规范建筑市场,严格工程造价管理与控制方法

随着中国加入WTO，建筑业正面临新的机遇和挑战，而工程造价的管理在目前规范建筑市场中的地位越来越重要。着重从设计阶段的工程造价控制，标底预算编制，评标定标，业主供设备材料管理，工程设计变更，竣工决算审计等关键环节，就加强工程造价管理与控制的方法进行探讨。     

货运收益管理及其应用逻辑模型研究

在阐述了货运收益管理的概念和研究内容基础上,探讨了实施货运销售收益管理的逻辑模型。     

Doing the right thing in the workplace: Responsibility in the face of accountability

Changing trends and the nature of the work force dictate increased personal responsibility by employees and expanded use of self-management practices. Nevertheless, organizations also feel the need to maintain external control. We propose a progressive view of accountability theory which can resolve the dilemma of how internal and external control can effectively coexist. Success of accountability forces is determined primarily by the relationship between the principal (party to whom one is accountable) and the agent (employee). The agent’s felt responsibility is enhanced to the extent that accountability leads to the structuring of expectations, the agent’s perceptions of the task or activity as significant, and the agent’s perception of control over the situation. Propositions that may be used to guide future research are offered throughout the article.     

A Dynamic Leontief Model with Non-renewable Resources

In this paper we study a generalization of the dynamic Leontief input–output model. We extend the standard dynamic Leontief model with the balance equation of non-renewable resources. Obviously, the non-renewable stocks will decrease, exploiting primary resources. In this study we examine the controllability of this extended model by taking the consumption as the control parameter. Assuming balanced growth for both consumption and production, we investigate how long these scarce resources will cover the input needs of production and how the lifetime of the system depends on the balanced growth rate and on the consumption. In doing so, we apply classic results from control theory and on eigenvalue problems in linear algebra.     

Age-specific dynamic labor demand and human capital investment

To study the optimal age-specific labor demand and human capital investment at the firm level we extend the standard dynamic labor demand model by introducing ‘age’ as a second dynamic variable and distinguish between two types of workers: ‘low skilled’ and ‘high skilled’. Applying an age-structured optimal control model we derive qualitative features of the optimal age-specific hiring and training effort. For the case of a linear revenue and production function we prove that firms do not anticipate changes in adjustment costs in their optimal decisions. This result no longer holds if a nonlinear revenue or production function is considered.     

世博会标志许可产品的产品责任及风险防范探讨

世博会标志许可经营是中国2010年上海世博会商业化运作的主要内容之一。如果世博会标志许可产品存在缺陷,并且生产企业没有在产品上标明其商标或其他明显识别性标志时,世博会标志权利人存在承担产品责任的风险,对此风险应从合同、质量保证金、产品责任险、监督检查等方面加强防范。     

全面风险管理框架与内部控制整体框架的比较分析

2004年美国COSO委员会在其1992年发布的《内部控制整体框架》基础上,吸收各方面风险管理研究成果,颁布了《全面风险管理框架》(Enterpris Reisk Management Framework),旨在为各国的企业风险管理提供一个统一术语与概念体系的全面的应用指南。本文首先回顾了《内部控制整体框架》的产生及其贡献与不足,其次阐述了风险管理与内部控制的关系,最后比较分析了《全面风险管理框架》与《全面风险管理框架》的联系与区别,以期对理解、掌握和执行《全面风险管理框架》有所裨益。     

内部控制评价的比较分析

本文认为,根据评价主体的不同,内部控制评价可以分为外部评价和内部评价,具体有会计报表审计中的内部控制评价、内部控制审核、内部审计人员对内部控制的评价和内部控制自我评估。不同主体对内部控制的评价在目标、范围、方法、内容和程序等方面存在差异,本文比较分析它们之间的差异,对内部控制评价的未来发展趋势进行展望。     

互联网网络安全性及其对策

近年来,随着互联网的迅速发展和壮大,网络的安全成了迫不及待需要解决的问题。文章分析了目前危害网络安全的一些主要因素和方式,并有针对性地提出了解决网络安全问题的方法和切入点。在利益驱动下,网络安全事故今后将更加频繁、隐蔽和复杂,网络安全问题需要不断的探索并解决。     

混合动力车四轮驱动控制策略研究

文章从提高燃油经济性和降低排放的角度出发,确立了以动力输出力矩为主要参数,并以油门踏板和节气门开度的变化率为控制变量的控制策略设计方案,确保发动机始终工作在高效区,从而实现发动机的燃油经济性和低排放。采用内燃机和电机分别单独驱动前后轮的并联式混合动力车,汽车底盘结构紧凑,降低了制造成本,容易实现产业化。