完善外币汇兑损益会计与税务处理规范的思考

随着美国次贷危机演变成全球性金融危机,全球金融市场发生了剧烈动荡,各种货币之间的比价（汇率）出现了较大幅度的升值或贬值,尤以澳元兑美元汇率变化为剧。对部分持有澳元资产或承担澳元负债的中国公司而言,汇率剧烈波动对企业业绩的影响,如按现行企业会计准则和企业所得税法的规定进行处理,将直接影响企业财务状况和经营成果的稳定,导致企业所得税收征不合理的情况发生。必须针对汇率剧烈波动对企业业绩影响的特殊情况,完善企业会计准则和修改完善企业所得税征收的实施细则。     

基于资本管制下的汇率预期与贸易收支的实证研究

本文基于我国资本管制的现状,将汇率预期变量引入贸易收支决定的模型中,对我国贸易收支的影响因素进行实证分析,发现人民币汇率预期与我国贸易收支相互影响,人民币升值预期促使贸易顺差扩大,而顺差扩大又进一步加剧升值预期,形成累积效应,因此,在当前金融危机在全球不断扩散,市场对人民币出现贬值预期的背景下,应采取积极的措施以防止投机资本通过贸易渠道撤离,从而避免对我国贸易收支和宏观经济稳定产生不良影响。     

澳洲多元文化共融对义乌的启示

随着国际贸易的不断发展,义乌多元文化交流格局已形成,且现阶段义乌在政治管理、经济、文化教育生活等多元文化交流活动中取得了一系列的成就,但毫不借鉴外国多元文化政策的宝贵经验仅凭自身不断摸索涌现出来的不和谐因素也是不能忽视的。澳洲政府所推行的一系列多元文化政策在澳洲获得了成功实践且蜚声国际,这对义乌多元文化建设借鉴意义重大。     

晋商票号兴衰再探——基于市场营销的视角

从清初到民国初年,山西票号曾"执中国金融之牛耳",对当时社会经济和贸易的发展起到了举足轻重的作用。然而,在经历了百年的辉煌后,山西票号的守业人由于患上"营销近视症",固步自封、错失良机,只注意眼前利益,忽视市场需求和环境变化,没有顺应商品经济发展的要求及时将经营产品从异地汇兑转向存放款,变业已落后的票号机制为先进的银行体制,山西票号最终走向了覆灭。     

Real Exchange Rate in China：A Long-run Perspective

This paper investigates the RMB exchange rate from a long‐run viewpoint. Whether China's rapid economic growth brought about real exchange rate appreciation between 1975 and 2002 is empirically examined, based on a supply‐side model, the Balassa—Semuelson Hypothesis (BSH). The same test is conducted on Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia and India. Our result indicates that the BSH only exists where the industrial structure has been upgraded and the economy has been successfully transformed from an agricultural economy to a manufacturing economy. Interestingly, China, among those where the BSH does not present, appears to be upgrading its industrial and trade structure. We then try to answer the question of why past rapid growth has no significant relationship with the RMB real exchange rate and what factors are underlying the trend of the RMB real exchange rate. We expect an appreciating trend of RMB real exchange rate in the foreseeable future, presuming that China's industrial upgrading process continues and the factors pertaining to the BSH's prediction, such as rise of wage rates in both tradables and nontradables, become more significant. (Edited by Xiaoming Feng)     

中国林业NGO对外交流面临的机遇和挑战

随着NGO在林业国际事务中的作用日渐显现,以及我国林业事业对外交流的需求不断增强,中国林业NGO对外交流迎来了良好的机遇期,同时也面临着诸多问题和挑战。通过对林业NGO对外交流现状以及存在问题的介绍与分析,提出了今后我国林业NGO对外交流的具体建议。     

An investigation of problem-solving support and relaxation motivations on e-WOM

As a consequence of greater computer-mediated consumer-to-consumer communication within the firm's marketing communications, there has been a growing need to understand these digital interactions more explicitly. That is, we still know little about the exact extrinsic and intrinsic motivations that drive electronic word-of-mouth. The purpose of the paper is to better understand why members within community-based websites develop a need to exchange and/or develop a social bond within the community. Questionnaire data were gathered from 147 members of an online beauty forum in Australia. The findings highlight that those members seeking problem-solving support in combination with elements of relaxation will be more inclined to exchange with other community members and develop a social bond within that community. Marketing managers can capitalise these findings by strengthening problem-solving support systems and creating environments where community members can also relax and unwind to increase the exchange between members and also increase the social bonds within the community.     

WSN中基于网络编码的协同点对点信息交换算法研究

针对无线传感器中的节点调度传输问题,提出了一种基于网络编码的协同点对点信息交换算法。由于该算法不仅能够充分利用无线信道的广播特性,而且使用了协同点对点信息交换,从而有效地弥补了PIE算法在数据包的个数大于节点数目的情况下,性能不理想的缺陷,实现了传输次数的减少。仿真结果表明,所提算法的传输有效性明显地优于PIE算法和最少优先算法。     

Impacts of short-term interest rates on stock returns and exchange rates: Empirical evidence from EAGLE countries

In this study, we estimate Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) and time-varying structural VAR (TVP-VAR) models for Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico and Turkey to analyze the impacts of short-term interest rates on stock prices and exchange rates considering the relationships between these variables. BVAR and TVP-VAR models’ estimations indicate that monetary policy decisions of these countries lead to capital movements as well as capital movements may create a considerable amount of variation in exchange and stock markets both in the periods of economic stability and financial crisis. We also reveal that increases in interest rates intending to prevent capital outflows may lead to decrease in stock returns, which in turn may deteriorate the real economic activity in Indonesia, while changes in short-term interest rates in Brazil, Indonesia and Turkey cannot be used as a tool to stabilize the value of their home currencies against the USD. Our study highlights the importance of formulating an optimal monetary policy framework accompanied by macro-prudential polices, which help to reach inflation target and smooth the possible variations in exchange rates and stock prices during economic crisis conditions in Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico and Turkey.     

Spillovers in Exchange Rates and the Effects of Global Shocks on Emerging Market Currencies

This paper provides an investigation into the spillover effects of exchange rate returns and volatility for developed and emerging market currencies, using data from 1997 to 2011. The results suggest that spillovers in exchange rate returns have increased steadily over time, in moderate reaction to economic events. In contrast, spillovers in total observed volatility (measured by squared returns) react more strongly to economic events, and this transmission has remained at a relatively high level since the global financial crisis. Furthermore, over the course of time, global shocks would appear to account for a larger proportion of aggregate exchange rate volatility (and the relative importance of domestic shocks has declined). The paper also considers whether the increase in volatility spillover is due to sudden shocks, or whether it is due to changes in the stochastic trend of the underlying volatility process. The results suggests that in most cases, this increase is due to sudden shocks, however, in certain instances country‐specific events may perpetuate changes to the trend of the underlying volatility spillover.