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21.
Expatriates are often assumed to have enhanced terms and conditions and, because that makes them expensive, to be in key managerial or technical specialist roles. Employees who come from abroad and are in more manual or even menial roles are usually referred to as ‘migrants’. However, there are millions of people around the world who are not migrants, their intended sojourn in a foreign country is seen by them and their employers as temporary, but their employment contracts are far from advantageous compared with those of locals. These ‘hidden’ expatriates are brought into focus in the emerging Arab Gulf States. In some of these countries, the population consists mainly of expatriates, with the local population a small minority: These expatriates include many in lower‐management or manual or menial jobs. We demarcate these expatriates from organisationally assigned expatriates, self‐initiated expatriates and migrants. We use qualitative data from such expatriates in the United Arab Emirates to explore the issues this raises for governments, employers and the expatriates – and for our understanding of the phenomenon of expatriation. 相似文献
22.
本文主要通过对营盘山大型溶洞施工组织顺序上的调整和对施工工艺工法顺序的处理方法调整及选择方面介绍,希望对类似的溶洞处理的施工有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
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The objective of this article is to investigate the hypothesis of asymmetric effects between economic growth and renewable and nonrenewable energy production. To this end, both the linear cointegration and the hidden cointegration methodology are employed, with the latter allowing a straightforward delimitation of the data in an economically sensible way. We test for the presence of hidden cointegration across 12 sub-Saharan African countries spanning the period 1971–2011. The empirical results confirm the growth hypothesis for a subset of countries, suggesting that their growth could be adversely affected by conservation policies, while for a second subgroup of countries they confirm the conservation hypothesis, indicating that conservation policies could enhance the growth process in these countries. The differentiation of the results could be captured entirely by the linear approach, indicating that the lack of cointegration between renewable energy production and economic growth found in previous studies may be due to failures to properly delimit the nonlinearity property in the data. 相似文献
25.
本文介绍了我国目前轨道交通工程的现状以及所发生的事故特点、隐患体系,并对如何建立起有效的排查预防机制进行一定的分析探讨。 相似文献
26.
隐患排查是确保空中交通管制安全的重要手段,对隐患进行分级评估是提供隐患治理的重要依据。以管制的隐患为研究对象,以专家评估为基础,构建基于云模型的安全隐患分级模型。针对规章对隐患分级较为粗略的问题,为了提高评价的精度,在规章分级的基础上构建隐患评价等级。为了提高评价的准确性,采用专家群决策的方法对隐患等级进行评估。为了提升评估的客观性,在定性评估的基础上,引入云模型,开展定量评估。最后通过示例展示评估流程。研究结果表明,基于云模型的方法具有良好的可行性和适用性。 相似文献
27.
Yuichi Yamamoto 《Theoretical Economics》2019,14(3):1115-1167
This paper studies infinite‐horizon stochastic games in which players observe actions and noisy public information about a hidden state each period. We find a general condition under which the feasible and individually rational payoff set is invariant to the initial prior about the state when players are patient. This result ensures that players can punish or reward their opponents via continuation payoffs in a flexible way. Then we prove the folk theorem, assuming that public randomization is available. The proof is constructive and uses the idea of random blocks to design an effective punishment mechanism. 相似文献
28.
20世纪90年代拉美国家的财政失衡有所缓解,但是债务负担依然沉重,尤其"顺周期"的财政政策导致宏观经济更加不稳定,削弱了抵御外部冲击的能力.在"华盛顿共识"的影响下,拉美国家主要实施了强化财政纪律、调整公共支出结构、大幅度削减关税以及国有企业私有化等方面的财政改革,试图通过中短期的财政调整来解决长期存在的发展依赖外资和收入分配不公等诸多结构性矛盾,然而这种改革方式的有效性非常有限,其财政改革的经验教训可为我国财政改革提供有益的启示和借鉴. 相似文献
29.
Corporate real estate disposals have increased in Europe during the past few years. In this research paper, we study market reactions of publicly traded European companies' real estate sale and leaseback announcements during 1998–2004. This study is one of the first ones to study the sale and leaseback impact on corporate value with a pan‐European data. We find that the sale and leaseback announcements have on average positive impact to firm's value which is in line with the previous studies. However, we also find that the positive effect is mainly caused by the deals with high transaction value to company market value ratio. Smaller transactions do not create on average any abnormal returns. Our results support the hypothesis that the positive sale and leaseback announcement effect is a consequence of revealed hidden value of the company's assets. Thus, sale and leaseback can also be seen as a mechanism for revealing the hidden value of company's assets to the market. 相似文献
30.
我国西南地区属多岩溶地区,喀斯特地貌分布广泛,近几年来铁路部门不断探索铁路通过岩溶地区的处理方法,文章详细介绍了洛阳至湛江铁路通过益阳至永州段DK323+777~DK324+080岩溶路基的注浆处理施工情况,说明岩溶注浆处理铁路路基是一种行之有效的方法。 相似文献