高职高专数学课程教学有效性的思考

提高高职高专数学课堂教学有效性的策略与方法包括：改变学生的学习心理,更新教育观念;结合学生的职业岗位需求,优化课程结构内容;迎合学生的学习需求,改革教学方法并完善教学手段;适应学生个性的发展,突出学生的主体地位;提升学生的个人参与意识,重视学生在学习中的回报率;融入数学文化的教学,提高学生的数学素养;督促学生良好习惯的养成,勉强的灌输有时是需要。     

The cost effectiveness of zonisamide as adjunctive therapy in adult partial seizure epilepsy

Summary

Many patients with epilepsy continue to have partial seizures requiring add-on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Zonisamide, a broad-spectrum AED, has recently entered the European market and must be compared with the current standard of care. The objective of this study was to determine the cost effectiveness of zonisamide as treatment for adults with uncontrolled partial epilepsy in Scotland. A Markov decision model was developed from the perspective of the Scottish National Health Service. Outcome measures included quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs in GBP.

Patients treated with zonisamide had a 15-year incremental cost of £20 and 0.026 additional QALYs compared with patients treated with levetiracetam. These modest differences result in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for zonisamide of £761/QALY.

We conclude that zonisamide is a cost-effective treatment for adult patients with refractory partial epilepsy being treated according to Scottish treatment patterns and costs, assuming a willingness to pay of £20,000/QALY.     

Measurement of Advertising Effectiveness： How Different Theories About the Relative Importance of Sales vs. Recall/Recognition vs. Emotion Were Popular

The aim of this chapter is to run through the history of marketing research applied to measuring the effectiveness of advertising and deepen in all those theories that have shed light on this aspect and have influenced subsequent theories and models. This historical review offers the opportunity of knowing the past and understanding better the present of market research applied to advertising. It is a chronological analysis to present day, which introduces the development of the explanatory models for the functioning of advertising and the theoretical and empirical contributions in this area.     

挖掘地方历史文化资源，增进高职思政课教学有效性——以广州为例

地方历史文化资源对高职思想政治理论课建设具有重要价值。广州拥有丰富的近现代史资源、爱国名人文化、平实厚重、敢为人先的岭南传统文化等。对此加以开发，使之融入课堂、建设实践教学基地，开展有针对性的主题活动，是增进高职思政课教学有效性的有益途径。     

“国际金融中心”需要怎样的城市形象广告片?——上海城市形象广告片的受众认知和态度比较研究

上海立志建设成为国际金融中心,打造这一城市品牌形象是一个系统工程,营销传播工作是重要的组成。本研究从广告效果空间论角度,对上海现有的四部城市形象广告进行了受众认知和态度效果的比较,并引入中外受众所代表的不同涉入度作为调节变量。我们根据结果绘制了四支广告在认知-态度二维图上的位置,并发现不同涉入度对认知效果没有调节作用,而对态度效果上则有调节作用。基于这些发现,我们提出了如何创作有效的国际金融中心城市形象广告的建议。     

Modelling the Risks Associated with the Increased Importation of Fresh Produce from Emerging Supply Sources Outside the EU to the UK

The risk of non‐indigenous plant pests entering the UK via international trade in fresh produce is increasing. The objective of this article is to identify existing and emerging supply sources for UK fresh produce importers and examine the extent to which they could provide invasion pathways. We tested the hypothesis that increased imports of fresh produce from new sources outside the European Union could increase the risks of non‐indigenous insect pests. We use a bio‐economic model approach in which the number of species arrivals is a function of the volume of imports, whereas the volume of imports itself is a function of gross domestic product, relative import prices and seasonality. The study has identified clear trends, which show import volumes of fresh produce and species detections increasing from new supply sources. If this trend continues in the future, then the UK inspection agency should expect to confront species from new suppliers in much greater numbers, given that import volumes of fresh produce are income elastic.     

谈企业会计电算化的内部控制

会计电算化的实践证明,计算机本身处理出错几乎为零,但人为造成的出错和舞弊现象有增无减,而且一旦出现舞弊,损失巨大.因此,制定严格的内控制度非常必要.随着技术的进一步,商务的迅速兴起,对会计电算化系统提出了更高的要求,我们应从实际工作出发,建立和完善更为先进的电算化内部控制制度,不断提高会计工作水平和会计信息的质量,更好地为提高企业化管理水平.     

Health-related quality-of-life in patients after elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm

Abstract

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to describe the health-related quality-of-life (QoL) in patients after elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) compared to a normal population and to study the association between QoL and number of years since surgery.

Methods:

All Danish men who underwent elective surgery for AAA at the age of 65 or more in the period from 1989–2007 in Denmark were invited to participate in the survey. Of 722 patients, 375 were alive and 328 (87%) responded. The instruments EQ-5D (European Quality of life), EQ-VAS and SF-12 (Short Form Health Survey) were applied for measuring health-related QoL. Multiple regression analysis was used to study the association between QoL and number of years since AAA surgery.

Results:

A significantly poorer QoL was found in patients having had AAA surgery compared to the normal population as measured with the SF-12 and the EQ-VAS, but not with EQ-5D. A negative association between QoL and years following surgery was found with EQ-VAS and SF-12 (PCS), but not with the other instruments.

Discussion:

Factors such as selection bias because of mortality and non-response may have resulted in an over-estimate of the QoL in patients having had AAA surgery, thus the difference in QoL compared to the normal population was probably under-estimated. The cross-section design was inefficient for the study of the association between QoL and years since surgery, and EQ-5D may be an insensitive instrument for measuring QoL in AAA patients after surgery.

Limitations:

The main limitation of the study was the cross-sectional design. Males with a higher risk of death were under-represented in the sample.

Conclusion:

A poorer quality-of-life was found in patients having had elective AAA surgery compared to the normal population.     

FRA在我国商业银行应用中的风险控制

本文从FRA自身可能产生风险的视角而非传统利率风险管理过程的角度,分析了FRA在制度设计、参考利率选择、报价品种等方面存在的诸多风险因素,并在此基础上提出加强对我国FRA风险控制的对策,避免商业银行应用FRA进行风险管理时遭受风险,提高风险管理水平。