金融集聚对收入差距的影响研究--基于空间杜宾模型的分析

本文选取2004—2013年我国31个省区数据组成连续完整的面板数据,运用空间杜宾模型测算金融集聚与基尼系数的空间相关关系。结果表明：衡量金融集聚程度的银行本外币存款余额、股票市场筹资额、保费收入,金融集聚知识溢出及政府作用与基尼系数之间存在显著的空间正相关关系;金融集聚规模、人力资本和市场开放度对收入差距的影响不显著。说明区域间金融资源的非均衡集聚是造成区域收入差距的主要原因。因此,应该依据各地区差异化的资源禀赋优势设计匹配的金融集聚发展模式。     

Autocatalytic Growth and Development and the South-North Convergence

Abstract:

This article engages with the issue of income convergence between North and South by using the autocatalytic hypothesis of growth and development. Two system models describe positive and negative feedback loops which govern economic flows between North and South. The analysis of endogenous and exogenous negative feedbacks points to the process that would slowly push the world economy towards vanishing growth rates and, eventually, halt its material growth. The present work rejects convergence in per capita GDP between North and South from the theoretical perspective. Such an outcome would stand against one of the fundamental properties of autocatalytic dynamics—centripetality— that has its causal roots in the competitive process and capitalist institutions. In that sense, the autocatalytic hypothesis provides a theoretical explanation for those empirical analyses that dismisses convergence.     

居民收入差距的财政调节:绩效测度与因素分析——基于辽宁城镇居民视角的分析

采用统计年鉴权威数据,运用统计与计量研究方法,对辽宁城镇居民收入差距的财政管理绩效进行测度与分析。研究表明2002年以来辽宁城镇居民收入差距未能得到有效缓解和控制,财政管理手段对城镇居民收入差距调节低效,甚至存在负效应;辽宁城镇居民收入差距的静态来源和动态趋势存在各自特征,其中财产性收入的影响与调控值得关注,经营性收入亟待重视。最后依据测度结论及辽宁经济社会发展实际,提出改善辽宁居民收入结构的政策取向和对策建议。     

全面收益理论与损益确认原则--实现原则、权责发生制原则利弊谈

收益指标是财务报表使用者特别是投资人最为关心的会计信息.美国会计学者利特尔顿认为,收益是企业会计的重心,收益表是企业会计最重要的产品.历史成本原则、实现原则、配比原则是传统收益确定模式的重要支柱.全面收益突破了实现原则,更好地体现了权责发生制原则的要求,并在会计确认中坚持了适当稳健的原则,有利于提供与信息使用者决策相关的可靠信息.     

农民增收的制度约束及其“矫正”

当前制约农民增收的制度性因素主要表现在农村基层农民组织的缺失、城乡分割的户籍制度和由此建立的财政转移支付制度、联产承包制度、农村金融制度现有的不足等方面。要对现有制度进行“矫正”：一是提高农民的组织化程度；二是以户籍制度的改革为突破口来推进一系列的改革；三是推进农村地权改革提高土地经营的规模，四是实行农村金融体制改革。     

Exploring the link between household debt and income inequality: an asymmetric approach

We investigate the relationship between household debt and income inequality in the USA, allowing for asymmetry, using data over the period 1913–2008. We find evidence of an asymmetric cointegration between household debt and inequality for different regimes. Our results indicate household debt only responds to positive changes in income inequality, while there is no evidence of falling inequality significantly affecting household debt. The presence of this asymmetry provides further empirical insights into the emerging literature on household debt and inequality.     

Capital account flows,consumption ratios and the middle‐income trap

The existing literature suggests that it is important to understand the factors that may slow the transition of an economy from middle to high income. Many factors have been suggested as promoting or retarding economic growth, but little attention has been paid to the roles of the capital account and consumption ratio. Using panel regressions involving 48 countries over the 1950–2013 period as well as employing extreme bounds analysis, we find that foreign investment outflows are associated with a mature economy and that there is an optimal consumption ratio that must be surpassed to break out of middle‐income status. These findings are robust to an extreme bounds analysis incorporating a wide range of variables potentially related to growth performance.     

When income differences hurt or excite: The nonlinear effect of regional inequality on subjective wellbeing

Combining information from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions and the European Social Survey, we investigate the relationship between subjective well-being and income inequality using regional inequality indicators and individual data. We assume that inequality aversion and perception of social mobility affect the impact of regional inequality on subjective well-being in opposite directions. We find evidence of an inverse U-shaped effect of inequality, where inequality starts to have a positive effect on subjective well-being that becomes negative with a switch point before the average of the Gini index for the entire sample. The rationale for our nonlinear finding is that Hirschman's tunnel effect (and the positive effect of perceived social mobility) prevails for low levels of inequality, while inequality aversion and negative relative income effects are relatively stronger when inequality is higher. Robustness checks on different sample splits are consistent with the hypothesis of the two drivers.     

Intergenerational Income Persistence in Urban China

Intergenerational income elasticities are estimated using samples for urban China (covering many cities) for the years 1995 and 2002 and compared with results from other studies. We find that the income relation between the pairs—sons and fathers, sons and mothers, and daughters and mothers—are in 2002 all similar in magnitude. In contrast the relation between daughters' and fathers' income is weaker. The income relationship between offspring and mothers was weaker in 1995 than in 2002. Our preferred estimates of income persistence for the son/father pairs of 0.47 for 1995 and 0.53 for 2002 are higher than those which have been reported in the literature for several high‐income countries with large welfare states. The strength of the income link between sons and fathers in urban China appears to be not very different from what has been reported for countries such as Brazil, Chile, and the U.S.     

安徽省城乡居民收入与消费结构对比分析

市场经济的发展使安徽省城乡居民收入不断提高,消费结构得到优化,但城乡差距依然较大。以历年安徽统计年鉴的数据为基础,对安徽省城乡居民收入与消费结构进行分析,为政府扩大内需,优化城乡居民消费结构提供政策建议。