农产品品牌保护策略探析

随着消费层次升级和健康理念的变化,消费者品牌意识不断增强,农产品品牌安全问题成为消费者关注的焦点。面对假冒伪劣品牌对农产品品牌市场的非竞争性冲击,农产品企业仅依靠常规性品牌管理策略已举步维艰,品牌保护策略是破解品牌侵权等难题的关键。本文从农产品品牌特征、内涵出发,解析农产品企业在品牌保护上的现状、困境和成因;从战略品牌管理、法律保护、战略联合保护网络和品牌管理策略等方面,提出了完善农产品品牌保护的思路和对策。     

促进收入公平分配的财政政策取向

改革开放以来,我国城乡居民收入的总体水平得到了很大的提高的同时,收入分配领域存在的矛盾和问题也日益突出,对经济和社会发展产生越来越明显的不利影响。我国应大力推进农业和农村经济结构的战略性调整,发展高产优质高效农业,千方百计增加农民收入;切实提高劳动报酬在国民收入初次分配中的比重;充分运用税收手段调节居民收入;大力调整垄断行业的利润分配格局;进一步提高社会保障标准,从而切实解决收入分配问题,缩小收入差距。     

Income thresholds of dissaving in Germany: empirical evidence from the recent sample survey of income and expenditure (EVS 2008)

Saving of private households monotonically increases with income. If the regression lines, which represent the ‘demand for saving’, assume negative values, saving turns into dissaving, i.e. dissolving assets or going into debt. The zeros of the demand functions for saving are called ‘dissaving thresholds’. Dissaving thresholds for Germany are determined econometrically using the Sample Survey of Income and Expenditure. Dissaving thresholds turn out to be far higher than social assistance amounts. Implications for economic, social and consumer policy in Germany are discussed.     

论商业秘密的民法保护

民法保护是商业秘密法律保护的重要组成部分,对于保护商业秘密权利人的合法权益,维护正常的市场竞争环境,建立和谐的市场竞争秩序,具有十分重要的作用。在民法保护中,应当准确界定商业秘密的权利归属,合理划分侵权诉讼的举证责任,明确商业秘密被侵权时可采取的法律保护形式,依法判定侵权人应当承担的民事法律责任。     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎患者115例护理分析

临床实践中,鼻内镜手术作为一种比较常规的鼻窦炎手术治疗方法,具有治疗效果显著的特征,且复发率低。本文主要就鼻内镜手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎患者115例患者的情况,对手术前和手术后的护理措施进行了分析和探讨。     

国有大型煤炭企业物流管理现状及其改善措施

随着煤炭集团产业化的不断发展,对煤炭经营管理提出了更高要求。以国有大型煤炭集团(A集团)为例,分析其物流管理中存在的问题,并从管理体制、信息化建设、管理方式、人才培养与第三方物流合作等方面提出改善措施,以期能够对煤炭企业的物流产业整合提供建议与帮助。     

浅析天然气汇管开裂原因与预防

通过对天然气汇管截面应力场的探讨,分析了汇管表面裂纹产生的原因并提出了相应预防措施。得出长庆油田第一采气厂出现表面裂纹的7台管汇是由于焊接和热处理工艺不当使残余应力过大所致。     

商业银行业务保证金面临的法律风险及防范措施探讨

随着金融创新的不断深化,商业银行产品中涉及保证金的业务越来越多。保证金成为商业银行降低相关业务风险的重要手段,也成为广大公司及个人客户获取相应金融服务的重要要件。但由于目前法律法规对保证金性质的规定不明确,实践中对于保证金的法律定性存在不同认识,导致保证金被查封、冻结甚至扣划的现象时有发生,保证金的安全性和业务保障能力被打折扣。本文从法律视角研究保证金所面临的主要法律风险,并提出了多种化解风险的措施。     

Agricultural pesticides and land use intensification in high,middle and low income countries

We study levels and trends in agricultural pesticide use for a large cross-section of countries using FAO data for the period 1990–2009. Our analysis shows that a 1% increase in crop output per hectare is associated with a 1.8% increase in pesticide use per hectare but that the growth in intensity of pesticide use levels off as countries reach a higher level of economic development. However, very few high income countries have managed to significantly reduce the level of intensity of their pesticide use, because decreases in insecticide use at higher income levels are largely offset by increases in herbicide and fungicide use. The results also show very rapid growth in the intensity of pesticide use for several middle income countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Cameroon, Malaysia and Thailand. Complementing our analysis with data from the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent (PIC), we show that hazardous pesticides covered in the PIC procedure are more weakly regulated in lower than in higher income countries. We discuss the policy challenges facing developing countries with a rapid growth in pesticide use and recommend a four-pronged strategy, including an environmental tax on pesticides with revenues allocated to long-term investments in awareness building, the development of integrated crop management methods and the setting of food safety standards. The interactions between these measures should help contribute to the effectiveness of the overall strategy package.