混合动力系统在船舶上的应用研究

文中介绍了四种混合动力技术,并针对船舶动力系统的特点,分别研究了这四种混合动力技术在船舶上的应用方式。     

一般竞争战略理论论战、观点流派与研究展望——从割裂到融合

一般竞争战略理论对企业战略决策具有广泛而深远的影响。学者们对一般竞争战略的割裂观和融合观一直争执不休,众多研究呈现出多角度、多证据、结论矛盾和研究混乱的局面。文章通过对相关理论回顾和梳理,揭示出一般竞争战略理论割裂观存在的问题和困境,呈现融合观的理论与实证证据,提炼出混合战略的三个流派,并揭示混合战略研究的脉络和趋势。文章揭示出融合是竞争战略的趋势,实现不同战略类型的融合和竞争战略的多维体系构建,有助于厘清竞争战略研究的混乱和矛盾,打破根深蒂固的“骑墙战略”禁区思维,为企业的战略决策提供系统和多维的视角,并推动一般竞争战略从割裂化向融合化演进,特别是对现阶段的中国企业战略制定具有重要意义。     

聚丙烯物理改性的研究探讨

综述了聚丙烯物理改性的方法,并对共混改性、填充改性、混杂复合改性进行了比较。共混改性与填充改性虽可以改善聚丙烯的某一性能,如强度、韧性等,但对其他方面的提升有限,甚至使其他性能急剧下降。混杂复合改性中,聚丙烯与多种无机填料粒子、有机物复合,可以在明显提升某些性能的同时,维持其他性能稳定,甚至得到一定程度的提升,拓宽了聚丙烯的应用范围。     

一种快速的DS/FH混合扩频信号捕获方案及其性能分析

为了提高DS/FH混合扩频信号的捕获速度, 提出了一种将DS/FH 信号中三维搜索转化为 二维搜索的快速捕获方案。通过对搜索过程的详细分析,推导出在单、双驻留条件下的平均 捕获时间数学表达式以及高斯信道下系统的检测性能计算公式。理论推导与仿真结 果表明：相对于传统的捕获方式,该方案有效地缩短了系统的平均捕获时间,具有更强的抗 噪性能,适用于存在较强噪声的复杂通信环境。     

Understanding the Social Role of Entrepreneurship

There is a need to rethink and redefine the social value added of entrepreneurial activities to society. In this paper we develop five pillars on which the evolving social role of entrepreneurship can rest and have its impact: (1) connecting entrepreneurial activities to other societal efforts aimed at improving the quality of life, achieving progress, and enriching human existence, (2) identifying ways to reduce the dysfunctional effects of entrepreneurial activities on stakeholders, (3) redefining the scope of entrepreneurial activities as a scholarly arena, (4) recognizing entrepreneurship's social multiplier, and (5) pursuing blended value at the organizational level, centring on balancing the creation of financial, social and environmental wealth. In a final section we discuss implications for practices and for further research.     

Should We Require Every New Venture to Be a Hybrid Organization?

Critics of entrepreneurial capitalism have argued that entrepreneurship creates dysfunction in individuals, families, communities, and society because entrepreneurs neglect social and environmental dimensions of value in favour of financial value creation. By way of contrast, hybrid organizations, such as Benefit Corporations, are created explicitly to address social and environmental objectives in addition to their financial objective. Therefore, in this paper we explore the consequences of a world of blended value in which every new venture is required to be a hybrid organization. In doing so, we reveal the boundary conditions of current social criticism levied against entrepreneurship and suggest that blended value may best be relegated to the role of ideal or guideline as opposed to normative or legal obligation.     

Digital Platforms and the Nature of the Firm

Abstract:

Digital platforms turn traditional approaches of the firm, which relied on the wage relation to explain the major difference between firm and market, upside down and underline the advantages of coordination through organization over coordination through market. This study aims to propose a definition of the firm able to integrate, besides the integrated firm, also hybrid forms such as networks of subcontractor/subcontracting firms as well as atypical forms such as digital platforms. By reactivating the firm-boundary problem, this article suggests putting valorization by labor at the heart of the firm’s decisions concerning integration. It suggests therefore a general definition of the firm as a techno-institutional center of capital valorization, provided that firms make profits by means of the appropriation of labor incorporated into their (productive, structural, intellectual) capital through institutional arrangements. By stressing the relation of production between the owners of the means of production and the direct producers, the approach of the firm supported here should allow to cover the different existing models of the firm, from the classical firm to hybrid models, around which the boundary debate has revolved, to digital platforms.     

Evaluating and Categorizing Cruise Lines by ship attributes: A Comparison Between Cruisers and Experts

Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) is an important information source used by consumers to make travel decisions. However, eWOM from travel experts and everyday travelers can be inconsistent, potentially leading to blurred product evaluations and market positioning. This paper examines this issue in the context of the cruise industry with the goal of identifying differences in the evaluation of cruise brands by cruise experts and consumers, as well as the product factors that influence these judgements. The research used a data-driven empirical approach and secondary data from a leading cruise review site consisting of scaled ratings across 9 ship attributes and 24 brands by more than 150,000 cruisers and 174 experts. Data analysis using the TOPSIS method and regression and multigroup models shows that experts and cruisers evaluate cruise brands differently and are influenced by different ship attributes when forming evaluations. For example, value-add attributes (e.g., service, enrichment activities, fitness/recreation) significantly influence overall evaluations for cruisers, while core attributes (e.g., cabin, dining, entertainment) significantly influence overall evaluations for experts. Discussion of the empirical results highlights these differences in cruiser vs. expert perceptions as revealed online, as well as the need to update traditional cruise industry categorization to optimize brand positioning and better align product-marketing strategies for effective target marketing.     

基于DPSIR-TOPSIS模型的耕地资源环境承载力分析以安徽省颍上县为例

目的 通过测算县域尺度耕地资源环境承载力,为耕地数量、质量与生态“三位一体”保护提供参考,为农业绿色高质量发展提供支撑。方法 文章根据DPSIR模型构建安徽省颍上县耕地资源环境承载力的评价指标体系,并采用改进的TOPSIS方法与障碍度模型,测算了2010—2019年安徽省颍上县耕地资源环境承载力指数并识别了制约当地资源环境承载力的障碍因子。结果 （1）2010—2019年从承载力指数看,颍上县耕地资源环境承载力总体呈现出“波浪式”上升的态势。其中,2010—2013年耕地资源环境承载力指数0.36下降至0.33;2014—2019年耕地资源承载力指数从2014年0.41上升至2019年0.70,承载力水平实现了从中级向良好的转变。（2）从障碍因子看,影响耕地资源环境承载力的关键因子由高标准农田比例、农药施用强度、土壤有机质平均值、免耕面积比转变为人均农业产值产出、人均耕地面积、土壤pH。结论 颍上县耕地资源环境承载力目前处于良好水平,同时在基础设施、体制机制等方面还有提升空间,为此提出以下政策建议：（1）加快高标准农田建设,提升耕地产能。（2）科学合理利用耕地,推进农业绿色发展。（3）加强土壤环境监测与治理,建立耕地保护的激励与管控机制。     

Bayesian selection of technology assumptions for the transformation from supply-use to input–output tables

ABSTRACT

In the construction of input–output models from supply-use tables, technology assumptions disambiguate how an industry uses inputs in the production recipe of multiple outputs. This paper uses Bayes' theorem to select technology assumptions, taking into account empirical observations. The paper presents a formulation to explore hybrids between product and industry technology assumptions in product-by-product tables. We then present Markov chain Monte-Carlo techniques to implement the Bayesian method for selecting technology assumptions. We apply the method in a case study using Eurostat supply-use tables of 2004 and 2005, exhibiting a volume of secondary products of less than 13%, and 59 products and industries per country. The results show that the choice of technology is not important, given that there is no strong evidence in favour of any of them.