柴达木枸杞籽油丸研究及产业化发展

以柴迭木枸杞的副产品——枸杞籽为原料,采用超声波辅助超临界CO2萃取技术、低温真空冻干技术、生物技术、油丸技术为一体生产柴达木枸杞籽油丸。将柴达木枸杞中有效成分提取出来,确保其纯天然、高浓度及高效的生理活性。通过国内外技术发展需求状况及企业现有基础,提出了项目研究目标与内容．并对该项目经济效益进行了分析。     

能量收集双向中继网络的中继选择和功率分配

结合能量收集技术,研究了放大转发双向中继网络的系统性能。基于双向中继系统中的两个端到端信噪比平衡准则,推导出了单中继选择情况下信源最优的功率分配方案和中继最优的能量收集比例。仿真结果证明所提方法能够实现最好的系统性能。通过比较发现,能量收集双向中继网络比传统双向中继网络能够实现更高的传输速率。     

Optimal fishery harvesting rules under uncertainty

This paper derives the optimal fishery harvest policy in a real-option model with a stochastic logistic growth process, harvest-sensitive output price, and both fixed and variable harvesting costs. The policy specifies the harvest trigger and harvest size, while outputs from the model include the value of the fishery and the risk of extinction. The optimal policy is illustrated with data from the Pacific Halibut Fishery. For this particular case, the optimal policy recommends harvesting when the fish stock rises to about three-quarters the environmental carrying capacity, and the amount harvested should be approximately a quarter of the prevailing stock. This harvesting policy maximizes the value of the fishery, and importantly, the resulting risk of extinction is negligible. We also carry out some sensitivity analysis to see how the optimal policy (and the resulting fishery value and risk of extinction) change when the input parameters are varied, particularly the ecological parameters intrinsic growth rate and volatility of the stock, and also the economic parameters that have been ignored in previous papers (price sensitivity and fixed cost). If the optimal policy is followed, the risk of extinction will be negligible, except for very low growth rate and high volatility.     

仿栗籽蛋白的提取工艺研究

选择纤维素酶与木瓜蛋白酶复合对仿栗籽蛋白进行提取,以蛋白提取率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验提取工艺进行优化。结果表明,仿栗籽蛋白的最佳提取工艺条件为:总加酶量500 U/g,纤维素酶与木瓜蛋白酶的酶活力配比5∶5,料液比1∶25,酶解温度60℃,酶解时间120 min,酶解pH8.0。该条件下仿栗籽蛋白提取率为74.33%。     

The Impact of Seed Policy Reforms and Intellectual Property Rights on Crop Productivity in India

The growth of private investment in developing‐country agriculture, new advances in the biological sciences, and rapid integration of developing countries into the global trading system has heightened interest in the topic of seed market and intellectual property rights’ (IPRs) policies among public policy‐makers, corporate decision‐makers and other actors in the agricultural sector. But there are still unanswered questions about whether emerging and evolving seed policy reforms and IPR regimes in developing countries will contribute to increasing crop productivity and improving food security. This paper attempts to answer some of these questions by focusing specifically on the case of India, the regional leader in implementing seed policy reforms and IPRs in agriculture. Findings indicate that maize and pearl millet yields grew significantly during the last two decades due partly to the combination of (1) public policies that encouraged private investment in India’s seed industry during the 1980s, and (2) biological IPRs conferred by hybridisation that conveniently married the private sector’s need for appropriability with the nation’s need for productivity growth. Although past lessons are not an indication of future success, this convergence of policy solutions and technology opportunities can be replicated for other crops that are vital to India’s food security.     

河北省国有林场森林采伐管理改革意愿分析

以河北省3个典型国有林场为研究对象,采用参与式半结构调查方法,对森林采伐现状和改革意愿进行调查分析表明,现行采伐制度存在着分类管理类型多、审批手续复杂,并且与森林经营方案脱节等问题,森林采伐管理制度已经不能完全适应森林可持续经营要求。政策建议:逐步建立以森林经营方案为核心的森林资源管理制度,强化森林经营方案编制与执行力度。     

哈东沿江湿地自然保护区野生种子植物组成及区系划分

为掌握黑龙江哈东沿江湿地自然保护区野生种子植物资源现状,本研究于2018-2020年,采用样线法,在该保护区内对野生种子植物组成进行实地调查,并对科、属及种的区系进行分析.结果显示,该保护区内共发现野生种子植物53科162属265种(包括2亚种及3变种),均为被子植物.以菊科(Compositae)、禾本科(Grami...     

植物人工种子及在观赏植物中的应用

人工种子技术是20世纪80年代中期发展起来的技术,是当前研究的热点,概述了植物人工种子的制备、贮藏等问题,并探讨了在观赏植物中的应用前景。     

石榴籽油的提取及成分分析

探讨了石榴籽油提取过程中受溶剂、温度、回流时间的影响因素,确定了石榴籽经石油醚,在85℃下回流2h提取、皂化和甲基化得到的总脂肪酸甲酯经GC分析,共检出12种成分。确定脂肪酸成分为棕榈酸（2．5％）、硬脂酸（1．6％）、亚油酸（4．8％）、油酸（4．7％）、花生酸（0．4％）、花生-烯酸（0．8％）、花生二烯酸（0．3％）、山嵛酸（0．2％）、石榴酸（62．9％）、α-桐酸（15．6％）、β-桐酸（6．0％）、未知酸（0．2％）。     

马铃薯收获环节的实物和价值损耗研究

[目的]为研究我国马铃薯在收获环节实物和价值损耗情况,从而针对性提出马铃薯在收获环节的降损措施,课题组在马铃薯主产区甘肃省和内蒙古进行实地调研。[方法]文章通过数学统计方法如算术平均值、加权平均值等计算实物损耗量和实物损耗率,并从成本损失和收益损失两个层面计算价值损耗,通过SPSS软件进行独立样本T检验,检验调研结果是否有统计学意义。[结果]马铃薯在收获环节的实物损耗率为5.12%,机械收获马铃薯的实物损耗率为4.35%,人工收获马铃薯的实物损耗率为6.10%。尽管机械收获马铃薯的生产总成本高于人工收获,但是机械收获的实物损耗率低于人工收获,导致机械收获的价值损耗同样小于人工收获。根据调研结果显示由于收获环节的损耗造成的收益损失占总收入的比例高达5.41%。[结论]通过推广机械收获可以降低1.75%的损耗率,加大农民的培训可以降低0.87%的损耗率,扩大种植规模可以降低0.75%的损耗率,共可以降低3.37%的损耗率,从而增加马铃薯供给量和农民收入。