基于质量指数的经济增长转型测度研究——以深圳经济增长为例

中国经济如何实现由速度型向质量型转化是一个充满了探索性的问题,学者们从不同理论视角给予了广泛关注。而如何设计一个指数从定量角度测评速度向质量转化进程,以便直观地反映经济增长转型的度是理论研究不可或缺的部分。通过借鉴市场化指数的经济原理与设计思路,设计了质量指数作为测量经济增长模式转型的定量指标,定量测算了由深圳速度到深圳质量跨越的实现程度。实证测评结果显示:深圳速度已经开始向深圳质量转化,但人民生活水平提高的幅度与深圳经济发展水平存在较大的落差。以此为契机,为定量测度我国经济增长转型提供一个分析思路。     

How do income and education affect health inequality: evidence from four developing countries

Using household survey data from four countries ? Albania, Nepal, Tajikistan and Tanzania ? this article calculates income-related inequality in health care utilization. We measure health disparity separately for generally and chronically ill individuals by constructing two models: one for the probability of a visit to a physician and another for the number of visits. Following model-based measurements, we decompose inequality into two major parts: one accounted for by identity-related factors and another by socioeconomic and other factors such as education, geography and distance to a clinic. We propose a new method to quantify the effect of changes in income and education on health disparity. One of our important findings suggests that health disparity is pro-rich in all our sample countries. The pro-rich disparity is prevalent among generally ill as well as chronically ill patients, in both visit probability and visit frequency models. Health inequality seems primarily driven by income differences followed by nonidentity factors. Further, the principle of equal treatment for equal need is not fulfilled in any of our countries. Among policy implications, increasing average income and education in a way that also reduces disparity in income and education, respectively, will substantially shrink inequality in health care utilization.     

Measuring Aggregate Human Capital

Weconstruct a set of human capital indexes for the states of theUnited States for each census year starting in 1940. To do so,we propose a new methodology for the construction of index numbersin panel data sets. Our method is based on an optimal approachby which we choose the ``best' set of index numbers by minimizingthe expected estimation error subject to some research constraints.Some of the empirical findings are that the stock of human capitalin the United States grew twice as rapidly as the average yearsof schooling and that human capital inequality across stateswent up during the 1980s (while the dispersion of schooling actuallyfell). We conclude that using the average years of schoolingfor the empirical study of existing growth models may be misleading.     

海峡两岸证券业经营效率比较研究:基于Metafrontier方法

本文将Metafrontier思想与BCC-DEA模型相结合,综合应用Metafrontier DEA方法、Malmquist全要素生产率指数和Tobit模型,客观地评价具有不同生产技术的两岸证券商的经营效率。结果表明:台湾证券商发展水平趋同,大陆证券商良莠不齐,但竞争力逐渐提升;台湾证券商技术水平落后于大陆;大陆全要素生产率逐渐改善,台湾逐渐衰退;资产总额、负债比、地区生产总值是影响技术效率的关键因素,负债比、经济自由度、地区生产总值是影响技术落差的关键因素;金融危机对两岸证券业冲击显著。     

基于Malmquist指数的区域物流业技术进步与技术效率测度——安徽省2003—2010年的实证分析

以区域物流业固定资产投资和物流业从业人数作为资本和劳动力投入变量,以区域物流业增加值作为产出变量,构建安徽省(2003—2010)17个城市物流业面板数据,运用DEA-Malmquist方法,对安徽省区域物流业全要素生产率的增长来源、区域差异和变化差异进行实证研究。结果表明:安徽省物流业全要素生产率年平均增长率保持在20.6%的较高水平;皖江城市带TFP增长率较高,且其纯技术效率指数和规模效率指数普遍高于其他区域;与我国其他省市及中国整体物流业发展状况相似,安徽省各市物流业普遍存在规模无效率。最后,在此基础上提出安徽省区域物流业发展建议。     

基于AHP分析的高校辅导员绩效考核指标体系构建

当前,建立专业化、职业化的辅导员队伍,已成为加强大学生思想政治教育的内在需求。如何建立一套较为完善的辅导员绩效考核指标体系,促进辅导员队伍建设,是各高校面临的一项重要课题。文章从高校辅导员绩效考核的现状及存在的问题入手,用AHP法构建了高校辅导员绩效考核指标体系表,并算出了各级指标的权重系数,最后对此指标体系给出了具体应用。     

布伦特原油价格与美元指数的交互相关性分析

以北海布伦特原油的现货价格和美元指数为研究对象,探讨它们之间的交互相关关系。首先运用交互相关统计量定性地说明布伦特原油价格和美元指数之间存在交互相关关系。然后利用多重分形分析法对它们之间的交互相关性作定量的分析,证实了它们之间的交互相关性具有多重分形特征。同时运用MF-DFA方法对单个研究对象进行自相关分析。