基于XML/Web Service的电子商务系统模型的研究

XML是当前处理结构化文档信息的有力工具,而WebService是当今IT界的关注热点。将二者结合起来开发电子商务系统的主要目标是在现有的各种异构平台的基础上,构筑一个可以通用的与平台和语言无关的技术层,来实现各种不同平台上的数据交互。本文研究了一个基于XML/Web服务的电子商务应用系统模型,罗列了它的关键技术,并描述了一个基于XML/Web服务的电子商务系统模型的应用示例——ICX电子商城管理系统。     

农村贫困地区家庭幼儿照料对女性非农就业的影响

自从1978年改革开放以来,非农就业已经成为中国农村家庭收入增长的主要来源。然而,男性和女性对非农经济活动的参与机会存在不平等。考察了农村女性的家庭幼儿照料责任对此所产生的影响。在农村贫困地区,缺乏稳定可靠的幼儿看护机构是母亲非农就业的主要障碍。2001年四个国定贫困县592户调查数据的回归分析结果证实,拥有6岁以下幼儿使女性农业生产的参与率增加1.94个百分点,而非农私营活动和挣工资活动的参与率分别下降1.22和0.7个百分点。     

A communication framework for climatic risk and enhanced green growth in the eastern coast of Ghana

Progresses made in global responses to climate change shows that adaptation is gradually finding its way into development planning, yet delays are generally expected from competing priorities of several sectors, policy and knowledge challenges. To understand these dynamics, a pathway for enhanced climatic risk communication, which is a form of a non-structural adaptation, was analyzed in Ghana’s coastal zones. Two learning platforms, the Community-based Risk Screening Tool for Adaptation and Livelihoods (CRiSTAL), and U-Learning (Theory U-Process) were used to engage the state level policy-making process in governing development within coastal zones in the face of increased climatic risks and climate change impacts. Local livelihood priorities showed that a national level development planning framework that excluded local contexts of climatic risks face possible maladaptation. Subsequently the process that was engaged in the local contextualization of climatic risks and development in selected Districts culminated in the consensus framework, Coastal Zone Green Growth (CZGG), informed mostly by concerns over clean energy usage and ecologically compatible use of coastal resources. Therefore the CZGG potentially provides co-benefits for enhanced ecosystem services, livelihoods and adaptation. Thus, it constitutes a denominator for measuring climatic risks and adaptation to potentially inform the policy-making process towards sustainable coastal zone management practices. Except for the desired goals of CZGG being far reaching and futuristic, they overlapped with goals of the adaptation strategies of the local population, which are similar to development goals. Therefore communicating localized contexts of coastal climatic risks of which sea level rise is seen often as remote to planning, could strengthen risk management in integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) and enhance resilience of vulnerable communities. However, this will require the designation of a body which is accustomed to the local issues to facilitate, harmonize and coordinate multi-sector actions and diverse stakeholders’ interests for the CZGG to become a reality in contributing to ICZM in Ghana.     

New development: Bullying in a reforming context—a holistic,layered model of the interpersonal interaction

Public services have been transformed, with health services, in particular, in a state of almost constant change with reforms leading to a blurring of the nature of work across sectors and a bullying rate at epidemic levels. A new holistic model of the drivers of bullying is presented. The model is a powerful tool for understanding and addressing workplace bullying.     

Impact of ethical leadership on creativity: the role of psychological empowerment

This study examines the relationship between ethical leadership and employee creativity with mediating role of psychological empowerment. Data were collected from 183 supervisor–subordinate dyads in different hotels across Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the distinctiveness of variables used in our study. The results also confirmed that ethical leadership promotes creativity at workplace, while psychological empowerment mediates the effect of ethical leadership on creativity. The cognitive evaluation theory was used to support findings. Implications are also discussed.     

Cultural Complementarity: Reshaping professional and organizational logics in developing frontline medical leadership

With the rise of clinical management, new skills of medical doctors stand out, including leadership skills. Medical doctors organize medical work and improve patient care. The training of frontline leadership skills, however, is weakly developed in residency programmes. Medical professional cultures tend to resist organizational techniques and values. This paper analyses cultural interventions in health-care organizations, aimed at overcoming ‘clashes’ between professional and organizational logics in frontline domains. These interventions do not work against, but ‘use’ professional traditions, styles and customs as cultural resources. We use one particular project to illustrate this, a project in which internal medicine residents are invited to join quality improvement sessions, during which they identify critical (organizational) experiences with care provision and realize change. We show how residents feel enabled to establish results and cooperate with other professionals. We also show how this project links organizational responsibilities and medical professionalism – how complementarity (instead of conflict) is established. This is done in practical ways, which commit instead of alienate medical professionals.     

Does mutual recognition of qualifications stimulate services trade? The case of the European Union

This article analyses the services trade impact of recognition of professional qualifications using a unique database compiled by the European Commission. It observes that there is large variation in the number of regulated professions across the EU. The number of recognitions is small relative to total employment in regulated professions. Nevertheless, a robust positive relationship between services trade and recognition of qualifications is found. Recognition stimulates two-way trade between the source and the host country, suggesting that arms-length exports as well as cross-border outsourcing take place. Recognitions in health and education professions are most strongly related to services trade.     

高职院校社会服务模式述评

＂以服务为宗旨、以就业为导向,走产学研相结合的道路＂是高职院校办学的核心理念,为社会企业服务是高职院校办学的根本所在。高职院校目前的社会服务模式包括职教集团模式、＂订单式＂人才培养模式、岗位技能再培训的社会服务模式、高校对口支援模式和＂三下乡＂服务模式等。     

后金融危机时代发展社区服务业以促进就业的新思考

当前,世界经济形势已步入后金融危机时代。在这一特殊历史时期,大力发展社区服务业以促进就业,对于缓解就业压力、实现经济社会又好又快发展,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文分析了发展社区服务业的必要性,指出了社区服务业发展中存在的种种问题,并提出了相关对策建议。     

论长株潭城市群社区服务信息生态体系构建

长株潭城市群社区服务面临着社区在线服务能力弱、服务需求压抑、服务信息生态环境不佳等发展背景,其信息生态功能存在弱化或缺位的现象。构建长株潭城市群社区服务信息生态体系的关键包括实现长株潭城市群社区信息资源高效整合、明确社区信息化服务的目标和原则、专门研制具有长株潭街道和社区工作和环境特点的街道/社区信息化系统,以及解决＂体制性障碍＂等形成的协同服务困境等。