内部治理、外部环境与农村家族式中小型企业成长

家族式中小企业组织是中国农村社会变革和发展进程中一项制度变迁和制度创新,与农村环境具有天然的契舍性,文章首先对其进行了界定分析了其特征,然后从内部治理和外部环境两个方面,对影响我国农村家族式中小型企业成长的因素进行研究,认为农村中小家族企业“家族化治理”的制度合理性和历史局限性是融为一体的,外部环境因素也对农村家族式中小企业的发展起到决定作用,政策建议提升农村家族企业家的综合素质,实施企业文化创新,改善农村外部环境。     

农村老年人的生活状况与农村养老模式探析

随着人口老龄化的发展,老年人的社会保障问题日益引起关注,其中农村老年人的养老问题更显突出。本文从居住方式、经济状况、医疗状况、闲暇活动、养老方式与养老观念几个方面调查分析了农村老年人的生活状况,并以此为基础探讨了我国农村养老模式的现状与发展趋势。     

我国家庭农场历史与发展探析

在叙述和分析家庭经营发展历史阶段的基础上,探究了家庭农场这一新型农业经营主体概念提出的背景和原因,接着对家庭农场规模、劳动力、收入、资金来源等进行了深入分析和探讨,找出家庭农场区别其他经营主体的几大特点.在家庭农场概念、特点的基础上,对目前家庭农场发展遇见的问题和困难进行了分析,并提出相应的解决建议.     

家族企业制度安排演化的博弈分析

家族企业制度安排是保证其持续成长的内在基础,而缺乏系统的制度安排是目前我国家族企业主要弊病之一。本文运用演化博弈论的基本原理分析了家族企业制度安排的演进过程,具体论证了确立家族企业制度安排的必要性。     

比较优势理论与家庭内部劳动分工

本文运用新古典经济学的分析方法,从家庭内部成员,主要从夫妻二人拥有的比较优势角度,分析了家庭的形成及其家庭内部劳动分工格局。从理论上阐述在比较优势条件下,专业化和交换将导致整体联合利益增大。在此基础上,分析了家庭内部成员劳动分工的劳动力供给均衡点的形成及其变动情况。这一经济模型表明,为了提高家庭质量,实现整个家庭利益的最大化,必须实行家庭内部劳动分工。在充分信息和较低交易成本的前提下,一方面,从纯经济学角度分析家庭的形成及其变动;另一方面,也可以透视出家庭实际变化及相关制度的影响。     

家族涉入方式的差异如何影响企业双元创新意愿?

文章以2012-2017 年中国上市家族企业的数据,基于社会情感财富理论,分析了家族在股权与管理层两种不同涉入方式下的战略偏好与目标导向,进而探究出其对于双元创新的影响,并结合产品市场竞争环境下的情形,进一步分析了市场竞争的加剧对于股权涉入和管理层涉入与双元创新关系的调节效应。结果发现：家族在股权涉入与利用式创新呈显著的正相关,但与开发式创新呈负相关,而家族管理层涉入与利用式创新和开发式创新均呈现显著的正相关;产品市场环境的竞争能够加强家族股权涉入与利用式创新的正向关系和家族管理层涉入与开发式创新的正向关系。     

民营企业制度创新模式的动态选择

家族制企业的存在是世界范围内的一种普遍现象,也是我国民营企业的主体。通过文献研究和实地调研,我们认为不能简单地把家族制企业视为一种低效、落后的企业组织形式。家族制企业可分为古典家族制、准古典家族制、准现代家族制和现代家族制四种模式,民营企业的制度创新应该是一个依据企业规模和成长阶段而动态调整的过程。     

It's not what you know but who you know that's important: the influence of social networks on communities

Since its conception in 1945, the UK National Health Service (NHS) has been the focus of extensive political rhetoric regarding the involvement of patients and the public in the provision of health‐care services both locally and nationally. However, achieving substantial user involvement within local communities has proven to be a complex task. The exploratory research presented in this paper investigates the influence of social networks within local communities and its relevance for user involvement. Four main findings emerged: interviewees have strong informal social networks; there is a strong sense of generalized reciprocity; diversity is limited within the social groupings; and there exists a lack of trust in governmental institutions. With regards to health issues, there is an overriding feeling that ‘things like that should be left to the people who know’. If user involvement is to be achieved at the level envisioned by the UK government, achieving a greater relevance for users is essential.     

Accounting for Gender in a Study of the Motivation-Involvement Relationship

ABSTRACT

The effects of gender on involvement in high-risk recreation have received limited research attention despite mounting evidence suggesting the learned interactions between people and places likely vary for men and women. The purpose of this study was to provide insights into how gender influenced the motivation-involvement relationship among whitewater recreationists on a Wild and Scenic River in California. Our results revealed the motivations of Risk, Escape, Learning, and Achievement/Stimulation positively influenced involvement in rafting activities. Although gender did not influence all dimensions of involvement, we found that identity expression varied between subgroups. Specifically, men were more likely to ascribe meaning to rafting than women because this activity allowed them to affirm and express their individual character. The implications emanating from this study advance theoretical understanding of the factors that influence enduring involvement and inform natural resource management decisions about maintaining the desired benefits of activities sought by nature-based recreationists.     

The reversing influence of involvement on the framing effect: The role of emotions and negativity

The Asian disease problem (ADP), as a demonstration of the framing effect, revealed a preference reversal between options perceived as risky and those perceived as certain. This research identifies individuals' involvement level as a moderator of the framing effect. The framing effect in the ADP consisted of emotional choice outcomes regarding human lives. Two studies in this paper demonstrate that when based on emotional choices, the framing effect in high involvement conditions increases in size. Interestingly, this influence of involvement reverses when the framing effect is based on rational choices. The studies reveal that the negativity invoked by the certain loss option is instrumental in the underlying mechanism of the risky choice framing effect, such as that demonstrated by the ADP. Copyright © 2014 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.