Modeling green vehicle adoption: An integrated approach for policy evaluation

This article employs an integrated discrete-continuous car ownership model to jointly forecast households’ future preferences on vehicle type, quantity and use, and to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The model system is estimated on a dataset collected from a web-based stated preference survey conducted in Maryland in 2014. The data contain vehicle purchase decisions and sociodemographic information of 456 households who were requested to state their future preferences over a 9-year period (2014–2022). In each time period, a respondent is faced to four alternatives that include the current vehicle, a new gasoline vehicle, a new hybrid electric vehicle, and a new battery electric vehicle. Intertemporal choices between conventional and “green” vehicles such as hybrid and electric cars capture dynamics in vehicle purchase decisions. Short run and medium-long run situations were predicted and compared based on the first 4-year data and the entire 9-year data of the dynamic panel. Vehicle GHG emissions were calculated correspondingly. We find the introduction of “green” vehicles makes a positive impact on car ownership and use, especially in a medium-long run. Two “green” taxation policies, gasoline tax and ownership tax, were proposed and their impact on vehicle use and emission reductions was evaluated. Results indicate that: (a) gasoline tax is a more effective way to reduce vehicle miles traveled and GHG emissions and (b) gasoline tax makes a higher impact on car use and emission reductions in the medium-long run, while ownership tax makes a higher impact in the short run.     

浅谈电热毯的火灾危险性及火灾原因鉴别方法

本文结合电热毯火灾的特点和案例,分析了电热毯火灾的危险性,通过不同方法对电热毯火灾进行原因鉴别并总结方法,针对火灾特点,提出了电热毯火灾的预防措施。     

论电阻点焊质量控制技术

汽车装配主要由冲压、车身焊接、喷涂、总装四大工艺组成.电阻点焊质量的好坏直接影响整车的质量,必须引起供应商的重视并严格控制点焊质量.文章根据供应商质量管理工作经验,总结了控制和提高点焊质量的实用方法     

编制水利水电土建工程合同注意事项探析

从水利水电工程合同管理角度出发,论述《水利水电工程标准施工招标文件》合同条款存在的不足,总结施工经验,提出水利水电土建工程合同应注意的问题。     

Deregulation and environmental differentiation in the electric utility industry

This paper analyzes how economic deregulation impacts firm strategies and environmental quality in the electric utility industry. We find evidence that the deregulation introduced to this historically staid industry has stimulated environmental differentiation. Differentiation is most likely to appear where its point of uniqueness is valued by customers, and we confirm this relationship in our sample. Specifically, utilities that served customers who exhibited higher levels of environmental sensitivity generated more ‘green’ power. The tendency for firms to differentiate in this way is lessened if they are relatively more dependent on coal‐fired generation or relatively more efficient. Thus, there is evidence that firms sort themselves into either differentiation or low‐cost strategies as the competitive realities of a deregulated world unfold. Deregulation and the ensuing environmental differentiation illustrate how utilities exploited formerly unmet customer demand for green power. The result has been greater levels of renewable generation and, hence, a cleaner environment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

电力工业绿色和谐发展路径研究

本文从电源结构和火电行业发展两方面研究资源与环境双重压力下的电力工业发展路径。结果表明:①电源结构优化效果明显,可通过区域协调发展有效保障;②火电主导地位牢不可破,考虑资源效率和环境影响是电力工业评价的必经之路。     

电力发展如何应对低碳经济发展模式

低碳经济对电网规划与发展影响是一个很大的题目,需要按低碳经济的模式对电力发展规划进行总体研究才能做深入细致的分析。本文对低碳经济对电网的影响趋势、方向做了初步探讨,以期对进一步研究有所帮助。     

新型阴极结构铝电解槽焙烧工艺改进

文章介绍了新型阴极电解槽几种焙烧工艺技术的特点,深入探讨了其存在的问题,通过改进创新,形成了适合于新型阴极电解槽焙烧的双层介质焙烧技术,取得较好的焙烧效果。     

中国区域电力消费需求决定因素的实证研究

实证研究区域电力消费需求的决定因素,对我国各个地区能源(电力)供求与经济协调发展意义重大。以2004年中国省域电力消费量截面数据为电力需求的度量指标,采用截面回归分析模型和多种检验指标,分析并估计检验了经济、人口、电价及第二产业比重对区域电力需求的作用机制。结果显示:区域经济、人口、第二产业比重各增长1%,区域电力需求将分别增长0.38%、0.27%、1.91%,当电力消费价格增长1%时,区域电力需求将降低4.46%。结论表明:电力消费与区域经济及人口增长之间存在密切的内生联系,通过经济增长方式的转变和人口规模的控制对电力消费产生影响是可能的;第二产业比重和电价是影响中国区域电力消费的主要因素。     

提高电力企业培训效果的方法探讨

随着我国社会经济不断发展和变革,电力行业正经历巨大而深刻的变化。在电力生产、经营、管理等各方面,对员工劳动的智能要求越来越高。因此,拥有一支高素质的员工队伍是电力企业实现快速发展的关键,是实现企业战略目标的保证。本文对电力企业培训面临的形势和存在的问题进行分析,并就如何提高培训效果的方法提出建议与大家探讨。