报废汽车回收体系结构模型研究

报废汽车的回收重用一方面是＂生产者责任延伸制＂在汽车行业贯彻实施的结果,另一方面来源于再制造环节中蕴藏的丰厚利润的诱导.目前我国回收利用报废汽车的方式比较落后,主要是对原材料进行重用.本文构建了一个由汽车制造商牵头纽建,以功能多样化的回收中心作为中心处理单元的报废汽车回收体系结构模型,以期实现更高层次的回收重用.     

税收增速大于GDP增速的产业结构分析

Recently, qualitative and comparatively simple positive research on tax revenue increase faster than that of GDP are mostly based upon some factors, such as economic growth, levy technology enhancement, difference between structure of GDP and that of tax, excessive increase of high-tax industries due to local governments’ land-leasing behavior, etc. We firstly develop a theoretical model and responding algorithm about this phenomenon based on industry structure and their tax burden. Our model explicitly takes into account every industry’s contribution to this phenomenon. We attempt to provide a path for explaining tax revenue increase faster than GDP increase and suggestion for forecasting the change of macro-tax burden. __________ Translated from Shuliang Jingji Jishu Jingji Yanjiu 数量经济技术经济研究 (The Journal of Quantitative & Technical Economics), 2008, (10): 108–118     

FM 解调及AFC算法的VHDL设计实现

根据遥测中频PCM/FM信号的解调原理,介绍了FM解调及 自动频率控制（AFC）设计的理论架构和实现方法,通过理论分析、公式推导和Matlab仿真 等手段证明了方法的正确性,在此基础上完成VHDL程序设计,最后进行了仿真测试和实验验 证。仿真结果和实验结果证明了该实现方法的可行性。     

基于遗传算法的煤炭城市发展水平组合评价研究

组合评价方法的建模技术对于信息不完备的经济系统具有一定的实用性。本文分别采用主观赋权法中的综合指数法,以及客观赋权法中的主成分分析法、信息熵法和投影寻踪法,对我国25个地级煤炭城市发展水平进行了综合评价和排位;其次,建立了基于遗传算法的组合评价模型,应用该模型对25个地级煤炭城市的发展状况重新进行了综合评价和排位,其结果更加科学、合理。     

低功耗分簇路由算法LEACH的能耗分析

文章对无线传感器网络低功耗分簇路由协议的代表性算法—LEACH的运行机制以及性能做了详细的研究,针对该算法的分簇阶段、簇的建立阶段以及稳定的数据传输阶段的相关原理和运行情况作了深入分析。最后从正反两方面总结了LEACH协议的运行特性。     

匹配排队网络模型及其忙期算法

本文讨论了匹配排队网络模型ＰＨ／Ｍ／ｃ→○ＰＨ／ＰＨ／１的忙期,给出第一子系统忙期的概率分布函数及其ＬＳ变换,并给出其算法。最后,给出了此算法的算例。这种排队模型可以用于研究海港中大型货轮的各种货物合理匹配装卸等问题。     

Environmental impacts of changes to healthier diets in Europe

Food consumption causes, together with mobility, shelter and the use of electrical products, most life cycle impacts of consumption. Meat and dairy are among the highest contributors to environmental impacts from food consumption. A healthier diet might have less environmental impacts. Using the E3IOT environmentally extended input output database developed in an EU study on Environmental Impacts of Products (EIPRO), this paper estimates the difference in impacts between the European status quo and three simulated diet baskets, i.e. a pattern according to universal dietary recommendations, the same pattern with reduced meat consumption, and a ‘Mediterranean’ pattern with reduced meat consumption. Production technologies, protein and energy intake were kept constant. Though this implies just moderate dietary shifts, impact reductions of up to 8% were possible in reduced meat scenarios. The slightly changed food costs do not lead to significant first order rebound effects. Second order rebounds were estimated by applying the CAPRI partial equilibrium model. This analysis showed that European meat production sector will most likely respond by higher exports to compensate for losses on the domestic meat market. Higher impact reductions probably would need more drastic diet changes.     

A dynamic Nelson-Siegel yield curve model with Markov switching

This paper proposes a model to better capture persistent regime changes in the interest rates of the US term structure. While the previous literature on this matter proposes that regime changes in the term structure are due to persistent changes in the conditional mean and volatility of interest rates we find that changes in a single parameter that determines the factor loadings of the model better captures regime changes. We show that this model gives superior in-sample forecasting performance as compared to a baseline model and a volatility-switching model. In general, we find compelling evidence that the extracted factors from our term structure models are closely related with various economic variables. Furthermore, we investigate and find evidence that the effects of macroeconomic phenomena such as monetary policy, inflation expectations, and real economic activity differ according to the particular regime realized for the term structure. In particular, we identify the periods where monetary policy appears to have a greater effect on the yield curve, and the periods where inflation expectations seem to have a greater effect in yield determination. We also find convincing evidence of a relationship between the regimes estimated by the various switching models with economic activity and monetary policy.     

Oil commodity returns and macroeconomic factors: A time-varying approach

This paper analyses the dynamic influence of macroeconomic factors on oil commodity returns (crude oil and heating oil) shown in monthly data over the period of 1990–2013. Using a time-varying parameter model via the Kalman filter, we find that macroeconomic factors are relevant for explaining oil commodity returns. We find that multilateral exchange rates have a negative effect on commodity returns. We confirm the existence of a strong linkage between energy and non-energy commodities. More importantly, we find shifts in global demand and SP500 effects that are not identified through the constant parameter model. These variables have had a progressively positive effect on oil commodity returns, especially since 2008.     

黄浦江两岸地区公共空间可达性研究 ——基于社会网络分析的公共交通评价与 优化策略

黄浦江两岸地区正在打造世界级的滨江公共空间, 如何便捷、多样地抵达滨江公共空间是其规划设计和建设实施 的重要评价指标。将该评价指标定义为滨江公共空间可达性, 指居民利用滨江公共交通系统(常规公交)抵达滨江公共空间的 便捷性和多样性程度。利用社会网络分析方法,以虹口区和徐 汇区的滨江公共空间为例,构建了滨江公共空间可达性模型, 借助地理信息系统(ArcGIS)与计算机编程语言(Python)对现 状可达性进行量化分析评价,并提出优化滨江公共空间可达性 的算法和策略,以期更好地提升滨江公共空间可达性。