疲劳驾驶致交通事故特点及有效预防分析

随着我国经济的快速发展,人们的生活水平呈现逐渐上升趋势,私家车也逐渐增多起来,给人们的日常生活带来极大便利。与此同时,所引发的交通事故也变得越来越多。据资料显示,80%-90%的交通事故都是人为因素所引起,疲劳驾驶、酒驾等都是引发交通事故的主要因素。各种交通事故的发生已经给人们敲响了警钟,如何有效预防交通事故的发生成为急需解决的问题。对此,文中主要针对疲劳驾驶致交通事故特点及有效预防进行了详细的分析,为进一步减少交通事故的发生提供了重要参考依据。     

驱动桥疲劳性能试验系统设计及研究

介绍了驱动桥疲劳性能试验方法,设计了驱动桥疲劳性能试验台,包括动力系统、液压系统、气动系统、惯量模拟组件和计算机测控系统等;对驱动桥疲劳性能试验台计算机测控系统软硬件进行了研究,设计了基于工控机总线结构的计算机控制系统,给出了硬件设计和系统软件方案;介绍了驱动桥疲劳性能测试的一般试验流程,并进行了性能试验。     

日本的超稳定经济结构浅析

日本经济在二战以后出现了前所未有的高速发展，一度成为后进国家的榜样，其发展模式也被广为借鉴。然而，“经济奇迹”过后，一直被经济学家看好的日本经济出现严重的“泡沫”，随着经济泡沫的破灭，日本陷入了长期停滞。这与日本的超稳定经济结构关系很大．日本的超稳定经济结构既造就了早期的高速增长，也是经济泡沫的主要成因，还是长期衰退的决定因素。这种超稳定结构是日本经济今后发展的最大障碍。     

油气管道平滑凹陷疲劳试验应变响应分析

将含深度15%OD平滑凹陷的试验管段进行疲劳试验,并监测凹陷不同部位的应变响应,结果表明：疲劳失效位置出现凹陷边缘位置,失效方式为轴向疲劳裂纹;凹陷中心在疲劳试验过程中,环向受拉,轴向受压;凹陷轴向中间位置和45°中间位置,环向和轴向均为拉应变,而凹陷环向中间位置,环向为拉应变,轴向为压应变;凹陷轴向边缘的环向和轴向均受压,45°边缘的环向和轴向均受拉,而环向边缘在疲劳试验过程中环向受压,轴向受拉。     

下肢消肿方治疗股骨粗隆间骨折术后患肢肿胀的临床观察

目的：探讨下肢消肿方对股骨粗隆间骨折术后患肢肿胀的临床治疗效果。方法：将股骨粗隆间骨折术后患肢肿胀患者60例随机分为两组,在常规治疗的基础上,其中治疗组30例予以下肢消肿方（我科协定处方）口服治疗,对照组30例予以七叶皂苷纳（系从我国娑罗子植物提取制作而成）注射液静点治疗,分别于术后第3、5、7d记录测量数据,并进行统计学处理,两组进行临床疗效对比。结果：治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,且对缓解患肢肿胀程度和减轻疼痛等各项指标均能明显改善,其疗效优于对照组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论：下肢消肿方具有促进局部血液循环作用,能明显改善股骨粗隆间骨折术后患肢肿胀情况。     

EH4电磁测深法在工程勘察中的应用

隧道周围一定范围内的岩溶洞穴及断层构造,都将产生安全隐患。为了避免施工风险和预防施工过程中可能出现的地质灾害,查明危害隧道安全的断层破碎带宽度、软弱带以及岩溶发育区的埋深和规模等十分必要。本文主要介绍了EH4电磁测深系统的原理、野外工作方法和资料处理,以及将此方法应用于某铁路隧道工程的前期勘察中,效果较好,说明该方法可对隧道的软弱层、地下水及断层破碎带的赋存进行超前的宏观预测。     

Cost effectiveness and cost utility of risedronate for osteoporosis treatment and fracture prevention in women: a Swiss perspective

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of risedronate compared to no intervention in postmenopausal osteoporotic women in a Swiss perspective.

Methods: A previously validated Markov model was populated with epidemiological and cost data specific to Switzerland and published utility values, and run on a population of 1,000 women of 70 years with established osteoporosis and previous vertebral fracture, treated over 5 years with risedronate 35 mg weekly or no intervention (base case), and five cohorts (according to age at therapy start) with eight risk factor distributions and three lengths of residual effects.

Results: In the base case population, the ICER of averting a hip fracture and the ICUR per quality-adjusted life year gained were both dominant. In the presence of a previous vertebral fracture, the ICUR was below €45,000 (£30,000) in all the scenarios. For all osteoporotic women ≥ 70 years of age with at least one risk factor, the ICUR was below €45,000 or the intervention may even be cost saving. Age at the start of therapy and the fracture risk profile had a significant impact on results.

Conclusion: Assuming a 2-year residual effect, that ICUR of risedronate in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis is below accepted thresholds from the age of 65 and even cost saving above the age of 70 with at least one risk factor.     

Lagged effect of daily surface acting on subsequent day’s fatigue

The present research investigated the causal relationship between daily surface acting and fatigue at the within-person level. With a longitudinal approach – experience sampling method – based on 10 successive days’ data, this study explored the lagged consequence of service employees’ daily surface acting. The results of multilevel analysis showed that the daily performance of surface acting decreased service employees’ subsequent day’s emotional well-being in the form of increased fatigue. Further, sleep conditions were found to alleviate this detrimental effect. This within-person level investigation of the causal lagged effect of daily surface acting and its moderating contextual factor complements the current emotional labor literature that has overly focused on the between-person level. The theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.     

某驱动桥半轴套管断裂分析和优化设计

后桥是汽车的关键零部件,起着承受载荷和扭矩的作用,一旦出现断裂,将严重影响乘客的生命安全,故对其失效模式分析尤为重要。本文对一款新型后桥在道路试验过程中发生半轴套管断裂的失效模式进行分析,通过材质检测及理论计算,对失效因素进行排查。最终找到失效原因,并提出改进措施,避免再次失效,对提高汽车的安全性意义重大。     

浅述商品混凝土裂缝的形成与预防

随着城市化的建设和建筑技术的发展,建筑规模逐渐扩大,楼房的层数不断增高,混凝土的设计强度标号也随之增大,加之施工现场越来越小,而商品混凝土作为建筑半成品的主要材料,以其质量可靠,施工方便,节省施工现场,提高施工效率,节能环保等特点,商品混凝土已被建筑市场广泛采用,但商品混凝土裂缝问题已成为工程结构的一个普遍质量问题,且日趋增多。本文通过庆阳市建设大厦工程实例,分析裂缝的形成,从源头着手达到预防和控制的目的。