Multilateral Comparison of Cost Structures in the Input–Output Tables of Japan,the US and West Germany

This paper presents a multilateral comparison of relative levels and structures of costs of production in Japan, the US and West Germany. The analysis is carried out by using harmonized input–output tables, which are converted at US prices by using adjusted sectoral purchasing power parities. A new accounting methodology is derived from recent developments of index number theory, whereas the chosen multilateral comparison procedure gives results that are invariant with respect to the order of the pairs of countries examined.     

The Dynamic Production Axioms and System Dynamics Behaviors: The Foundation for Future Integration

Realistically, organizational and/or system performance is dynamic and non-linear. However, in the efficiency literature, system performance is frequently evaluated considering linear combinations of the input/output variables and without explicitly taking into account the causes of efficiency behavior nor the dynamic behavior of systems. Policy decisions based on these results may be sub-optimized because the non-linear relationships among variables, causal relationships, and feedback mechanisms are ignored.This research takes the initial step of evaluating system performance in a dynamic environment, by relating the factors that effect system performance to the policies that govern it. To accomplish this, this paper extends the concepts of the static production axioms into a dynamic realm, where inputs are not instantaneously converted into outputs. The relationships of these new dynamic production axioms to the basic behaviors associated with system dynamics structures are explored.     

Productive Efficiency of the Swine Industry in Hawaii: Stochastic Frontier vs. Data Envelopment Analysis

Improving productive efficiency is an increasingly important determinant of the future of the swine industry in Hawaii. This paper examines the productive efficiency of a sample of swine producers in Hawaii by estimating a stochastic frontier production function and the constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) output-oriented DEA models. The technical efficiency estimates obtained from the two frontier techniques are compared. The scale properties are also examined under the two approaches. The industry's potential for increasing production through improved efficiency is also discussed.     

VE在油田开发中的应用

孤岛采油厂历经30多年的开发,已处于特高含水期产量递减阶段。由于新井产量受到自然资源和投资的限制是有限的,要减缓原油产量的递减,依靠的是大量增产措施的投入,而每项措施的实施需要耗费几万元到几十万元的费用。所以,引起开发后期油田成本上升的主要原因是油田增产措施难度加大,投入相应增加。为此,我们引入VE原理,科学实施增产措施工作量,达到了降低作业成本,提高增油效果的目的。     

企业生产物流中物料搬运方式的优化

企业生产物流中物料的搬运方式一般由所搬运的物料的功能、性质、搬运量等进行选择，仅局限于定性分析。通过建立数学模型，对企业生产物流搬运方式进行定量优化，并通过实例，说明对生产物流搬运方式进行量化分析是可行的。     

Input- and Output-Oriented Technical Efficiency of Ukrainian Collective Farms, 1989–1992: Bayesian Analysis of a Stochastic Production Frontier Model

We propose estimation of a stochastic production frontier model within a Bayesian framework to obtain the posterior distribution of single-input-oriented technical efficiency at the firm level. All computations are carried out using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The approach is illustrated by applying it to production data obtained from a survey of Ukrainian collective farms. We show that looking at the changes in single-input-oriented technical efficiency in addition to the changes in output-oriented technical efficiency improves the understanding of the dynamics of technical efficiency over the first years of transition in the former Soviet Union.     

抓好在制品动态管理,提高现场综合管理水平

在制品这个生产管理方面的术语 ,在工厂里尽人皆知。它既是生产过程进行的必然结果 ,又是维持连续生产的必要条件。本文以推行精益生产方式为出发点 ,提出了对在制品实施动态管理的思路和方法 ,从而实现以动态的思想有效控制不断流动着和变化着的在制品的目的。     

农机服务规模经营对粮食生产效率的影响机理研究

依据2009—2019年全国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的省级面板数据,运用随机前沿分析方法和Tobit模型,考量农机服务规模经营对粮食生产效率的影响及其作用机理。结果显示：2009—2019年,中国粮食生产效率总体递增,但区域间发展不平衡;农机服务规模经营通过技术引入效应和劳动力替代效应提高粮食生产效率,其中,技术引入效应的发挥受限于农业研发支出水平及其增速,劳动力替代效应在农业劳动力成本高的区域发挥的影响效用更佳。鉴于此,应加快农业科技创新,发展粮食生产全程机械化服务,完善农机社会化服务体系。     

发展我国私人银行业务的若干思考

私人银行是指以财富管理为核心、面向社会富裕人士提供的一种个性化高端金融服务,其显著特点是根据客户需求提供量身定做的金融服务,并保证私密性.我国财富管理市场潜力巨大、需求极其旺盛,且中资银行在私人银行业务方面拥有比较优势,发展我国私人银行业务的前景广阔.但是,发展我国私人银行业务也面临着诸如服务理念落后、产品狭窄、专业人才匮乏、管理信息系统滞后等诸多制约因素.因此,我国银行业应营造正确的金融服务和金融消费理念,推进业务综合化、拓展金融产品,构建高效的人才机制和信息管理系统,加强与有丰富私人银行经验的外资银行的战略合作,以促进私人银行业务的发展.     

论细分化和联合化思想在营销专业产学结合中的应用

产学结合作为目前高校特别是高职院校办学的特色和亮点，近来越来越被强调、应用，呈现出蓬勃发展的趋势。本文从产学结合的实际应用情况出发，引入细分化和联合化的思想，对营销专业产学结合的发展趋势做了一定的思考。