewal (point), or recurrent event, processes.     

大庆市科技创新服务体系规划研究

分析了大庆市科技创新服务现状和存在的问题,提出了科技创新服务体系的规划应包括3个方面,即区域分布规划、组织功能规划和信息网络规划,并以大庆市为例,说明了3项规划的具体实施思路和做法。     

我国银行卡市场发展状况与对策研究

银行卡是具有存款、取款、转账结算、消费等功能的信用支付工具。我国银行卡市场经过二十几年的发展,取得了重大成就。本文从我国银行卡市场的发展状况入手,分析了发展中存在的问题,在此基础上提出了加快我国银行卡市场快速健康发展的对策建议。     

世界各国社会保障制度改革及其对我国的启示

我国目前正处于经济转型时期,社会保障制度的改革也正处于关键时刻,国外如美国、英国、新加坡等社会保障制度改革的经验和教训,对我国社会保障制度的改革起到很好的借鉴作用。我国社会保障模式,应该是分层次的而不是统一的社会保障模式;只有建立公平的社会保障制度,才能确保制度的效率。     

The causal relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth: evidence from the G7 countries

This article re-examines the nature of the causality between natural gas consumption and economic growth in G7 countries over the period from 1965 to 2011. We employ the Granger causality procedure proposed by Emirmahmutoglu and Kose (2011) which takes into account cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity across countries. Our overall empirical results support the neutrality hypothesis for the panel while the individual country results confirm the same result with the exception of the case of UK, where the conservation hypothesis is confirmed, showing that GDP causes natural gas consumption in the country. These results make policies that promote the consumption of natural gas risk-free with regard to their effects to the economic growth and development levels.     

多元化教学方法在物流系统工程课程中的应用

根据物流系统工程课程在物流管理专业人才培养中的地位,从物流系统工程课程的教学目标出发,结合学生之学习特点和教师之教学实践,分析多元化教学方式方法在物流系统工程课程中的应用,主要探索调查法、实验法、实地法、模拟法4种教学方式方法,结合实验室实验、课程实习、物流设计大赛、创新创业训练、科研提升项目等开展教学活动,完善人才培养。     

自然保护区中的生态产业链系统模型构建——基于自然保护区发展转型期的市场保护分析

自然保护区发展方式的转变是我国自然保护区当前面临的重大理论与现实问题,合理利用市场、提高自然保护区市场保护力度,是缓解我国自然保护区保护过程中日益增大的资金压力、生态需求压力的必然选择。我国自然保护区发展已经到了瓶颈期和转型期,亟须市场参与、企业加入、产业链式发展来推动自然保护区的市场保护模式。自然保护区市场保护模式是我国生态文明建设进程的现实选择,在对自然保护区核心区严格保护的基础上,我国逐步在缓冲区和实验区进行资源合理利用和生产经营的探索,发展了基于生态产品概念的自然保护区产业,而其得以有效运行的关键因素是自然保护区生态产业链的形成和稳定。生态产业链的系统结构是自然保护区生态产业链形成与稳定的基础要素,文章在分析自然保护区产业发展的产品背景和产业独特性基础上,通过对自然保护区生态产业链系统模型的构建及分析,以期为解决生态产品供给难、自然然保护区市场保护和自然保护区平衡性的可持续发展提供有效的发展思路。     

The Czechoslovak Reform Movement, 1963–1968, A Study in the Theory of Socialism

This paper examines a fundamental issue in the theory of economic organization: the optimal level of market competition. Answers in neoclassical and new institutional economics are identified and critiqued. The analysis shows that selective assumptions in both fields produce distinctly market-favoring and "more competition is better than less" conclusions. The paper generalizes these assumptions and demonstrates organization-favoring and "less competition is better" positions are equally plausible. The paper also argues that part of the market-favoring bias in these fields stems from failure to distinguish between conditions of market failure and organizational success. Given these problems in extant theory, this paper develops an alternative institutional theory of economic organization, drawing principally on ideas of Walton Hamilton and John Commons. This proposed alternative shows that the optimal level of competition occurs at an intermediate level in the competition/cooperation spectrum (a mixed economy) and varies with five key determinants of the economic order.