基于通胀压力分析政府救市政策的退出

在国际金融危机中,我国政府出台了大规模的救市计划以应对冲击.而在后金融危机时期,由于一些宏观经济因素发生变化,例如通货膨胀压力增大等,政府救市政策自然应逐步退出.笔者选择基于防范通货膨胀的视角来分析政府应如何选择最佳的救市政策退出方式,通过建立脉冲响应函数,分析金融危机中三类主要的政府救市政策即财政政策、货币政策和流动性政策对通货膨胀率的影响,并根据三类救市政策不同的影响力度和滞后期,判断其合理的退出方式.     

社会固定投资与居民福利量化关系模型分析

固定资本投资是流动资本投资的前提和基础,也是整个社会经济规模扩张与发展所必须依赖的重要物质基础。现期厂商的固定资本投资会直接导致本期总需求的增加,在保持总供求平衡的前提下,政府本期的调控货币投放规模将会相应减小,从而影响本期社会弱势居民的福利水平。     

Regulation and taxation: A complementarity

I show how quantity regulation can lower elasticities and thereby increase optimal tax rates. Such regulation imposes regulatory incentives for particular choice quantities. Their strength varies between zero (laissez faire) and infinite (command economy). In the latter case, regulation effectively eliminates any intensive behavioral responses to taxes; a previously distortionary tax becomes a lump sum. For intermediate regulation (where some deviation is feasible), intensive behavioral responses are still weaker than under zero regulation, and so quantity regulation reduces elasticities, thereby facilitating subsequent taxation. I apply this mechanism to labor supply and present correlational evidence for this complementarity: hours worked in high-regulation countries are compressed, and these countries tax labor at higher rates.     

Certification and minimum quality standards when some consumers are uninformed

We compare certification to a minimum quality standard (MQS) policy in a duopolistic industry where firms incur quality-dependent fixed costs and only a fraction of consumers observe the quality of the offered goods. Compared to the unregulated outcome, both profits and social welfare would increase if firms could commit to producing a higher quality. An MQS restricts the firms׳ quality choice and leads to less differentiated goods. This fuels competition and may therefore deter entry. A certification policy, which awards firms with a certificate if the quality of their products exceeds some threshold, does not restrict the firms׳ quality choice. In contrast to an MQS, certification may lead to more differentiated goods and higher profits. We find that firms are willing to comply with an ambitious certification standard if the share of informed consumers is small. In that case, certification is more effective from a welfare perspective than a minimum quality standard because it is less detrimental to entry.     

深圳中心商务区的区位转移及其机制

20世纪80年代形成的罗湖商业区可以看作是深圳目前的中心商务区，正在建设中的深圳中心区（福田中心区）将会是未来深圳的中心商务区。在深圳城市经济重心西移等内外固定的作用下，深圳商务中心区西移趋势已经形成。本文主要就福田中心区的成长和深圳中心商务区由罗湖向福田转移的机制作了探讨。     

公共产品供给视角下的新型农村合作医疗制度——以浙江省宁波市为例

作为农村公共产品,我国二元经济背景下农村医疗保障制度的建立和完善更多地依赖于政府。文章以农村公共产品理论为基础,在分析农村医疗保障制度的属性和特点基础上,以浙江省宁波市农村医疗保障制度的发展为例,提出了建立和完善农村医疗保障制度的政策建议。     

LIBERAL ECONOMICS AND THE RISE OF LAISSEZ‐FAIRE ECOLOGY

The shift in thinking about how to manage national economies and economic systems in the 1980s was part of a broader revolution in intellectual thought. This is seen in ecology, where a shift in thinking about how to manage environments took place at the same time. Traditionally, the environment was viewed in determinist (structuralist) terms, as a system which was susceptible to management and manipulation. Ecosystems were thought to evolve through predictable stages, reaching a climax state. From the late 1980s, ecologists became increasingly convinced that ecosystems, like economic systems, are complex. They argued that while human intervention is often necessary, wherever possible it should be replaced with more natural controls, which can often fulfil policy aims as well if not better than deliberate intervention. Like economies, the best ecosystems are those which largely manage themselves.     

关于加强基础设施建设投资的若干问题

认为加大基础设施建设投资不仅是因为基础设施是城市赖以生存和发展的重要基础,是城市社会经济发展的龙头,是推动城市化进程的重要环节,更重要的是由基础设施建设促进的城市化必然产生实际的、长久的社会需求。在中国实现经济转型的多种路径选择中,加强城市基础设施的投入仍然是现实的和重要的途径。要把握基础设施准公共物品的基本特点,坚持政府在基础设施投入过程中的主导作用,坚持走以城镇基础设施投入推动城市化的路径。     

美国政府采购原产地判定制度解析

政府采购作为财政支出管理的重要措施,对国民经济产生着重大的影响和指导作用。在国际问政府采购活动中,原产地中的国货判定标准成为保护本国经济利益的重要手段之一,因此一些国家在关于政府采购的立法中对政府采购国产货做了相应的规定。我国加入WTOGPA所面临的重大问题就是在对外开放和保护民族产业之间达成平衡。文章以美国为典型代表,详细分析了美国相关法律法规对政府采购中原产地判定标准的界定,为我国制定政府采购相关政策提供参考。     

关注NTYAA的实施,警惕新的贸易技术壁垒

本文对NTTAA的产生、主要内容及其实施进行了深度分析，并提醒人们NTTAA的实施可能产生新的贸易技术壁垒。