资本市场对经济发展钿经济转型的影响研究

市场的本质是竞争,阻碍竞争的最大因素是垄断、门槛和不公平的限制。资本市场的产生为消除这种阻力,推动公平竞争提供了可能。研究表明：在经济发达国家,资本市场更能促进经济的发展和促进经济转型。资本市场在促进公平和加剧竞争的同时,会对既得利益集团形成冲击,促进经济发展,也会形成实力更强大的利益集团,进而遏制资本市场进一步发展。而金融开放则成为摆脱这个资本市场利益集团的突破点,只有当竞争跨越了国与国的边界,国内的既得利益者只有选择进行改革,增强企业自身的创新能力和生产效率投入到竞争的环境中,从而更好地推动资本市场发展。     

“营改增”对物流业的影响及对策探析

"营改增"是我国税收制度改革的一项重要举措,对物流业的长远发展有着极其重要的意义。就目前"营改增"试点城市的施行情况看,"营改增"对物流企业尚存在着税负不减反增、财务管理要求提高、操作流程需重新设计及生存压力大等问题。物流企业应积极从自身情况出发,及时申请过渡性财政扶持;调整经营结构,向供应链服务方向延伸;合理划分业务类型,降低企业纳税风险;进行税务筹划,控制企业税务成本,以减轻物流企业的税务负担,促进其更好更快发展。     

Community supported agriculture membership: The benefits of spousal involvement

Fresh vegetables originating from alternative food networks (AFNs) are an increasingly popular choice all over the world. Being part of an AFN frequently redefines consumption and participation of family members in food‐related activities. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is a type of AFN, providing increased access to produce in a form of risk‐sharing model between farmers and consumers, which at the same time influences organization of household resources. Thus, not only the given member of a CSA, but also his/her spousal activities in household processes should be taken in account. It is clear that entering into CSA significantly affects lifestyles and frequently requires a great deal of adaptation, possibly leading to a crisis of whether to stay within the CSA or cease membership. The objective of this study was to reveal how spouses influence CSA membership. Using an explorative design, this study has identified three emerging patterns of spousal influence: coherent, integrative and neutral/antagonistic. The spousal influence on CSA membership may represent partner activities regarding food issues but also has an effect on food preparation and culinary choices at home. Our findings suggest that membership in CSA presents challenges and thus spousal support is crucial in the long term. As a consequence, spousal influence should be examined in relation to CSA participation. Inconveniences associated with CSA membership could be avoided by providing more information about the importance of spousal support.     

Exploring the influence of family on adolescents’ seafood consumption choices

Seafood in the adolescent diet has many benefits, yet a number of adolescents do not consume the recommended levels. Despite this the consumption of seafood by younger consumers has received scant attention in the extant literature. Previous studies on adolescents’ food‐related behaviour tend to focus on general choice mechanisms or perceptions of food and mainly relate to fruit and vegetable intake. The present study seeks to address this gap through investigating the impact of family upon the consumption of seafood by younger consumers through exploring adolescents’ attitudes and behaviour in regard to eating seafood. Utilizing an exploratory qualitative methodology, seven focus groups of adolescents aged 13–19 years were conducted at two schools in South West England. Discussions covered a range of issues related to adolescent seafood consumption. The use of thematic content analysis found that the family, and parents in particular, exert high levels of influence over adolescents’ consumption of seafood both at home and when dining out. The parent who does the shopping and cooking has the greatest role. Sibling preferences and dietary choices also influence whether seafood is served in the home. Of value to researchers and management are the insights gleaned into the influences on adolescents’ attitudes towards and behaviour in regard to eating seafood. In particular, encouraging seafood consumption will rely upon interventions aimed at both parents and children and need to take into account adolescents’ diet and lifestyle preferences, while also acknowledging the influence of peers and the school food environment.     

Preventing wildlife crime with a focus on orangutans: Applying social influence techniques to public education efforts

Orangutans are projected to become critically endangered or extinct this century if humans continue to destroy their habitat. Threats include legal and illegal clearcutting of rain forests to establish palm oil plantations, climate change, and transnational organized crime. This study examines how self-benefit and other benefit appeals, knowledge of threats, concern about habitat loss, and liking orangutans are associated with (a) intent to protect habitat due to licit threats and crimes against wildlife, and (b) seeking information to save habitat. Upon entry to a zoo, 251 (118 men, 128 women, and 5 unknown) persons viewed posters highlighting the benefits of habitat conservation to self or others and completed a survey. Concern, threat knowledge, liking, and self-benefit and other benefit appeals accounted for 28% of the variance associated with intent to take action to protect the habitat. Integrating social influence principles into zoo displays and addressing barriers that prevent conservation behavior are discussed. The ideas in this paper are relevant to many primates and endangered species.     

In the Bear’s Shadow? Russia’s International Image and Its Influence on Investments of Russian Companies in Post-Socialist Europe

The paper examines Russia’s international image and its influence on investment by Russian companies in post-socialist Europe. Findings are based on the cases of Gazprom’s South Stream Pipeline project, and Sberbank’s acquisition of Volksbank’s Central and Eastern European assets in Hungary and Serbia. The paper demonstrates that international positions and economic interests of two countries determinate decisions regarding investments of Russian companies, while Russia’s image to some extent accelerates these decisions in Serbia. The paper is based on the results of interviews with representatives of business communities conducted in Hungary and Serbia in 2012–2017, professional reports, and official documents.     

Who Convinces Whom? Parent and Child Perceptions of Children's Engagement in Parental Purchase Decisions

Do children overestimate their engagement in parental purchase decisions? A systematic analysis of the articles enabled us to create a database of 149 cases where child and parent perceptions of children's engagement in parental purchase decisions were measured. The findings proved that there is congruence between children's and parents' perception of a child's engagement in most cases. Children's overestimation of their engagement in a parental decision to purchase products is likely the exception rather than the rule. The cases characterized as overestimations are related to product category and type of measured domain. (Children tend to overestimate their engagement more when the measures track participation or influence rather than decision independence.)     

节点影响力下的改进SIR传播模型

研究不同影响力的节点在复杂网络信息传播过程中产生的作用,对于分析舆论传播、预防谣言扩散、引导信息传递等方面具有重要意义。针对传统易感-感染-移出（Susceptible-Infected-Recovered,SIR）模型认为网络中所有节点性质相同,在信息传播中具有相同的接触感染率和恢复率的问题,提出了节点影响力下的改进SIR传播模型——NI-SIR（Node Influence SIR）,并对其阈值推导过程展开深度分析。首先,将复杂网络中的节点按照影响力的不同进行分类,不同类别的节点赋予其不同的接触感染率及恢复率,达到模拟真实信息传播过程的目的;其次,对NI-SIR模型的阈值进行推导,从而为进一步判断疾病是否流行或信息扩散的趋势打下理论基础;最后,通过在真实数据集的实验对比,证明NI-SIR模型的偏差率明显低于传统SIR模型,在真实网络中有更好的适用性。     

大学校园短信文化浅析

本文牢牢立足于短信在校园大学生中的使用,通过时短信类型、优点、负面影响等方面进行阐述,分析如何科学合理利用短信,目的在于提高大学生合理科学使用手机短信的意识,塑造良好健康的校园短信文化.     

巨额贸易逆差下美国经济增长模式及对中国经济的影响

自20世纪90年代以来,美国在巨额贸易逆差下实行了经济持续增长。本文从金融角度详细分析了美国依据美元特殊的国际货币地位和外汇储备特征实行对全球的金融剥削;从产业角度探讨了新一轮全球产业分工重组背景下制造产业的国际转移、跨国公司内部贸易、美国独特的进口商品结构、油价上涨和美国能源产业政策对“悖论”解释的合理性;从宏观政策角度解析了美国“双赤字”并存的必然原因。本文认为,美元地位的不断下降使美国经济增长模式存在潜在危机,而美国对内外经济失衡的调整,势必对中美贸易、人民币汇率、中国外汇储备及内外经济平衡产生深远的影响。