高校化学实验室几种废液的处理方法探索

高校化学实验室产生的废液不经处理便直接排入下水道,势必给环境和人类健康带来较大危害。针对这些问题,文章探索了几种方法对废液进行简单有效的处理和回收。     

Model for evaluating the environmental sustainability of energy projects

This article focuses on the problem of assessing the environmental sustainability of energy projects. For this purpose an original model, which is based on various indicators that measure the environmental sustainability of energy projects, has been developed. This model, so called index of environmental sustainability of energy projects (IESEP), can be used in scenario comparison, while measuring the effectiveness of the proposed alternatives. Finally, an example of how to use this model is provided by analyzing alternatives to ameliorate the environmental sustainability of a hydroelectric project. In doing so, it is possible to show the usefulness of this model when used as a decision making tool for energy planners.     

城市“灰色区域”特征生态环境问题对策

本文通过分析“灰色区域”的生态环境问题 ,把解决环境问题视角转向更深刻的背景和层次上———城市规划、土地利用、经济发展战略及行为激励等 ,综合提出对这些环境问题的看法和对策。     

Capital Mobility, Agglomeration and Corporate Tax Rates: Is the Race to the Bottom for Real?

Based on a data set for 19 OECD countries for the period 1981–2001,we estimate the impact of FDI on corporate tax rates, wherechanges in FDI are a measure for changes in capital mobility.So far the literature has been concerned with the related butrather different question as to the sensitivity of FDI to taxrates. Our article takes an opposite perspective and asks whatthe impact of capital mobility is on corporate tax rates. Indoing so, we explicitly take the role of agglomeration intoaccount. In theory, core countries can afford a higher tax ratecompared to peripheral countries. In our estimation strategy,we instrument capital mobility to deal with reverse causality.The main conclusion is that increased international capitalmobility, measured by FDI flows, implies a lower corporate taxrate. But we also find that agglomeration matters: core countrieshave a higher corporate tax rate than peripheral countries.If there is a race to the bottom, it seems that it is more realfor some countries than others. (JEL code: H25)     

Gains,Losses, and the US-EPA <Emphasis Type="Italic">Economic Analyses Guidelines</Emphasis>: A Hazardous Product?

While offering many useful suggestions to improve economic analyses, the Guidelines take no account of widely reported behavioural economics research findings. Foregoing the opportunities to improve valuations and other analyses offered by this evidence is likely to lead to inappropriate assessments and consequent distortions of damage estimates, policy and regulatory design. JEL classifications: C91, D61, H43 This review is in part based on studies supported by the U.S. Forest Service and has benefited from comments and suggestionss of Bas Donkers, Robin Gregory, the editor, and referee.     

“It Pays to be Green” – A Premature Conclusion?

It has been claimed that good environmental performance can improve firms’ economic performance. However, because of e.g. data limitations, the methods applied in most previous quantitative empirical studies on effects of environmental performance on economic performance of firms suffer from several shortcomings. We discuss these shortcomings and conclude that previously applied methods are unsatisfactory as support for a conclusion that it pays for firms to be green. Then we illustrate the consequences of these shortcomings by performing several regression analyses of the effect of environmental performance on economic performance using a panel data set of Norwegian plants. A pooled regression where observable firm characteristics like e.g. size or industry are controlled for, confirms a positive effect of environmental performance on economic performance. However, the estimated positive effect could be due to omitted unobserved variables like management or technology. When the regression model controls for unobserved plant heterogeneity, the effect is generally no longer statistically significant. Hence, although greener plants tend to perform economically better, the analysis provides little support for the claim that it is because they are greener. These empirical findings further indicate that a conclusion that it pays to be green is premature.     

增强应对气候变化的能力：世界各国的战略选择

全球气候变暖是全人类共同面临的巨大挑战,维护气候安全是国际社会的共同目标。气候变化会导致自然灾害频发、经济下滑、农业减产以及气候移民等一系列问题。应对气候变化,发展低碳经济是现在时代的要求,也是全社会的责任。全球范围多发的自然灾害给人类经济生活到底会带来什么样的危害,已成为人们普遍关心的话题,无论是哪个国家和地区发生严重自然灾害都会引起国际社会强烈关注。为此,世界各国提出了自己未来的战略重点：日本提出了低碳社会行动的线路图,印度出台了一系列的国家行动计划,中国香港将重点放在建筑节能上,美国通过了《美国清洁能源安全法案》,欧盟大幅削减温室气体排放量。