Gender,family ties,and international mobility: Cultural distance matters

This study empirically tests a model of associations between family-domain variables and willingness to accept an international assignment, and applies the general model to sub-samples of men and women to examine gender differences in the pattern of relationships. We further explore these patterns in culturally similar and culturally distant country destinations. Analyses conducted with a sample of 148 men and 79 women employed MBA graduates from dual-earner couples revealed that perceived spouse willingness to relocate, beliefs regarding spouse and couple mobility, relative income, and the presence of children are associated with willingness to accept an international assignment. Moreover, consistent with social role theory, significant gender differences in willingness were found across low and high cultural distance country destinations.     

Screening and training inter-cultural competencies: evaluating the impact of national culture on inter-cultural competencies

Inter-cultural competencies have become increasingly important for international personnel selection and training. The purpose of this article is to evaluate psychometric data regarding the controversy as to whether inter-cultural competencies are culture-free or culture-bound. In two empirical research projects in the USA and Germany national differences in inter-cultural competencies are evaluated. National culture is indicated as a significant independent variable for inter-cultural competencies in both studies. However, the impact of national culture on inter-cultural competencies seems to be minor in relation to the impact of gender culture as well as of organizational culture. Therefore, inter-cultural competencies are judged to be culture-general in the two nations. Conceptual conclusions as well as practical conclusions for IHRM are discussed, based on the results. Finally, the limitations of the studies are pointed out.     

Free‐riding in multi‐party alliances: The role of perceived alliance effectiveness and peers' collaboration in a research consortium

Research summary : Multi‐party alliances rely on partners' willingness to commit and pool their efforts in joint endeavors. However, partners face the dilemma of how much to commit to the alliance. We shed light on this issue by analyzing the relationship between partners' free‐riding—defined as their effort‐withholding—and their perceptions of alliance effectiveness and peers' collaboration. Specifically, we posit a U‐shaped relationship between partners' subjective evaluations of alliance effectiveness and their free‐riding. We also hypothesize a negative relation between partners' perceptions of the collaboration of peer organizations and their free‐riding. Results from a mixed‐method study—combining regression analysis of primary data on a major inter‐organizational research consortium and evidence from two experimental designs—support our hypotheses, bearing implications for the multi‐party alliances literature. Managerial summary : Free‐riding is a major concern in multi‐party alliances such as large research consortia, since the performance of these governance forms hinges on the joint contribution of multiple partners that often operate according to different logics (e.g., universities, firms, and government agencies). We show that, in such alliances, partners' perceptions have relevant implications for their willingness to contribute to the consortium's shared goals. Specifically, we find that partners free‐ride more—that is, contribute less—when they perceive the effectiveness of the overall alliance to be either very low or very high. Partners also gauge their commitment to the alliance on the perception of the effort of their peers—that is, other organizations similar to them. These findings provide managers of multi‐party alliances with additional levers to motivate partners to contribute fairly to such joint endeavor. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Talent management of skilled migrants: propositions and an agenda for future research

This paper unpacks the dominant conceptualizations of talent management (TM) in contemporary academic publications, and considers these in relation to the increasingly important workforce population of skilled international migrants. It postulates that TM approaches are generally built from a relatively narrow human capital-based perspective wherein organizations focus on readily accessible and immediate skills, ignoring the longer term strategic potential of the international workforce of skilled migrants, particularly for multinational enterprises and other international organizations. Through a series of propositions, the paper highlights how organizations, in strategically using a more comprehensive TM lens rather than a human capital lens in approaching the TM of skilled migrants, could benefit from improved HRM performance over time. It also proposes a research agenda, by which future studies might test, explore, and further develop understanding on a more strategic utilization of skilled migrants in organizations.     

国际河流利用的基本原则及重要规则初探

从国际水法和国际惯例的角度,对当前国际社会普遍认可的几个关于国际河流利用的基本原则和重要规则的本质特点及其运用进行了阐述和分析。认为“公平合理利用”和“不造成重大损害”作为国际河流利用的两个最基本的原则,后者应以前者为前提,不应孤立运用;自由航行、经常交换数据与资料、事前通知等作为具体情况下的重要规则,在运用时要注意其适用条件;正确理解和运用这些原则和规则,对合理利用国际河流和开展国际合作具有重要意义。     

我国外贸技术溢出效应的国别差异分析

技术溢出是发展中国家追赶发达国家的重要路径,溢出的渠道包括国际贸易、FDI、R＆D合作、国外R＆D投资等。我们运用经拓展后的Coe＆Helpman的贸易溢出计量模型,试图将我国从商品贸易以及FDI中所获得的技术溢出纳入同一模型中加以综合分析,并对贸易带来的技术溢出效应进行国别差异分析,以判断不同类型国家对我国吸收技术溢出效应的影响。并在此基础上,提出了相应的政策建议。     

国际工程项目宏观风险评价研究

随着我国建筑总承包企业实力不断加强,中国建筑总承包企业在国际市场上占据越来越重要的角色,然而,国际工程给我国带来巨大利润的同时,也使其面临着巨大的风险。通过综合考虑国际承包企业的跨国际运作,基于建筑总承包企业可能面临的企业自身技术管理能力、国际政治、国际金融环境、人文地理等风险因素,构建了系统的国际工程宏观风险评价指标体系,给出了国际工程宏观风险评价方法,对国际承包商从事国际工程承包战略决策、规避宏观风险提供一定的借鉴意义。     

“国际旅游岛”背景下海南省高校休闲体育专业建设的思考

以海南国际旅游岛建设为背景,对海南省高校休闲体育专业建设进行初步探讨。通过分析海南省体闲体育发展趋势特征,提出海南省高校休闲体育专业的人才培养目标、培养规格,课程体系设置和专业方向设置的建议;探讨在教育培养方案、专业课程知识体系、专业教材和教师方面的制约瓶颈,以期望海南高校为国际旅游岛休闲体育产业培养相关优秀的专业人才。     

Environmental Policy in Open Economies and Monopolistic Competition

This paper analyses the implications of international trade for non-cooperative environmental policy in the case of local production externalities. A particular focus is on the potential effects of regulations on the variety of goods and the resulting international spillover caused by trade. A tougher domestic standard negatively affects the utility of the households abroad, since such a policy reduces their variety of imports (due to fewer domestic product inventions) or their consumption of each imported brand (due to higher import prices). Ignoring the negative spillover, non-cooperative governments implement inefficiently strict standards in equilibrium. In contrast to this clear-cut inefficiency result, the impact of international trade on the state of the environment is ambiguous.     

外汇市场深度、网络外部性与美元的国际地位——基于分国别与地区面板数据的实证研究

尽管美元的未来存在不确定性,但从现况来看尚无任何货币具备超越美元的实力,对美元地位的短期走势并不能作出简单的判断.作者运用面板数据模型对美元国际地位的影响因素进行了实证分析.结果表明,一国外汇市场的发达程度对美元国际地位的确定产生了重要的正面影响:一国外汇市场越发达,其越青睐于持有美元;另外在动态面板数据模型中,前一期外汇市场的实际货币交易量也是决定美元国际地位的显著因素,并且前-期外汇市场的实际货币交易量越大,该国对美元的需求量越大.这一结论证实了网络外部性效应的存在.