刍议完善我国粮食安全预警机制的三个核心问题

我国的粮食安全预警机制的完善涉及到三个核心问题。一是有关粮食安全预警的组织机构问题。缺乏一个权责明确的预警机构,粮食安全预警机制作用就难以发挥。二是有关粮食安全预警的信息采集问题。粮食安全的信息量十分巨大,其撷取的方法是否精准及衡量粮食安全的指标体系的选择是否得当,直接关系到粮食安全预警的效用与价值。三是如何将粮食安全预警的信息传递给有关职能部门的问题,这需要构建一套规范的运作程序。     

松嫩平原自然宜垦性及耕地后备资源开发潜力

［目的］为保障我国粮食安全,为耕地后备资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据,同时完善中国区域耕地后备资源自然开发潜力方面的研究。［方法］文章从自然适宜性的角度出发,选取了地形、气候、土地类型和土壤4个方面15个评价因子,采用层次分析、专家打分等方法确定评价因子权重,构建松嫩平原宜垦性评价指标体系。［结果］（1）1980—2015年松嫩平原自然宜垦性整体较好,最适宜垦区与较适宜垦区占松嫩平原面积的5068%,分布在松嫩平原腹地大部地区,中部、中北部、中南部等地;(2)松嫩平原已开垦耕地资源中,持续利用耕地占松嫩平原面积的4814%,空间上与宜垦程度高值区高度吻合;(3)新增耕地占区域面积的126%,以中度适宜垦区和较适宜垦区为主;(4)松嫩平原耕地后备资源占松嫩平原土地面积的1556%,在松嫩平原西部地区、中部和东北部地区均有分布,耕地后备资源中度及以上宜垦区占后备资源总量的7465%。［结论］目前大庆市和白城市可开发耕地后备资源最为丰富,但其中轻度及不适宜开垦区所占比例大,开发难度较大; 松原市可开发资源相对丰富且开垦难度小。     

Unveiling ways to reach organic purchase: Green perceived value,perceived knowledge,attitude, subjective norm,and trust

This paper aims to investigate organic food consumption based on the perspectives of an extended research model by integrating the theory of consumption value (TCV) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA). First, we tried to find out how five consumption values of functional, social, emotional, conditional, and epistemic in classic TCV influence consumption choice especially in the sustainable consumption domain of organic food, interpreted as green perceived value (GPV) in the reflective-reflective second-order latent. Second, as an attempt to extend the classic TRA, this study included trust and perceived knowledge in the research model in addition to the subjective norm, attitude, and behavioral intention. A partial least square structural equation method (PLS-SEM) was adopted to examine our research model with 251 samples. Our results revealed that GPV significantly affects consumer attitudes. Consumer attitudes and subjective norms also have a significantly positive effect on purchase intention. As an extended TRA, GPV has a significantly positive effect on trust while trust significantly impacts purchase intention. Further, perceived knowledge positively influences attitude and trust. By jointly considering TCV and TRA, this study proposes several implications emphasizing how GPV and perceived knowledge affects consumers’ organic food consumption choice based on the role of increased trust.     

电子政务建设策略

电子政务是借助电子信息技术进行的政务活动,政府机构运用现代计算机和通信网络技术,将政府内部和外部的管理和服务职能通过整合、重组、优化,打破时间、空间以及部门分隔的制约,为社会公众以及政府自身提供一体化的、高效的、优质的管理和服务。电子政务正成为我国信息化建设的新热点,在热潮中,我们更应认真思考电子政务的建设策略,防止决策失误。     

中国农产品进出口与农业产业安全预警分析

农业产业安全是指农业的生存与发展不受到外来势力根本威胁的状态.本文采用农业产业安全评价指标体系与预警界限对农业产业安全进行预警分析,在预测中国农产品进出口额及粮食供需状况的基础上,对本世纪初中国农业产业安全度的情况进行了估算.     

基于社会保障理论的孤残儿童福利研究

目前社会救助保障制度已基本覆盖浙江省孤残儿童,大部分孤残儿童享受养育、医疗、康复、教育等方面的优惠政策,基本权益得到有效保障。但是,孤残儿童保障政策制定和实施、儿童福利机构的建设也存在一些问题。应加强各部门之间的组织协调,合力推进儿童福利事业发展;出台儿童福利保障政策,建立完善新型孤残儿童福利体系;加强儿童福利机构自身建设,提升可持续发展能力;积极稳妥推行家庭寄养工作;加强舆论宣传,弘扬爱心助残助孤义举,推动孤儿福利事业与慈善事业共同发展。     

提高网络银行安全的思考与建议

网络交易的便利性吸引了众多的网民开通网上银行服务,但是网络银行的安全性却一直被网民所怀疑。网民在网络交易时往往会担心:网上银行到底安全吗?该怎样安全使用网银?本文根据作者平时使用习惯,分别从电脑系统安全、网址或产品选择以及个人网银使用三个方面来探讨如何提高网络银行安全。     

The effect of information on consumers' willingness to pay for natural and organic chicken

This study examined the effect of definitions for organic and natural on willingness to pay a premium for organic over natural chicken. Data were collected using surveys and experimental auctions that were conducted before and after information was presented. Before information, approximately two‐thirds of participants inaccurately equated the requirements of natural with those for organic. After information, nearly 50% increased their premium, while 30% decreased their premium. Logistic regression results showed that consumers who had overestimated the requirements for natural were most likely to have an increased premium after information, with significantly higher bids for organic. For those who decreased their premium after information, awareness of consuming genetically modified (GM) foods was a key variable. The non‐genetically modified (non‐GM) requirement of organic appears to be of low value to some consumers. Overall, consumer confusion regarding organic and natural standards may be having substantial impacts on the two markets.     

Consumer coping strategies: a study of consumers committed to eating local

This paper deals with consumer coping strategies when consumers experience difficulties in implementing an innovation. The particular setting for exploring this issue is a group of consumers in Michigan who are committed to eating local. The paper explores how these consumers cope or balance their commitment to eating local with the constraints they face on buying and preparing local food Following a literature review of coping strategy and consumer coping strategies in relation to innovations, the paper presents the results of three focus groups conducted with members of a Student Organic Farm, a food cooperative and a Slow Food Convivium. The consumers we interviewed mostly adopt problem‐centred, confrontative strategies: they change their food‐consumption habits including shopping, purchasing, cooking, storing and obviously, eating. None of these changes are easy to implement, and most require re‐allocations of time as well as trade‐offs to overcome time and cost barriers. In return, some of these consumers feel empowered. This study allows us to offer a working hypothesis that the process is dynamic: the more committed consumers are, the more they adopt problem‐centred, confrontative strategies and forget more fatalist emotion‐centred or avoidance strategies. These findings contribute to literature on consumers' coping strategies and suggest future research avenues.