试论电子支付的立法完善

电子商务的一个重要问题是确保网络交易支付的安全性、有效性。保障电子支付活动的安全既是一个技术问题,更是一个法律问题。当前我国电子支付的立法严重滞后于金融电子化的步伐,研究和参照国际相关立法,完善我国该领域的法律规定已迫在眉睫。鉴于此,文中对此进行了探讨。     

新会计制度与现行税法的矛盾及对策研究

新会计制度与现行税法的矛盾表现在资产、负债、所有者权益、收入、成本费用支出等各个方面.由于新会计制度与税法施行的目的不同,所以这些矛盾将始终存在.为此,一方面应该同时执行两种法规,另一方面要采取措施尽量缩小两者的矛盾.     

海洋文化产业集群内在规律及发展思路探讨——以浙江舟山为例

海洋文化产业是文化产业中特殊的组成部分,是当代文化产业的一个前沿研究领域。本文运用理论研究和实地调查相结合的方法,列举舟山群岛鲁家峙、岱山东沙镇、普陀山、朱家尖、沈家门、长峙岛、蚂蚁岛、太阳谷、朱家尖白山、桃花岛等实际案例,从文化产业集群三大核心定律出发,即产业链组合与延伸的规律、区位优势与选择的规律、产业集聚与联动的规律,充分揭示了舟山群岛海洋文化产业集群的内在规律及发展思路,提出舟山应结合各个岛屿的资源禀赋特征,因岛制宜构建不同种类的海洋文化产业集聚区的建议,对于舟山群岛海洋文化产业集群发展具有一定的指导意义。     

讨论法在《动物法律法规》课程教学中的意义及模式探讨

讨论课是提高《动物法律法规》教学效果的重要方式之一,它不仅能提高学生学习兴趣,巩固和加深所学知识,而且能培养和提高学生的多种能力,并促进教学相长。真正意义上的讨论模式需通过"教师-学生1-学生2-学生3……教师"这样的方式展开。为取得良好教学效果,讨论课上需要教师提出真正抓住学生心思的发问,并要求教师对学生的回答采取宽容的态度。     

Building multivariate Sato models with linear dependence

The increased trading in multi-name financial products has required the development of state-of-the-art multivariate models. These models should be computationally tractable and, at the same time, flexible enough to explain the stylized facts of asset log-returns and of their dependence structure. The popular class of multivariate Lévy models provides a variety of tractable models, but suffers from one major shortcoming: Lévy models can replicate single-name derivative prices for a given time-to-maturity, but not for the whole range of quoted strikes and maturities, especially during periods of market turmoil. Moreover, there is a significant discrepancy between the moment term structure of Lévy models and the one observed in the market. Sato processes on the other hand exhibit a moment term structure that is more in line with empirical evidence and allow for a better replication of single-name option price surfaces. In this paper, we propose a general framework for multivariate models characterized by independent and time-inhomogeneous increments, where the asset log-return processes at unit time are modeled as linear combinations of independent self-decomposable random variables, where at least one self-decomposable random variable is shared by all the assets. As examples, we consider two general subclasses within this new framework, where we assume a normal variance-mean mixture with a one-sided tempered stable mixing density or a difference of one-sided tempered stable laws for the distribution of the risk factors. Particular attention is given to the models' ability to explain the asset dependence structure. A numerical study reveals the advantages of these new types of models.     

发展电子商务面临的问题与障碍分析

针对目前电子商务发展过程中出现的问题,笔者提出了要用科学的发展观对待和解决信息时代出现的网络经济新问题。在对我国电子商务发展现状以及问题与障碍进行详细分析的基础上,提出了解决问题的对策与思路。     

RANDOM COEFFICIENT MODELS: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract. This paper provides an overview of the rationale behind, and the implementation, and uses of, the random coefficient approach to econometric modelling. A simple random coefficient model is presented, and methods for estimating, testing, and validating such a model are described. A more general model is then presented. The general model is shown to include several fixed-coefficient models as special cases and can be estimated incorporating a variety of judgements concerning simplification. Finally, the paper reviews recent applications of random coefficient estimation.     

Preventing motor vehicle crash injuries and deaths: science vs. folklore lessons from history

Abstract

Not long after the beginnings of motorization in the early 1900s, deaths and injuries from motor vehicle crashes became a problem in a number of high-income-countries (HIC)s, especially the United States. With the biggest problem the US led early efforts to address this issue, and for six decades these efforts were based on folklore (ie a body of widely held but false or unsubstantiated beliefs). They were not evaluated, but clearly were unsuccessful as crash deaths and injuries continued to rise. It was not until the 1970s that a broader range of countermeasures began to be adopted and was scientifically evaluated, and as a result, crash deaths and injuries declined. This history has important lessons today for many low-and-middle-income countries that have growing numbers of motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries, many of which are pedestrians and motorcyclists. This is because there continue to be advocates for many of the failed approaches (especially educational) that dominated the early efforts in HICs.     

改革开放30年来中国票据市场发展历程回顾

该文首先回顾我国票据市场所经历的推广使用、制度建设和快速发展三个阶段,以及1994年以来我国票据市场发展的主要特征;在此基础上文童进一步分析了我国票据市场发展中存在的主要问题,认为我国票据市场的发展还存在信用基础薄弱、市场主体缺位、品种单一、法规滞后、市场分割明显等问题;进而指出我国票据市场的发展可借鉴英国、日本的市场模式,发挥政府引导和市场调节的各自优势,逐步形成一个稳健有序的票据市场,传递中央银行货币政策。     

Marx's critique of “eternal” political economy: how Mill is alien to Marx's attacks

Marx deplored political economy's claims to establish “eternal” – or “natural” – laws. This paper seeks to defend John Stuart Mill from his critique. It argues that, contrary to what Marx alleged, these two economists have a great deal more in common on this topic than is frequently realised. Both on the theoretical level and on the political one, Mill's views about the relativity of capitalism seem very close to Marx's. This paper also suggests that Marx may have ignored Mill's insistence on the relativity of economic theories because it may have challenged his own “scientific socialism”.