浅析合成氨装置的火灾危险源及火灾控制措施

塔西南化肥厂合成氨装置以天然气为原料,采用M.W凯洛格公司提供的低能耗、加压催化转化法生产合成氨,生产过程中涉及的危险物料也比较多,如天然气、氢气、一氧化碳、氨等,一旦发生火灾,火势迅速扩大,扑救困难,损失严重。文章针对合成氨装置的火灾危险源进行分析,提出了装置火灾预防和控制措施以及生产过程中的防火安全注意事项。     

加强智能训练,培养创造性人才

教学的目的不仅仅是向学生提供“黄金” ,更重要的是要向学生传授“点金术”。一切科学知识都是从怀疑开始的。没有怀疑就不会有科学。怀疑不是为了阻碍 ,而是为了创新。面对我国传统教育方式的严重弊端 ,有待重新认识和改进。我们必须解放思想 ,实事求是 ,改革传统教育 ,对学生加强智能训练 ,培养具有创造性的人才 ,才能跟上日新月异的科技发展步伐 ,迎接知识经济时代的到来。     

Discussing Brand Information on Social Networking Sites: Implications for Global Brand Marketing

Due to the proliferation of information that global brands disseminate on social networking sites (SNS), how to induce SNS users to discuss such information is a topic deserving intensive research efforts. In recent years, scholars have begun to explore the topic from several perspectives. However, there is still a lack of conceptual theorization and empirical verification with more comprehensive probing into the psychological processes through which SNS users become motivated to engage in discussing brand information provided by brand marketers. The current study, based on integrative reconfiguration of relevant theories and a large-scale survey, develops and validates a theoretical model to explicate the key determinants in this regard. Data were obtained from 1518 respondents, who have been active SNS users for at least one year. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling facilitate validation of the model. According to the research findings, affective attitude is a stronger factor than instrumental attitude in predicting the discussion behavior of SNS users relative to brand information intentionally designed and disseminated by brand marketers. Additionally, past behavior in discussing online business news, alongside subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, exercises significant effect on such behavior. Most noteworthy, identity construction generates the greatest impact on behavioral intention and actual behavior among SNS users to discuss brand information that brand marketers provide to them. In general, the current study contributes to making better use of SNS for global brand marketing.     

Analysis of commercial rumors from the perspective of marketing managers: Rumor prevalence,effects, and control tactics

This study examines commercial rumors from the perspective of marketing managers. American and French respondents (N = 133) completed a rumor questionnaire intended to assess the prevalence and types of commercial rumors that reach their ear, the severity of rumor effects, the effectiveness of rumor control tactics, and the psychological and situational variables associated with rumor onset and spread. Based on a variation of the critical incidents technique involving recalled commercial rumors, the results conform to rumor theory in terms of the psychological and situational factors (i.e. anxiety, importance, credulity, and uncertainty) underlying rumor transmission, and offer support for our proposed rumor model. The findings also highlight the prevalence and potentially negative impact of rumors in marketing sectors. As an initial attempt to discern cross-cultural differences in commercial rumor activity, preliminary findings suggest differences in effectiveness of marketing communication tactics for rumor control across the two country samples studied. Overall, the provision of requested information and attempts to increase trust emerged as the most effective rumor control tactics.     

Word of mouth as a promotional tool for turbulent markets

Word‐of‐mouth advertising involves activities to encourage consumers to talk about a product or company to friends and neighbours, setting in motion a chain of communication that could spread through a whole market. Each activity, itself small and relatively unimportant, could escalate through word of mouth to create strong, positive brand images and beliefs. A major characteristic of chaos theory, sensitive dependence on initial conditions (the butterfly effect) is at work in word of mouth. This paper reviews word of mouth literature from a chaos/complexity theory perspective. Using a multiple case study approach, the significance of word of mouth in turbulent markets is assessed. It was found that more successful companies tended to use word of mouth proactively, and that it is an effective marketing tool for turbulent environments. Furthermore, chaos theory is shown as a good lens through which to view word of mouth. This paper is important because word of mouth has had little attention from the academic community, with the exception of electronic or Internet based word of mouth. Furthermore, it suggests an academic theory to underpin word of mouth that has not been considered before. In addition, it is important because, in South Africa and possibly in other under‐developed and developing countries, word of mouth is critical to marketing to less sophisticated or literate markets.     

水下爆炸冲击波载荷中相似理论的重要应用价值

本文主要是在相似理论的基础上,用数值仿真实验的方法,对舰船结构遭受到水下爆炸冲击波荷载作用时的相似性问题进行研究和探讨。本文也主要对水下爆炸冲击波载荷中相似理论的应用进行重点分析,对其在实际应用中的价值做以阐述。     

外汇储备激增的后果及对策

近年来,我国外汇储备增长过快,外汇储备规模已经位居世界第一。庞大的外汇储备在体现我国经济实力的同时,也给我国经济发展带来了诸多负面影响。本文正是对我国外汇储备持续过快增长的经济后果进行研究。研究发现,外汇储备激增会带来储备的持有成本过高、加大人民币升值压力、引发通货膨胀和降低货币政策有效性等负面影响。为了解决我国外汇储备持续过快增长的问题,本文提出了调整外汇储备的结构、改变原有盲目鼓励出口和招商引资的政策、进一步完善我国外汇管理体制和建立新的外汇管理机构等对策。     

水下爆破在湘桂铁路柳江双线特大桥的应用

水下爆破是指被爆岩体上部有水介质覆盖的爆破。由于是在水下进行作业,不仅在爆破材料、钻孔技术、爆破参数及爆破冲击波、地震波传播规律等方面均与在陆地上的爆破有很大的不同,而且水下的作业环境更复杂,安全风险更大。因此,在水下实施爆破对爆破技术的要求高,且施工难度大。文章针对施工实例,介绍了为了使桥墩双壁钢围堰顺利平稳下沉,采用水下爆破进行河床清平的爆破方案设计及施工技术,期望能对类似工程的施工提供借鉴。     

南方电网区域内输煤输电经济性比较研究

近年来随着环保要求的提升、发电煤耗的降低以及特高压直流输电技术的发展等各种因素的变化,输电输煤比较研究的基础逐渐改变。文章对南方电网区域内煤炭资源两种输送方式进行经济性比较,力求为煤炭资源输送方式的合理配置和煤电优化布局提供参考依据,以取得良好的社会经济和环境等综合效益。     

Visitor Emotions and Behavioral Intentions: The Case of Concentration Camp Memorial Neuengamme

Visits to sites associated with death and suffering are considered emotionally laden. Few studies empirically investigated visitor emotions at such sites. This study examines emotional responses of 241 visitors to concentration camp memorial Neuengamme and assesses how emotions are associated with long‐term consequences of revisit intentions and positive word of mouth. Tourists experience negative emotions more intensely compared with positive emotions. Negative emotions predict long‐term behavioral intentions more than positive emotions do. Shock and sadness are of particular importance. This study suggests that certain negative emotions also have the power to broaden‐and‐build and may have long‐term behavioral consequences. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.